Download or read book Utilisation de la vaccination th rapeutique contre le cancer written by Mbizi Matona and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le cancer constitue une véritable menace pour l’humanité. Avec une progression exponentielle des nouveaux cas observée au cours de la dernière décennie, les prévisions ne laissent guère de doute sur sa capacité à progresser dans les prochaines années. De ce fait, l’amélioration de l’efficacité des traitements contre le cancer notamment par la mise en place de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques constitue une priorité dans le domaine de l’oncologie. En dépit des nombreuses barrières dans le traitement contre le cancer, l’approche immunologique est devenue un enjeu de grande importance grâce notamment à sa capacité à atteindre les cibles tumorales spécifiques. Ainsi, il devient nécessaire de concentrer plus d’efforts dans la mise en œuvre de nouvelles thérapies anti-tumorales orientées vers l’approche immunologique .Dans cette approche immunologique, la vaccination thérapeutique représente une option viable pour l’immunothérapie des cancers. Les anticorps monoclonaux constituent une option intéressante pour le développement des vaccins thérapeutiques contre une grande variété de tumeurs en raison de leur spécificité et de leur flexibilité. Cependant certaines considérations sont à prendre en compte lors du choix de types d’anticorps monoclonaux pour développer une stratégie de vaccination thérapeutique. Par conséquent des solutions doivent être trouvées à la double problématique, celle de la recherche des moyens permettant d’optimiser l’efficacité clinique des anticorps monoclonaux d’une part, et de la réduction des couts de production d’autre part.
Download or read book Optimisation des vaccins peptidiques anti cancers but th rapeutique par l utilisation d un vecteur ompos de nanotubes de nitrure de bore et combinaisons avec les anticorps anti PD L written by Laurie Rangan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La vaccination thérapeutique antitumorale a pour but de générer et/ou rétablir un système immunitaire dirigé contre les cellules tumorales. Elle consiste en l'injection d'antigènes tumoraux générant notamment les lymphocytes T (LT). De nombreux vaccins anti-cancers ont été testés chez l'Homme, mais à ce jour aucun n'est validé et prescrit en clinique. Ceci résulte d'un manque d'immunogénicité et/ou des mécanismes d'échappement immunitaire limitant leur efficacité. Les récents progrès dans la compréhension de ces mécanismes de résistance ouvrent des perspectives pour le développement de vaccins anticancers innovants. Ainsi, j'ai évalué lors de cette thèse deux approches d'optimisation des vaccins peptidiques anti-tumoraux i) l'une consistait à vectoriser des peptides sur des nanotubes de nitrure de bore (BNNT) et ii) une seconde par l'évaluation des combinaisons de vaccins peptidiques avec un anticorps bloquant l'axe PD-1 /PD-L 1, un mécanisme immunosuppressif. Afin d'évaluer ces stratégies dans les modèles précliniques de souris humanisées HLA, j'ai identifié dans un premier travail un modèle de tumeur transplantable chez les souris transgéniques HLA-A2-DRI. D'origine sarcomateuse, cette lignée cellulaire nommée SARC-Ll et issue d'une tumeur naturellement apparue chez une souris HLA-A2/DRI, génère in vivo l'apparition d'une tumeur palpable sous quelques jours. Ces tumeurs sont sensibles aux chimiothérapies standards et immunothérapie anti-checkpoint (anti-PDI/PD-Ll) associé à une augmentation de l'infiltrat tumoral par les LT CDS. Cette fümée est également modifiable génétiquement afin d'exprimer fortement les molécules HLA-A2 et HLA-DRI ainsi que des antigènes tumoraux d'origine humaine faisant de cette tumeur un modèle de choix dans l'évaluation de l'efficacité antitumorale des vaccins utilisables chez l'Homme. L'utilisation de cellules dendritiques dérivées de monocytes (MoDC) ont permis de démontrer in vitro que les BNNTUCP (pour Universal Cancer Peptides, dérivés de la télomérase humaine) étaient intemalisés par ces cellules. Leur viabilité était maintenue et nous n'avons pas observé d'augmentation des marqueurs de maturation (CD80/CD86/CD83/HLA-DR). Par ailleurs ces mêmes MoDC permettaient l'activation de clones LT CD4 anti-UCP, non observée pour les clones LT CD8 démontrant l'absence de présentation croisée de ces peptides in vitro. L'immunisation de souris HLA-A2/DR1 a permis de démontrer l'induction de LT CD4 et LT CD8 spécifiques, 4 à 5 fois supérieure qu'avec l'adjuvant incomplet de Freund (IFA) ou les nanotubes de carbone (CNT-UCP). L'augmentation de l'immunogénicité des BNNT-UCP était associée à un ralentissement de la croissance des tumeurs sarcomateuses SARCA2 UCP+ et une augmentation du nombre de LT CD4 et CD8 anti-télomérase infiltrant