Download or read book Valuing the Mortgage Borrower s Prepayment Option written by Arden R. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling of Mortgage Prepayment and the Valuation of Mortgage backed Securities written by Yanli Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While option-theoretic models are widely used in valuation of other fixed-income instruments, their applications for the valuation of mortgage-backed securities face challenges. Mortgages are explicitly written with a call option, which allows mortgagors to prepay their mortgages any time before the maturity. The magnitude and timing of exercising the prepayment options are not purely driven by economic factors, but also the mortgagor's individual preferences and personal behaviours. This brings difficulties to valuing mortgage-backed securities with conventional models. In this thesis we aim to explore the prepayment risk caused uncertainties in valuation of mortgage-backed securities. We start with empirically examining an option-theoretic model proposed by Kalotay, Yang and Fabozzi (2004). This model has special features to treat borrower heterogeneity and suboptimal exercises of the prepayment options. Based on the empirical results, we propose to employ linear prepayment functions to model borrower heterogeneity. The new MBS valuation model with the integration of linear prepayment functions is also tested with empirical data. Our results suggest that mortgages with different coupon rates have different refinancing tendencies even towards the same market rate change. Therefore, assuming the same refinancing pattern to all classes of mortgages may lead to errors in pricing mortgages and MBSs. For mortgages with coupon rate below the prevailing refinancing rate (as proxied by the 30 year libor rate) plus the refinancing cost, a prepayment function with a low initial prepayment rate and a high slope will model the prepayments best. On the other hand, for mortgages with coupon rate above the current refinancing rate plus the refinancing cost, a prepayment function with a high initial prepayment and a mild slope will perform best. Meanwhile, refinancing burnout is also an important factor in modelling mortgage prepayment. Our results suggest that when the underlying mortgages are seasoned mortgages, especially when the prepayment option has been deep-in-the-money for a long time, the low initial prepayment high slope function will model their prepayments the best. Once these different refinancing tendencies are factored in the modelling of mortgage prepayment, the accuracy of the MBS valuation model is greatly improved.
Download or read book Mortgage Valuation Models written by Andrew Davidson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-22 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mortgage-backed securities (MBS) are among the most complex of all financial instruments. Analysis of MBS requires blending empirical analysis of borrower behavior with the mathematical modeling of interest rates and home prices. Over the past 25 years, Andrew Davidson and Alexander Levin have been at the leading edge of MBS valuation and risk analysis. Mortgage Valuation Models: Embedded Options, Risk, and Uncertainty contains a detailed description of the sophisticated theories and advanced methods that the authors employ in real-world analyses of mortgage-backed securities. Issues such as complexity, borrower options, uncertainty, and model risk play a central role in the authors' approach to the valuation of MBS. The coverage spans the range of mortgage products from loans and TBA (to-be-announced) pass-through securities to subordinate tranches of subprime-mortgage securitizations. With reference to the classical CAPM and APT, the book advocates extending the concept of risk-neutrality to modeling home prices and borrower options, well beyond interest rates. It describes valuation methods for both agency and non-agency MBS including pricing new loans; approaches to prudent risk measurement, ranking, and decomposition; and methods for modeling prepayments and defaults of borrowers. The authors also reveal quantitative causes of the 2007-09 financial crisis and provide insight into the future of the U.S. housing finance system and mortgage modeling as this field continues to evolve. This book will serve as a foundation for the future development of models for mortgage-backed securities.
Download or read book Mortgage Default and Mortgage Valuation written by John Krainer and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors develop an equilibrium valuation model that incorporates optimal default to show how mortgage yields and lender recovery rates on defaulted mortgages depend on initial loan-to-value (LTV) ratios. The analysis treats both the frictionless case and the case in which borrowers and lenders incur deadweight costs upon default. The model is calibrated using data on California mortgages. Given reasonable parameter values, the model does a surprisingly good job fitting the risk premium in the data for high LTV mortgages. Thus, from an ex ante perspective, the authors do not find strong evidence of systematic underpricing of default risk in the run-up to the housing market crisis. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Mortgage Backed Securities written by Frank J. Fabozzi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-30 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth look at the latest innovations in mortgage-backed securities The largest sector of the fixed-income market is the mortgage market. Understanding this market is critical for portfolio managers, as well as issuers who must be familiar with how these securities are structured. Mortgage-Backed Securities is a timely guide to the investment characteristics, creation, and analysis of residential real estate-backed securities. Each chapter contains cutting-edge information for investors, traders, and other professionals involved in this market, including discussions of structuring mortgage products-such as agency CMOs and new types of mortgages-and an in-depth explanation of the concept of option-adjusted spreads and other analytical concepts used to assess relative value.
Download or read book Pricing Prepayment Option in C I Loans at Origination written by Didier Cossin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a pricing model of commercial and industrial (Camp;I) loan prepayment option. Modeling of prepayment is essential in pricing mortgage contracts since prepayment truncates the timing and amount of expected cash flows. Lenders normally charge a penalty for prepayment, for example interest on unused principal. We first propose that prepayment penalties should be viewed as fees in arrears reflecting the value of a call option at origination. We then rationalize business prepayment behavior with both refinancing and non-refinancing incentives. Business borrowers make rational decisions to refinance when interest rates fall or their credit standing improves. Business borrowers also prepay with internal equity to optimize capital structure and reduce debt. Prepayment value in Camp;I loans reflects the option value depending on the market conditions, borrower's creditworthiness and the need to reduce debt. In the rest of the paper, we propose a contingent claims approach to the pricing Camp;I loan prepayment contract, given loans being defaultable, and transaction costs and fees being proportional to the loan amount. An implementation example is provided with prepayment option value being determined via a double non-recombining tree. The two underlying state variables are forward credit spread and forward interest rate specified in the HJM framework and their volatilities are exponentially dampened and proportional to the spot rates. We find that prepayment option value concentrates on the first few periods, and locking out these periods would reduce the option value signicantly. We also find that prepayment option value on a variablerate loan is insensitive to the forward interest rate volatility but very sensitive to the forward credit spread volatility.
Download or read book Rational Mortgage Valuation Using Optimal Refinancing Strategies and Heterogeneous Borrowers written by John Patrick Harding and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prepayment and the Valuation of Mortgage Backed Securities written by Eduardo S. Schwartz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mortgage Curtailment and Its Roles in Mortgage Pricing written by Qiang Fu and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mortgage Prepayment with an Uncertain Holding Period written by Tyler T. Yang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discrete time option pricing model is developed to value a mortgage and its embedded prepayment option when the effective life of the mortgage is a random variable with a probability distribution of known parameters. The model can be applied when the borrower's ex ante expectation of his tenure follows any probability distribution bounded to the left at zero. The Gamma distribution is used to illustrate the model. The pricing model is further applied to determine the conditions in which financially motivated prepayment is optimal. The results show that the certainty model understates the Interest Rate Differential needed to justify prepayment (IRD) for short Expected Holding Period (EHP) borrowers and overstates the IRD for long EHP borrowers. When the EHP is relatively long, the certainty model provides relatively good estimates of IRD during the beginning years of the mortgage life. Under most other conditions, the estimates of the certainty holding period model are biased.
Download or read book Investing in Mortgage Backed and Asset Backed Securities written by Glenn M. Schultz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to investing in and managing a portfolio of mortgage- and asset-backed securities Mortgage- and asset-backed securities are not as complex as they might seem. In fact, all of the information, financial models, and software needed to successfully invest in and manage a portfolio of these securities are available to the investment professional through open source software. Investing in Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities + Website shows you how to achieve this goal. The book draws entirely on publicly available data and open source software to construct a complete analytic framework for investing in these securities. The analytic models used throughout the book either exist in the quantlib library, as an R package, or are programmed in R and incorporated into the analytic framework used. Examines the valuation of fixed-income securities—metrics, valuation framework, and return analysis Covers residential mortgage-backed securities—security cash flow, mortgage dollar roll, adjustable rate mortgages, and private label MBS Discusses prepayment modeling and the valuation of mortgage credit Presents mortgage-backed securities valuation techniques—pass-through valuation and interest rate models Engaging and informative, this book skillfully shows you how to build, rather than buy, models and proprietary analytical platforms that will allow you to invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities.
Download or read book A New Prepayment Model with Default written by Nick J. Sharp and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new prepayment model is developed, which improves the modeling of the borrowers decision process by incorporating an occupation-time derivative in the valuation framework of a fixed-rate mortgage. This option-theoretic mortgage valuation model is based on stochastic house-price and interest-rate models, and requires a particularly subtle technique to incorporate a new type of occupation-time derivative, where the barrier (which activates the derivative) is in the value process and not the underlying process (as it is in standard occupation-time derivatives). This new model simulates a delay in prepayment by the borrower (beyond the time simple ruthless prepayment dictates), thus increasing the value of the mortgage to the lender, compared to the value gained using more basic models. This allows for a more advanced borrowers decision process, where a rational exercise structure is retained in a modified form. Empirical evidence supports this theory, which should be beneficial for accurate mortgage-backed security pricing. The results in this paper explore thoroughly the effect on the mortgage value of a delay in prepayment by the borrower on the embedded options held and on the insurance component.
Download or read book Valuation of Mortgage Products with Stochastic Prepayment intensity Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prepayment option inherent in standard US mortgage loans makes the valuation of mortgages and of mortgage-backed securities (MBS) a unique and mathematically challenging task. Building on recently introduced stochastic prepayment-intensity models for individual mortgage contracts, mathematically consistent valuation models for mortgage-backed securities are developed in this dissertation. A closed-form approximation formula for the value of fixed-rate agency MBS is derived and applied in some selected portfolio management problems. Furthermore, the valuation of reverse mortgages is considered within a similar modelling framework.
Download or read book Mortgage Financing written by Thomas J. McCool and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to HUD, the economic value of the Mutual Mortgage Insur. Fund grew by about $5 billion in 1999, reaching its highest level in 20 years. This report: estimates the value of the Fund at the end of FY'99, given expected econ. conditions, & compares this est. to the est. of the value of the Fund reported by HUD; determines the extent to which a 2% capital ratio (CR) would allow the Fund to withstand worse-than-expected loan performance due to economic & other factors; & describes options for adjusting the size of the Fund if the estimated CR is different than the amt. needed, & describes the impact that these options might have on the FUND, FHA mortgagors, & the Fed. budget. Tables.
Download or read book Mortgage and Mortgage backed Securities Markets written by Frank J. Fabozzi and published by Harvard Business Review Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. mortgage market, estimated at roughly $3.7 trillion, easily exceeds the values of the U.S. government bond market. Daily trading alone runs in the billions of dollars, and the value of mortgage-backed securities now outstanding is more than $1 trillion. The vastness of this market has inspired a variety of financial innovations, both in the design of mortgages and in the securities that derive from them. These innovations--adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs) and mortgage-backed securities (MBSs), which include passthroughs, collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), stripped MBSs, and so forth--have been a great success, created a large and growing industry, and demonstrated how financial engineering can redirect cash flows from a pool of assets to more closely satisfy the asset/liability needs of different classes of institutional investors. MBSs have proven to be a useful model for other forms of asset securitizations such as securities based on auto loans and credit card receivables. Mortgage-backed securities provide many useful benefits to both issuers and investors, but they are among the most complex of securities and appear in many interesting puzzling forms. Success in issuing, trading, and investing in MBSs requires a thorough understanding of their pricing and management of prepayment risks, and Professors Fabozzi and Modigliani have made an important contribution to that understanding in this important new book, . In this state-of-the-art treatment, Frank Fabozzi and Franco Modigliani offer the first book to systematically address the complex subject of mortgages and mortgage-backed securities without being unduly mathematical. Beginning with the basic mortgage, theauthors explain the development of the secondary mortgage market. They show how the market has been transformed from total dependence on local deposits to a market with a broad base of investors in the United States, Europe, and Japan. The business of mortgage origination, servicing, insurance, mortgage pooling, and the historical origins of securitization are fully described. The authors take the reader through the procedure for pricing traditional bonds to the complex process of valuing a variety of mortgage-backed securities. Because the borrower/homeowner has an option to prepay part or all of the mortgage at any time, yields and prices on these instruments can vary dramatically. The conventions used in this market for estimating prepayments are discussed and critically evaluated, as are the factors that affect prepayments. Fabozzi and Modigliani provide a review of the fundamental principles used in valuing fixed-income securities, then extend them to the various frames of analysis used in determining values for MBSs. This book fills an important need for mortgage bankers, institutional investors, and other financial professionals who need to understand the mortgage market and its complex instruments.
Download or read book A Contingent Claims Valuation and Simulation Analysis of Standard Fixed Payment and Variable Rate Mortgage Loans written by Chung-Sik Chang and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Empirical Estimate of the Prepayment Option Value in Fixed rate GNMA Mortgage backed Securities written by Ehud I. Ronn and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
