Download or read book Directory of Electric and Gas Utilities in the United States 1946 written by United States. Federal Power Commission and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Directory of Electric and Gas Utilities in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Utility Corporations written by United States. Federal Trade Commission and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 1406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Directory of Electric Utilities in the United States written by United States. Federal Power Commission and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 1062 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Statistics of Publicly Owned Electric Utilities in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Directory of Electric Utilities in the United States 1941 written by and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Directory of Electric Utilities in the United States 1941 and Index to Electric Statistics written by United States. Federal Power Commission and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 1062 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Water Conservation for Small and Medium Sized Utilities written by Deborah Green and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation For utilities serving up to 100,000 customers, this book provides guidance on implementing a water conservation program. With a menu of conservation approaches from which to choose, the book lets utilities plan a custom program. Includes worksheets, cost analysis, sample programs, and recommended budgets.

Download or read book Identifying Geographic Regions for Potential Future Epidemiology Research on Disinfection Byproducts written by Robert S. Raucher and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2001 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sales of Firm Electric Power for Resale by Private Electric Utilities by Federal Projects by Municipals written by United States. Federal Power Commission. Office of Accounting and Finance and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Producing Class A Biosolids With Low Cost Low Technology Treatment Processes written by J. B. Farrell and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-08-31 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Class A biosolids can be produced using low-cost, low-technology biosolids treatment processes including lagoon storage, air drying, and cake storage. This project reviewed the available literature and municipal agency data about these processes. This report presents design and operating guidelines distilled from the review process. It is designed for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) managers, operators, and engineers who wish to discern whether these processes, used alone or in combination, might be practically applied at specific plants. This report also describes the U.S. regulatory environment in relation to producing Class A Biosolids and defining Class A processes. It also presents a list of recommended research needs. This report: Familiarizes WWTP managers, operators, and engineers with low-cost, low-technology biosolids treatment processes, likely pathogen kill mechanisms, and practices that have reduced pathogen densities to Class A levels at scales ranging from laboratory tests to large municipal biosolids treatment operations. Presents guidelines for producing Class A biosolids under a variety of conditions. Describes low-technology treatment processes within the Class A regulatory framework, identifies satisfactory end conditions for products created from low-tech treatment processes, and provides guidance in developing national or site-specific certification as processes equivalent to a process to further reduce pathogens (PFRP).

Download or read book Multiple Stressors written by S. M. Swanson and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-07-31 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a pressing need for developing and testing a general set of theories in order to provide a confident basis for prediction of multiple stressor effects. Confident prediction is central to confident decision making in water pollution control. Consequently, WERF commissioned this study, which has as its goal to provide a study design based on good science that helps establish a general, conceptual approach to multiple stressors. The objectives addressed in this report are: (1) review and critique the existing body of knowledge for multiple stressors; (2) develop a searchable, annotated bibliography of multiple stressor research; and, (3) identify gaps in the body of knowledge. A rigorous, theoretical basis for the prediction of multiple stressor effects could not be developed from the literature on experimental studies of multiple stressor effects in aquatic ecosystems. Despite the wealth of observational data, the existence of several useful tools for interpretation of cause/effect relationships (including formal Stressor Identification methods), and the studies reviewed in this report, there are no tools that allow a confident, a priori, prediction of ecosystem response to multiple stressors. The current literature provides, at best, a series of site-specific glimpses of the response of ecological communities and ecosystems to multiple stressors. There is seldom, if ever, any reference to a more generalized model of multiple stressor effects apart from the discussion of the expectations regarding additivity versus synergism. Many articles that purport to be multiple stressor studies do not go beyond an inventory of the various stresses and upsets affecting the ecosystem, without attempting to assess the interactions among them.

Download or read book Assessing Methods of Removing Metals from Wastewater The Effect of Ferric Chloride Addition written by David L. Sedlak and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence of cationic pollutant metals in municipal wastewater effluent is a concern because stringent discharge requirements cannot always be met with conventional treatment methods. Attempts to improve metal removal are often unsuccessful because a significant fraction of the cationic metals are complexed by the synthetic chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). To identify practical approaches for improving metal removal, an analytical method for measuring metal-EDTA complexes was used to survey metal speciation at a series of wastewater treatment plants. Following these analyses, bench-scale experiments were conducted. The survey data indicated that pollutant metal-EDTA complexes account for a significant fraction of the dissolved metals in wastewater. The bench-scale studies indicated that ferric chloride addition improves the removal of copper and zinc by approximately 20%. To test the results of the bench-scale experiments, a full-scale experiment was conducted by interrupting chemical addition at a municipal wastewater treatment plant that normally adds ferric chloride during primary treatment. Results indicated that ferric chloride addition had a slight impact on metal speciation but no effect on metals removal. The lack of an effect was attributed to changes in metal speciation that occurred during primary treatment irrespective of ferric chloride addition.