la tumeur. L'étude des combinaisons vaccin+anti-PD-L 1 a été réalisée sur le modèle tumoral murin TC! HPV+ greffé sur les souris C57BL/6NCrl et sur le modèle SARC-A2/DR1 exprimant l'antigène D393-CD20 (Henry et al., 2010). Les souris ont été traitées par l'administration concomitante du vaccin et d'anti-PD-Ll (conco-combo) ou de façon séquentielle par l'injection d'anti-PD-Ll après la vaccination (seq-combo). Pour les souris du groupe conco-combo, la croissance tumorale était significativement ralentie comparée aux autres groupes traités. A contrario, cette efficacité était abrogée pour le groupe seq-combo. L'effet synergique conco-combo était associé à une augmentation des LT CD8 intratumoraux montrant un meilleur profil effecteur mémoire (CD44+CD62L+) et une meilleure viabilité (Annexine-V/7AAD) que les autres groupes. Une réponse périphérique LT CD8 et CD4 spécifiques supérieure était également observée, ainsi qu'une réponse lymphocytaire T spécifique dirigée contre la télomérase démontrant une augmentation de la diversité antigénique des LT.
Download or read book Tissue Resident Memory T Cells written by Fathia Mami-Chouaib and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-19 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a major role in control of viral infections. Their involvement in cancer diseases has been more recently demonstrated. This non-circulating T-lymphocyte subset lacks molecules enabling egress from the tissue and migration to lymph nodes, expresses specific markers of residency and displays specific transcription factors. The present special issue elucidates our current knowledge on CD8+ TRM cells and explores less frequently described resident subsets, such as CD4+ TRM and innate-like cells, as well as their specific metabolism and niches for their formation in infectious and cancer diseases.
Download or read book Current List of Medical Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes section, "Recent book acquisitions" (varies: Recent United States publications) formerly published separately by the U.S. Army Medical Library.
Download or read book Vaccines A Biography written by Andrew W. Artenstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-11 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why another book about vaccines? There are already a few extremely well-written medical textbooks that provide comprehensive, state-of-the-art technical reviews regarding vaccine science. Additionally, in the past decade alone, a number of engrossing, provocative books have been published on various related issues ra- ing from vaccines against specific diseases to vaccine safety and policy. Yet there remains a significant gap in the literature – the history of vaccines. Vaccines: A Biography seeks to fill a void in the extant literature by focusing on the history of vaccines and in so doing, recounts the social, cultural, and scientific history of vaccines; it places them within their natural, historical context. The book traces the lineage – the “biography” – of individual vaccines, originating with deeply rooted medical problems and evolving to an eventual conclusion. Nonetheless, these are not “biographies” in the traditional sense; they do not trace an individual’s growth and development. Instead, they follow an idea as it is conceived and dev- oped, through the contributions of many. These are epic stories of discovery, of risk-takers, of individuals advancing medical science, in the words of the famous physical scientist Isaac Newton, “by standing on the shoulders of giants. ” One grant reviewer described the book’s concept as “triumphalist”; although meant as an indictment, this is only partially inaccurate.
Download or read book Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most women who die from cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries, are in the prime of their life. They may be raising children, caring for their family, and contributing to the social and economic life of their town or village. Their death is both a personal tragedy, and a sad and unnecessary loss to their family and their community. Unnecessary, because there is compelling evidence, as this Guide makes clear, that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Unfortunately, the majority of women in developing countries still do not have access to cervical cancer prevention programmes. The consequence is that, often, cervical cancer is not detected until it is too late to be cured. An urgent effort is required if this situation is to be corrected. This Guide is intended to help those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden posed by cervical cancer for women, communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge and skills needed by health care providers, at different levels of care.
