Download or read book Variabilit du comportement de recherche alimentaire d un oiseau marin tropical written by Loriane Mendez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le comportement de recherche alimentaire varie tout au long de la vie des oiseaux marins selon divers facteurs qui peuvent être liés au cycle de vie ou à l'habitat. Cependant, aucune étude n'avait auparavant abordé ces différents facteurs de variation chez une seule et même espèce. L'objectif de cette thèse était de distinguer la part fixe du comportement de recherche alimentaire de ses différents degrés de plasticité chez un oiseau marin pantropical, le fou à pieds rouges (Sula sula). Pour cela, des adultes et des juvéniles issus de différentes colonies ont été équipés de balises GPS afin d'étudier leurs trajets selon différents facteurs de variation intrinsèques (âge et stade de reproduction) et extrinsèques (forçages physiques, productivité primaire, compétition pour la ressource). Le comportement de recherche alimentaire des adultes variait de façon importante au sein d'une même colonie selon le stade de reproduction. Les trajets étaient plus courts pendant l'élevage du poussin, connu pour être particulièrement contraignant d'un point de vue énergétique, et plus longs pendant l'incubation et la période post-envol. Le suivi pluriannuel d'une des colonies a pu mettre en évidence la flexibilité du comportement lors de conditions environnementales défavorables. Des trajets plus longs étaient observés lors de la saison de reproduction qui présentait une diminution de la productivité et de l'activité tourbillonnaire locale. Une importante plasticité du comportement en fonction de l'habitat a pu être mise en évidence à l'échelle de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce. La durée et le rayon de prospection des trajets des adultes variaient considérablement selon les colonies, allant de trajets strictement diurnes à des trajets beaucoup plus longs qui incluaient plusieurs nuits passées en mer. Les fous à pieds rouges ne semblaient pas cibler des zones particulièrement productives et la compétition intra- et interspécifique semblait expliquer en partie les différences observées entre les colonies. En revanche, tous les trajets possédaient généralement une structure similaire et augmentaient leur effort de recherche alimentaire en adoptant un comportement de recherche en zone restreinte (ARS). Le comportement des juvéniles, encore nourris par leurs parents après leur envol pendant une longue période de transition, a pu être décrit pour la première fois. Avec le temps, les juvéniles augmentaient le rayon de prospection de leurs trajets, qui restait considérablement inférieur à celui des adultes. Des associations en mer avec d'autres juvéniles étaient fréquemment identifiées. Cette longue période d'apprentissage semble permettre l'acquisition progressive de compétences complexes nécessaires à la recherche et à la capture de leurs proies. Si la plasticité comportementale des individus tend généralement à amortir les effets des conditions défavorables sur l'état de santé moyen d'une population, cette flexibilité est tout de même limitée. Dans le contexte actuel de changement global, l'évaluation de la plasticité comportementale s'avère alors nécessaire afin de mieux prévoir les conséquences de ces changements sur les populations.
Download or read book Social Foraging Theory written by Luc-Alain Giraldeau and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there is extensive literature in the field of behavioral ecology that attempts to explain foraging of individuals, social foraging--the ways in which animals search and compete for food in groups--has been relatively neglected. This book redresses that situation by providing both a synthesis of the existing literature and a new theory of social foraging. Giraldeau and Caraco develop models informed by game theory that offer a new framework for analysis. Social Foraging Theory contains the most comprehensive theoretical approach to its subject, coupled with quantitative methods that will underpin future work in the field. The new models and approaches that are outlined here will encourage new research directions and applications. To date, the analysis of social foraging has lacked unifying themes, clear recognition of the problems inherent in the study of social foraging, and consistent interaction between theory and experiments. This book identifies social foraging as an economic interaction between the actions of individuals and those of other foragers. This interdependence raises complex questions about the size of foraging groups, the diversity of resources used, and the propensity of group members to exploit each other or forage cooperatively. The models developed in the book will allow researchers to test their own approaches and predictions. Many years in development, Social Foraging Theory will interest researchers and graduate students in such areas as behavioral ecology, population ecology, evolutionary biology, and wildlife management.
Download or read book What is the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).
Download or read book Biology of Marine Birds written by E. A. Schreiber and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-08-16 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology of Marine Birds provides the only complete summary of information about marine birds ever published. It analyzes their breeding biology, ecology, taxonomy, evolution, fossil history, physiology, energetics, and conservation. The book covers four orders of marine birds in detail and includes two summary chapters that address the biology of shorebirds and wading birds and their lives in the marine environment. Summary tables give detailed information on various aspects of their life histories, breeding biology, physiology and energetics, and demography. It provides a guide to ornithologists and students for research projects.
Download or read book Aquaculture Development written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides annotations to the Principles of Article 9 of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. These annotations are meant to serve as general guidance, and should be taken as suggestions or observations intended to assist those interested in identifying their own criteria and options for actions, as well as partners for collaboration, in support of sustainable aquaculture development.
