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Book Using Genetic Association Studies for the Improvement of Wood and Fibre Properties in Eucalyptus Globulus Ssp globulus Labill

Download or read book Using Genetic Association Studies for the Improvement of Wood and Fibre Properties in Eucalyptus Globulus Ssp globulus Labill written by Saravanan Thavamanikumar and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Genetics Genomics and Breeding of Eucalypts

Download or read book Genetics Genomics and Breeding of Eucalypts written by Robert J. Henry and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eucalypts are used for the production of paper products, firewood, charcoal, potential feedstocks for bioenergy and biomaterials, as ornamentals and landscape trees, and in land rehabilitation. Eucalypt breeding is at an early stage with many plantings being only at the first stages of domestication. The relatively small genomes of these species make the application of molecular genetics approaches attractive. The application of modern genomics will accelerate the development of improved eucalypts for a wide range of uses. This book brings together diverse information on the genetics, genomics, and breeding of these important forest species.

Book Genetic Improvement of Eucalyptus Globulus Labill Ssp Globulus for Pulp Production

Download or read book Genetic Improvement of Eucalyptus Globulus Labill Ssp Globulus for Pulp Production written by Nuno Manuel Gonçalves Borralho and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Notes on Some Properties of Eucalyptus Globulus

Download or read book Notes on Some Properties of Eucalyptus Globulus written by Ong Seng Heng and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book An Examination of the Natural Variation and Genetic Control of Survival in Eucalyptus Globulus Ssp Globulus and the Implications of Incorporating Survival Into Selection

Download or read book An Examination of the Natural Variation and Genetic Control of Survival in Eucalyptus Globulus Ssp Globulus and the Implications of Incorporating Survival Into Selection written by Paul Chambers and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Genetic Improvement of the Wood Properties of Eucalyptus Nitens

Download or read book Genetic Improvement of the Wood Properties of Eucalyptus Nitens written by Peter Denis Kube and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Eucalyptus

Download or read book Eucalyptus written by Seng Hua Lee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the world distribution of eucalyptus plantations and the recent state of research on the utilization of planted eucalyptus for engineered wood products (EWPs) manufacturing. EWPs such as particleboard, fiberboard, oriented strand board, laminated veneer lumber, plywood, glue-laminated lumber, and cross-laminated lumber are highlighted. Eucalyptus is the main fiber resource for the pulp and paper industries in developed countries. Timber and fibers extracted from eucalyptus have long been utilized for solid wood and manufacturing of medium-density fiberboard. Other uses of eucalyptus such as pulp and paper, fuels, and chemical feedstocks are also discussed. Economic, social, and environmental assessments of eucalyptus products are presented.

Book Isolation and Functional Genetic Analysis of Eucalyptus Wood Formation Genes

Download or read book Isolation and Functional Genetic Analysis of Eucalyptus Wood Formation Genes written by Honghai Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eucalyptus trees are an important source of wood and fibre. The wood (secondary xylem) of this genus is widely used for pulp and papermaking. However, our understanding of the mechanisms which control the wood formation process (xylogenesis) in Eucalyptus and other woody species is far from complete. One reason is that xylogenesis is a very complex developmental process. The major components of wood are lignin and cellulose. Many genes involved in lignin and cellulose biosynthesis have been characterized. For example, Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) are two important lignin biosynthesis genes. Plant cellulose is synthesized by cellulose synthase enzymes with the aid of some other proteins, such as sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). Another factor which makes it difficult to analyze the function of Eucalyptus wood formation genes in vivo, is the long generation times of Eucalyptus trees and the difficulty to obtain transgenic Eucalyptus plants. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the use of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system for functional analysis of wood formation genes. We transformed a lignin and a cellulose biosynthesis gene isolated from Eucalyptus to wild-type and mutant genetic backgrounds of Arabidopsis in order to test our ability to modify the cell wall chemistry of Arabidopsis thaliana using tree genes. The Eucalyptus CCR (EUCCR) gene was transformed into wild-type Arabidopsis (Col-0) and irregular xylem 4 (irx4) mutant plants, in which the homolog of EUCCR is mutated. A Eucalyptus cellulose synthase gene (EgCesA1) was also transformed into irregular xylem 1 (irx1) mutant plants, in which the homolog of EgCesA1 is mutated. Transgenics were only obtained from wild-type Col-0 transformed with EUCCR and from irx1 transformed with EgCesA1. We studied the cell wall chemistry of wild-type Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the Eucalyptus CCR gene. Chemical analysis of inflorescence stems revealed the modification of lignin and cellulose content in transgenic plants. Total lignin content was increased in T2 (5%) and T3 (12%) lines as revealed by micro-Klason lignin and thioglycolic acid quantification methods, respectively. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that cellulose content was significantly decreased (10%) in T2 transgenic plants. This suggested the reallocation of carbon from cellulose to lignin as a result of overexpression of EUCCR in transgenic plants. Interestingly, thioacidolysis analysis revealed that in T2 plants, monomethoxylated guaiacyl (G) monomer was increased (16%) and bimethoxylated syringyl (S) monomer was decreased (21%). Therefore, the S/G lignin monomer ratio was significant decreased (32%). This implied that EUCCR might be specific to G monomer biosynthesis. The results described above confirmed that Arabidopsis thaliana can be used to model the function of wood formation genes isolated from Eucalyptus. Two novel full-length Eucalyptus sucrose synthase (SuSy) genes, EgSuSy1 and EgSuSy3, and one putative pseudogene, EgSuSy2, were also isolated in this study. Degenerate PCR was used to amplify Eucalyptus SuSy fragments from cDNA and genomic DNA. 3 RACE was used to amplify the 3 ends of two Eucalyptus SuSy genes. Genome walking was performed to obtain the 5 ends of EgSuSy1 and EgSuSy2 whereas 5 RACE technology was used to isolate the 5 end of EgSuSy3. However, 3 RACE analysis failed when we tried to identify the 3 end of EgSuSy2. Sequencing results from the genome walking product of EgSuSy2 further revealed that the start codon of this gene was missing, and we hypothesize that this is a psuedogene in the Eucalyptus genome. The EgSuSy1 cDNA was 2498 bp in length with an open reading frame of 2418 bp encoding 805 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 92.3 kDa. The 2528 bp full-length EgSuSy3 cDNA contained the same length of open reading frame as EgSuSy1, but encoded a polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 92.8 kDa. The results of quantitative real-time RT-PCR, phylogenetic analysis and gene structure of the two genes revealed that both genes might be involved in cellulose biosynthesis in primary and secondary cell walls of Eucalyptus. These two genes, EgSuSy1 and EgSuSy3, could therefore be useful targets for genetic engineering of wood properties in Eucalyptus.