Download or read book Treatment of Ovarian Cancer written by A. P. Bardos and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume presents the latest research on therapies for ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is cancer that begins in the cells that constitute the ovaries, including surface epithelial cells, germ cells, and the sex cord-stromal cells. Cancer cells that metastasize from other organ sites to the ovary (most commonly breast or colon cancers) are not then considered ovarian cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, ovarian cancer accounts for 4 percent of all cancers among women and ranks fifth as a cause of their deaths from cancer. The American Cancer Society statistics for ovarian cancer estimate that there will be 25,400 new cases and 14,300 deaths in 2003. The death rate for this disease has not changed much in the last 50 years. Unfortunately, almost 70 percent of women with the common epithelial ovarian cancer are not diagnosed until the disease is advanced in stage -- i.e., has spread to the upper abdomen (stage III) or beyond (stage IV). The 5-year survival rate for these women is only 15 to 20 percent, whereas the 5-year survival rate for stage I disease patients approaches 90 percent and for stage II disease patients approaches 70 percent. Ovarian tumors are named according to the type of cells the tumor started from and whether the tumor is benign or cancerous. The three main types of ovarian tumors are: Epithelial Tumors, Germ Cell Tumors and Stromal Tumors.
Download or read book Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors written by Alan D. Lopez and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic health planning, the cornerstone of initiatives designed to achieve health improvement goals around the world, requires an understanding of the comparative burden of diseases and injuries, their corresponding risk factors and the likely effects of invervention options. The Global Burden of Disease framework, originally published in 1990, has been widely adopted as the preferred method for health accounting and has become the standard to guide the setting of health research priorities. This publication sets out an updated assessment of the situation, with an analysis of trends observed since 1990 and a chapter on the sensitivity of GBD estimates to various sources of uncertainty in methods and data.
Download or read book Innovate Bristol written by Sven Boermeester and published by . This book was released on 2019-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovate Bristol highlights and celebrates those companies and individuals that are actively working at building a better tomorrow for all. Innovation Ecosystems thrive through the involvement and support of companies and individuals from all industries, which is why the Innovate series not only focuses on the innovators but also those people whom the Innovation Ecosystem, would not be able to thrive without.
Download or read book Minicircle and Miniplasmid DNA Vectors written by Martin Schleef and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first title on the topic provides complete coverage, including the molecular basis, production and possible biomedical applications. Written by the most prominent academic researchers in the field as well as by researchers at one of the world's leading companies in industrial production of minicircle DNA, this practical book is aimed at everyone who is directly or indirectly involved in the development of gene therapies.
Download or read book Trade marks Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Le Pacifique Sud written by Frédéric Angleviel and published by Presses Univ de Bordeaux. This book was released on 1991 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances written by National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines provide recommendations that outline the critical aspects of infection prevention and control. The recommendations were developed using the best available evidence and consensus methods by the Infection Control Steering Committee. They have been prioritised as key areas to prevent and control infection in a healthcare facility. It is recognised that the level of risk may differ according to the different types of facility and therefore some recommendations should be justified by risk assessment. When implementing these recommendations all healthcare facilities need to consider the risk of transmission of infection and implement according to their specific setting and circumstances.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 1848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bulletin of the World Health Organization written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book HPV and Cancer written by James A. Radosevich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “HPV and Cancer” is a concise read that covers all aspects of the Human Papilloma Virus as it relates to human cancers. While written by professionals, it design to be understandable by those that are not in the field, yet it has the technical details that professionals want to stay abreast of this changing field. The book starts out the history of HPV and progresses into the molecular biology of the virus and our current understand of the structure and functions of the proteins and genes it encodes. We then look at the dynamic trends of this infectious agent in the human population, how it interacts with human cells, and the role it plays with other organisms to produce both benign and malignant tumors. Lastly, there is a discussion about a new vaccine for HPV and the hopes that are held by many to change the trends with this virus and the associated cancers it produces.