Download or read book Breeding Biology of the Egyptian Plover Pluvianus Aegyptius written by Thomas R. Howell and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Ecological Consequences of the 1982 83 El Ni o Southern Oscillation written by P.W. Glynn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-09-06 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Niño is a meteorologic/oceanographic phenomenon that occurs sporadically (every few years) at low latitudes. It is felt particularly strongly in the eastern Pacific region, notably from the equator southwards along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru. The El Niño is a component of the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) which accentuates the intimate and causal connection between atmospheric and marine processes. Obvious manifestations of El Niño in the eastern Pacific are anomalous warming of the sea; reduced upwelling; a marked decline in fisheries, and high rainfall with frequent flooding.The 1982/83 El Niño was exceptionally severe, and was probably the strongest warming of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to occur during this century. The warming was intense and spread over large parts of the Pacific Ocean and penetrated to greater depths than usual. Many eastern Pacific coral reefs that had exhibited uninterrupted growth for several hundred years until 1983 were devasted by the disturbance and are now in an erosional mode. Marine species were adversely affected. The consequent depletion of the plant food base resulted in significant reductions in stocks of fish, squid etc. This led to a mass migration and near-total reproductive failure of marine birds at Christmas Island.Emphasis in this volume is placed on disturbances to benthic communities; littoral populations; terrestrial communities and extratropical regions.
Download or read book Le Pacifique Sud written by Frédéric Angleviel and published by Presses Univ de Bordeaux. This book was released on 1991 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Habitat Population Dynamics and Metal Levels in Colonial Waterbirds written by Joanna Burger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-07-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a result of the authors' more than 40 years of study on the behavior, populations, and heavy metals in the colonial waterbirds nesting in Barnegat Bay and the nearby estuaries and bays in the Northeastern United States. From Boston Harbor to the Chesapeake, based on longitudinal studies of colonial waterbirds, it provides a clear pictu
Download or read book UNESCO General History of Africa Vol I Abridged Edition written by Jacqueline Ki-Zerbo and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume covers the period from the end of the Neolithic era to the beginning of the seventh century of our era. This lengthy period includes the civilization of Ancient Egypt, the history of Nubia, Ethiopia, North Africa and the Sahara, as well as of the other regions of the continent and its islands."--Publisher's description
Download or read book Livestock Policy Analysis written by International Livestock Research Institute and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy concepts; Identification of policy issues; Production systems, supply and demand; Market, price and trade policies; Marketing and distribution systems; Budget and manpower planning; Land tenure police for the livestock sector; Policy analysis report writing and communication; Livestock production and marketing in alphabeta - a case study.
Download or read book An Introduction to the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources written by World Conservation Union and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The African Convention on the conservation of nature and natural resources was adopted in 1968 in Algiers. Considered the most forward looking regional agreement of the time, it influenced significantly the development of environmental law in Africa. Two and a half decades of intense developments in international environmental law made it necessary to revise this treaty, update its provisions and enlarge its scope. This was undertaken under the auspices of the African Union (previously OAU), and the revision was adopted by its Heads of State and Government in July 2003 in Maputo. The introduction provides an overview of this new international treaty, as well as a commentary to each of its provisions.
Download or read book Breeding Biology of the Gray Gull Larus Modestus written by Thomas R. Howell and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Albatrosses and Petrels Across the World written by Michael Brooke and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visiting all the world's seas, the 125 species of albatross and petrel are the most oceanic and widespread of all seabirds. The nesting islands tenanted by these remarkable birds include some of the remotest atolls and some of the bleakest ice-bound Antarctic islands on the planet. Despite their penchant for the remote, petrels are now well studied ashore during breeding and, thanks to the rapid development of satellite tracking and similar techniques, when they roam the high seas. In this comprehensive and elegantly written book, Michael Brooke, who has visited some 40 countries in pursuit of birds, has brought together a wealth of information on all aspects of the biology of the species. He considers why Short-tailed Shearwaters nesting off Australia make regular 10,000 km round trips to Antarctica to harvest a single meal for their chicks, and he discusses the fearsome threat posed to most of the world's 21 albatross species by modern fishing techniques, especially long-lining. Following the ten introductory chapters come 125 individual species accounts, each accompanied by a detailed distribution map. These accounts are the most accessible and up-to-date summaries of each species' biology currently available. The book is enhanced by 16 color plates and many delightful line drawings by John Cox, and the text is also liberally illustrated with photographs. Albatrosses and Petrels Across the World will appeal to all seabird enthusiasts, whether non-specialists keen to learn more of the species that can be seen on a pelagic cruise, or professionals eager to discover how the extraordinary lifestyles of albatrosses and petrels are adaptations to a life on the ocean waves.
Download or read book The Cutting Edge written by Kathy Diane Schick and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Cutting Edge: New Approaches to the Archaeology of Human Origins presents new studies focusing on the prehistoric evidence for proto-human behavior and adaptation. Based upon a Stone Age Institute conference, this book features many of the principal investigators in Early Stone Age research. This collection of papers expands our knowledge of human evolutionary studies and considers new avenues of inquiry for the future. These studies include the results of fieldwork at major archaeological sites between 2.6 and 1.4 million years ago, analytical approaches to Early Stone Age evidence, and experimental archaeological research probing the evolutionary significance of these early sites." --Book Jacket.
Download or read book French Grammar in Context written by Margaret Jubb and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking authentic texts from a variety of sources - the human body on CD-ROM, a fish recipe, 'L'Etranger' and many others - this book uses them as a starting point for the illustration and explanation of key areas of French grammar. It includes a range of exercises, many of them text-based.
Download or read book An Analysis of Nesting Mortality in Birds written by Robert E. Ricklefs and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