Download or read book Steam electric Plant Construction Cost and Annual Production Expenses written by United States. Federal Power Commission and published by . This book was released on with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of Practical Methods to Assess the Presence of Bacterial Pathogens in Water written by W. A. Yanko and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project was to develop and evaluate a practical technique to indicate the probability of the presence of bacterial pathogens in receiving waters. A practical method was defined as one that would limit the use of defined culture-based microbiological methods, and would be based on: (1) validating indicator organisms that predicted the presence of pathogens, or (2) detection of pathogens by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays. The study also assessed the utility of PCR-based technology for bacterial pathogen detection with respect to technology transfer to a wider range of water and wastewater facilities.

Download or read book Pathogen Destruction Efficiency In High Temperature Digestion written by Donald M. D. Gray (Gabb) and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to evaluate and compare various thermophilic anaerobic digestion processes for meeting U.S. EPA biosolids Class A pathogen standards. The project was split into three phases. Phase 1 screened three bench-scale thermophilic anaerobic process configurations at three different thermophilic temperatures based on their fecal coliform destruction efficiency. All three of the thermophilic process configurations tested were capable of achieving the Class A fecal coliform standard and were included in Phase 2. In Phase 2, bench-scale anaerobic digesters were fed primary sludge seeded with E.coli, helminth ova, poliovirus, and Salmonella to evaluate pathogen destruction. Two process configurations, the thermophilic single-stage and the two-stage mesophilic acid-phase/thermophilic methane-phase system, met Class A requirements at 50oC. In Phase 3, the single-stage thermophilic anaerobic digestion process was compared to the single-stage mesophilic process at full scale (1.5-MG digesters) based on fecal coliform and pathogen destruction, process performance, digested sludge dewaterability, and odor generation. Pathogen destruction and process performance comparisons of the various process configurations are presented for each phase of the study. Based on the fecal coliform data presented here, an empirical model was developed for quantitatively comparing multiple stage and single-stage thermophilic anaerobic digester performance. The model demonstrates that various combinations of thermophilic temperatures, staging, and residence times can achieve the Class A fecal coliform requirement. This study also suggests that anaerobic digesters operating in the lower thermophilic temperature range (approximately 50?C) are not only capable of achieving Class A requirements but may also produce digested sludges with less odor and lower volatile solids than digesters operating at higher thermophilic temperatures.

Download or read book Evaluation of Microbial Risk Assessment Techniques and Applications written by J. A. Soller and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This investigation reviewed and evaluated methodologies used for microbial risk assessment with respect to their applicability for reclaimed water applications. The investigation was comprised of five primary components: a comprehensive database of articles, reports and books describing microbial risk assessment methodologies was established and reviewed. Risk assessment techniques and models were identified for estimating the public health risk from exposure to microorganisms via reclaimed water applications. Two models were identified for further evaluation: a static (individual based) and a dynamic (population based). In the third component, the two models were evaluated to differentiate between the conditions under which models predict similar and substantially different estimations of risk. Through numerical simulation, exposure/pathogen combinations were identified when it may be appropriate to use the less complex, static model. Case study risk assessment scenarios demonstrated the model selection process for three realistic, yet hypothetical reclaimed water scenarios.The fourth component presents a constraint analysis for existing reuse regulations. The constraint analysis is carried out by documenting the existing reuse regulations. The constraint analysis is carried out by documenting the existing regs in three states for landscape irrigation and uses that comparison as a starting point to identify how microbial risk assessment may be useful within the context of existing and potential future water reuse regulations. The investigation concludes by identifying criteria for a computer interface that would allow regulatory and/or municipal agencies/utilities to take advantage of the analysis discussed in the report. This publication can also be purchased and downloaded via Pay Per View on Water Intelligence Online - click on the Pay Per View icon below