Book Investigation of the Eucalyptus Globulus Wood for the Use as an Engineered Material

Download or read book Investigation of the Eucalyptus Globulus Wood for the Use as an Engineered Material written by João Marto and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Evaluating the Effect of Disruptive Genetic Variations on Secondary Cell Wall Deposition in Populus Trichocarpa

Download or read book Evaluating the Effect of Disruptive Genetic Variations on Secondary Cell Wall Deposition in Populus Trichocarpa written by Anthony Piot and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood is an important renewable material and energy source whose physical and chemical characteristics are mainly determined during its formation, and specifically the secondary cell wall deposition (SCWD) step. Understanding the molecular determinants of the SCWD process is thus important to improve knowledge of this biological process and wood improvement strategies. Genomics studies in the form of genetic association studies identified many genes involved in the SCWD step in the tree model species Populus trichocarpa but failed to explain most of the observed heritability in phenotypic traits using common genetic variation only. Rare genetic variants characterized by their low frequency in populations hold potential to explain more of the missing heritability, especially those variants with a disruptive effect on gene products. The first chapter of this thesis review the research literature on the latest genomics-based technological and methodological innovations used to study the molecular aspects of wood formation. Summary of these advancements highlight how breakthroughs in sequencing technologies and the availability of additional assembled and functionally annotated plant genomes have broadened the scope of organisms for investigating the distinct wood formation patterns among seed plants. The study of non-coding RNAs and epigenetic interactions has become an important part of the research on the expression regulation of genes implicated in wood formation. Systems genetics coupled with network graph theory have been used to integrate multiple layers of molecular data to study wood formation as a complex biological process. In terms of wood improvement, genomics-enabled breeding has produced similar or even better results compared to traditional selection approaches. High-throughput technologies and cost-efficient resequencing of complete genomes have enabled the identification of every genetic variation along genomes, and it is now possible to identify rare genetic variants in a population sample. Rare genetic variants, however, must be identified with high confidence, as they can easily be confounded with sequencing errors. In the second chapter, whole genome resequencing of Populus trichocarpa were used to identify rare and common small genetic variants across individual genomes. The genetic variations identified by two variant calling software were compared and filtered using strict quality criteria. Based on the variants identified by both variant callers, we found high genomic diversity in P. trichocarpa germplasm, with 8.5 million small genetic variants. Importantly, 377k non-synonymous variants (5% of the total) were uncovered. The importance of genomic diversity and the potential of rare defective genetic variants in explaining a significant portion of P. trichocarpa's phenotypic variability in association genetics are highlighted. Disruptive variants within coding DNA predictably leads to defective gene products and may be targets for molecular breeding. In the third chapter, 58 disruptive genetic variants were identified in P. trichcocarpa's SCWD genes, using the genetic variants recovered in Chapter 2. Two transcriptomic datasets were then used to examine the expression patterns of these genes. Transcript expression differed significantly between individuals with disruptive variants and those without in 13% of gene transcripts in which disruptive variants were found. In heterozygous individuals, the allele-specific expression of disruptive variants and the reference allele was significantly different in approximately half of our observations and varied significantly between genotypes, clonemates and environments. The potential of two disruptive variants in two hemicellulose genes, GUX and GT8D2, was also evaluated for wood improvement. Overall, these results show complex expression regulation of SCWD genes with disruptive variants and highlight the importance of environmental influences on transcript expression. This thesis demonstrates the importance of study design for the proper identification of rare genetic variants. In addition, the complex regulation of SCWD gene expression associated with the presence of disruptive variants have been highlighted. Over the past five years, the field of wood genomics has seen a shift to an increasingly holistic approach to help decipher wood formation as a complex biological process. The resulting knowledge will further improve our knowledge about the molecular determinants of wood formation and enhance the efficiency of tree breeding strategies.

Book The Occurrence and Characteristics of Tension Wood and Associated Wood Properties in Eucalyptus Globulus Labill

Download or read book The Occurrence and Characteristics of Tension Wood and Associated Wood Properties in Eucalyptus Globulus Labill written by Russell Kenneth Washusen and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: