Download or read book Using Formative Research to Design Infant and Young Child Feeding Interventions written by Keriann Hunter Paul and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interventions using technology-based supplements to improve infant and young child feeding (IYCF) have only had a moderate effect on growth. The amount of formative research conducted prior to these interventions has been minimal suggesting that unknown contextual aspects may have affected the impact of these technology-based supplements. This dissertation explores the use of formative research to improve the design of IYCF interventions using technology-based supplements. In CHAPTER TWO I examined the underlying contextual determinants of complementary feeding in two food insecure settings to identify appropriate intervention strategies. In CHAPTER THREE I tested the feasibility of one of the strategies developed in CHAPTER TWO by comparing how much infant feeding can be improved without and with the use of a lipid-based nutrient supplement. In CHAPTER FOUR I compared the information gained about the acceptability of a processed complementary food (PCF) from a short, one-day taste and a longer, 2-week home trial. The results of CHAPTER TWO indicate that other determinants besides income poverty can help determine whether a food-based supplement is required and that nutrition education programs should be grounded in the larger indigenous ways of knowing about food and infant care. In CHAPTER THREE the results show that nutrient intakes can be significantly improved with barrier-specific counseling messages via a transformative learning experience, but ultimately some type of supplement is necessary to ensure adequate iron and zinc intakes when there is a lack of animal source foods. In CHAPTER FOUR, the results confirmed that a longer home-based trial can identify pitfalls that could affect a longer intervention that were not found in a short, one-day taste test. In CHAPTER FIVE I reviewed available formative research models and made recommendations to improve the feasibility of conducting such research in an era where more technology-based supplements are available. I conclude that formative research can be approached iteratively such that multiple layers of an intervention could be explored. I recommend that formative research for an intervention should be better documented to recognize the contextual decisions of intervention design and education interventions should begin to incorporate contemporary adult learning theory into their design.

Download or read book Consulting with Caregivers written by Anna Gillespie and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving maternal and newborn care and young child feeding will decrease under five mortality and malnutrition in developing countries. To help design interventions in these areas, a study was conducted in the Lao PDR. The study found that washing newborns after delivery and delaying breastfeeding for 1-3 days are common practices that may expose newborns to hypothermia. Few caregivers practice clean cord care and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, increasing the risk of infection. Most women deliver at home without assistance from a trained provider. They also restrict what they eat based on traditional beliefs about foods thought to affect mothers' health or breastmilk. Traditional beliefs also determine how young children are fed. Most caregivers, when asked to try four feeding recommendations for young children (add or give more animal food, increase the amount of food, number of feedings, and vegetables and fruits), were willing to try and continue them. Many caregivers were surprised about how much and what types of foods children can consume, if they are encouraged to, and valued receiving new information about how to improve young child feeding. The study conclusions are that newborn care can be improved using low-cost technologies such as keeping newborns warm by deferring washing for 24 hours, and wiping, wrapping and breastfeeding newborns immediately after delivery. Risk of infection can be reduced by proper care of the umbilical cord and by exclusively breastfeeding infants for six months. What women eat can be improved by promoting the consumption of certain foods that improve the quality and quantity of breastmilk. To improve the feeding of young children, messages are needed about how much and what types of foods they require and how to encourage them to eat those foods.

Download or read book Infant and Young Child Feeding written by Fiona Dykes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-08-14 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting book, edited by Fiona Dykes and Victoria Hall Moran and with a foreword from Gretel Pelto, explores in an integrated context the varied factors associated with infant and child nutrition, including global feeding strategies, cultural factors, issues influencing breastfeeding, and economic and life cycle influences

Download or read book Parents Information Seeking and Use Regarding Infant and Toddler Feeding written by Allison Hepworth and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate aim of translational research in the prevention sciences is to establish evidence-based programs and services that facilitate the adoption or maintenance of positive health behaviors. Success is indicated by reductions in the incidence of mental and behavioral health disorders at the individual and population levels, and universal support of evidence-based prevention policies. One barrier to realizing the translational research agenda is a limited understanding of how individuals naturally find and apply information related to preventive health behaviors. Such formative research could guide the development and adaption of evidence-based programs and services by offering insight into the content and delivery characteristics that promote information exposure, satisfaction, and application. Childhood obesity is an especially urgent public health problem that would benefit from research that supports translation. Recent estimates suggest that nearly one-in-five children have obesity, and over half of todays children will have obesity by age 35 without intervention. Parents of infants under 2 years of age have been identified as promising targets for childhood obesity prevention because of their proximal influence on childrens eating behavior and growth trajectories. Research is rapidly accumulating across the translational research spectrum on the association between parents child feeding behavior and later obesity risk. To ensure this research develops into evidence-based programs and services that improve public health, formative research is needed. The purpose of this dissertation is to inform the translational research process in the field of childhood obesity prevention by providing formative research on parents information seeking and use regarding infant and toddler feeding. I first present a new conceptual model of information seeking and use (the ISU model) constructed from existing theories of health behavior, information behavior, and health information seeking that provides the foundation for the research questions addressed in the dissertation (Chapter 1). I then explore how parents satisfaction with information about infant and toddler feeding is associated with their information seeking aptitude and information acquisition characteristics using data from a cross-sectional, parent-reported online survey (N = 423) regarding a naturally occurring information seeking occasion (Chapter 2). I use the same dataset to explore how parents behavioral application of the information they obtain is associated with their information seeking aptitude, information integration, and behavioral capacity and intent characteristics (Chapter 3). Lastly, I synthesize the information presented in Chapters 1 through 3 and present recommendations for future research regarding the design and adaptation of evidence-based programs for childhood obesity prevention (Chapter 4). The results presented in Chapter 2 suggest that parents satisfaction with infant and toddler feeding information was strongly and positively associated with their perceptions of information utility and trust in the information. Ease of information acquisition and clarity also showed positive and significant associations with satisfaction, however the effects were smaller in comparison to utility and trust. The results presented in Chapter 3 demonstrate that behavioral application of infant feeding information was classified best by feeling motivated by the information and moderate-to-high ratings of information satisfaction. Including demographic and socioeconomic characteristics did not improve the classification of behavioral application above and beyond information seeking aptitude, integration, and behavioral capacity and intent characteristics. Future research can use the ISU model and the empirical findings presented in this dissertation to guide the measurement and manipulation of variables across the information seeking and use process to optimize the reach and impact of evidence-based information.

Download or read book Feeding in the First Year of Life written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Clinical Research Methods for Surgeons written by David F. Penson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-06 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With his keen analytical mind and penchant for organization, Charles Darwin would have made an excellent clinical investigator. Unfortunately for surgery, his early exposure at Edinburgh to the brutality of operations in 1825 convinced him to reject his father’s plan for his career and pursue his interest in nature. His subsequent observations of how environmental pressures shaped the development of new species provided the essential mechanism to explain evolution and the disappearance of those species that failed to adapt. Today, surgeons face the same reality as new technology, progressive regulation by government and payers, medico-legal risks, and public demands for proof of performance force changes in behavior that our predecessors never imagined. We know that surgeons have always prided themselves on accurate documentation of their results, including their complications and deaths, but observational studies involving a single surgeon or institution have given way to demands for controlled interventional trials despite the inherent difficulty of studying surgical patients by randomized, blinded techniques. That is why this book is so timely and important. In a logical and comprehensive approach, the authors have assembled a group of experienced clinical scientists who can demonstrate the rich variety of techniques in epidemiology and statistics for reviewing existing publications, structuring a clinical study, and analyzing the resulting data.

Download or read book Complementary Feeding Interventions for Infants and Young Children Under Age 2 written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2024-06-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complementary feeding refers to the introduction of foods other than human milk or formula to an infants diet. In response to a request from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Academies Health and Medicine Division convened the Committee on Complementary Feeding Interventions for Infants and Young Children under Age 2 to conduct a consensus study scoping review of peer-reviewed literature and other publicly available information on interventions addressing complementary feeding of infants and young children. The interventions studied took place in the U.S. and other high-income country health care systems; early care and education settings; university cooperative extension programs; the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); home visiting programs; and other settings. This consensus study report summarizes evidence and provides information on interventions that could be scaled up or implemented at a community or state level.

Download or read book Public Health and Nutrition in Developing Countries Part I and II written by Sheila Chander Vir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 1253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents an update on public health and nutrition problems of developing countries with a description of approaches used and efficiency of trials undertaken for addressing these. Additionally, it highlights the experiences emerging from up-scaling intervention programme planning and implementation.

Download or read book Research Methods for Anthropological Studies of Food and Nutrition written by Janet Chrzan and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic increase in all things food in popular and academic fields during the last two decades has generated a diverse and dynamic set of approaches for understanding the complex relationships and interactions that determine how people eat and how diet affects culture. These volumes offer a comprehensive reference for students and established scholars interested in food and nutrition research in Nutritional and Biological Anthropology, Archaeology, Socio-Cultural and Linguistic Anthropology, Food Studies and Applied Public Health.

Download or read book Food Research written by Janet Chrzan and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biocultural and archaeological research on food, past and present, often relies on very specific, precise, methods for data collection and analysis. These are presented here in a broad-based review. Individual chapters provide opportunities to think through the adoption of methods by reviewing the history of their use along with a discussion of research conducted using those methods. A case study from the author's own work is included in each chapter to illustrate why the methods were adopted in that particular case along with abundant additional resources to further develop and explore those methods.

Download or read book Behavior Change Intervention Research in Infant and Young Child Feeding written by Amanda Assaro Zongrone and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior change interventions (BCIs) have been used to improve infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices with varying success. This may result from inadequate consideration of determinants of behavior, including "caregiver capabilities." We aimed to: 1) examine the extent to which caregiver capabilities are considered in research on complementary feeding BCIs in low- and middle-income countries, 2) describe IYCF trajectories from 0 to 11 months of age and explore caregiver decisions at critical IYCF junctures, and 3) examine the role of caregiver self-efficacy for complementary feeding as part of a program impact pathway to improved behaviors. We conducted a scoping study of the peer-reviewed complementary feeding BCI literature (objective 1); used ethnographic methods to collect and analyze in-depth qualitative longitudinal interviews from the process evaluation the Alive & Thrive BCI in Bangladesh (objective 2); and conducted structural equation modeling to test the direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy for two complementary feeding behaviors (objective 3) using survey data from a process evaluation of the Alive & iii Thrive BCI in Bangladesh. In the scoping study (objective 1), we found that caregiver capabilities are rarely mentioned, intervened on, or measured in BCI research on complementary feeding, revealing considerable gaps in this literature. In the study of IYCF trajectories (objective 2), we observed substantial intra-cultural diversity, resulting from a combination of child, caregiver, and household factors, suggesting no normative longitudinal patterns for IYCF in this study population. We identified consequential junctures in IYCF, "decision moments," that determined each child's IYCF trajectory. These findings indicate the value of individually tailored interventions to effectively target decision moments. The Alive & Thrive BCI improved two complementary feeding behaviors that we analyzed (objective 3). For one behavior, feeding green leafy vegetables, the BCI operated though self-efficacy and mothers with greater selfefficacy were more likely to practice this behavior. For the second behavior, on-time introduction of egg, the BCI did not work through self-efficacy, likely due to women's lack of resources, autonomy, and access to markets. The use of multiple methods advanced our understanding of intervention pathways and highlighted the important roles of caregiver capabilities in this context. iv.

Download or read book Effective Delivery of Integrated Interventions in Early Childhood Innovations in Evidence Use Monitoring Evaluation and Learning written by Jane Fisher and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2003 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WHO and UNICEF jointly developed this global strategy to focus world attention on the impact that feeding practices have on the nutritional status, growth and development, health, and thus the very survival of infants and young children. The strategy is the result of a comprehensive two-year participatory process. It is based on the evidence of nutrition's significance in the early months and years of life, and of the crucial role that appropriate feeding practices play in achieving optimal health outcomes. The strategy is intended as a guide for action; it identifies interventions with a proven positive impact; it emphasizes providing mothers and families the support they need to carry out their crucial roles, and it explicitly defines the obligations and responsibilities in this regards of governments, international organizations, and other concerned parties.

Download or read book Issues in Complementary Feeding written by Carlo Agostoni and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication covers a wide range of topics connected with the concepts of complementary feeding. To start with, the focus is on breastfed infants as reference, looking at human milk as a model for the development of optimal foods in the complementary feeding period. The nutritional safety and quality of complementary foods, as well as the role of cereals, meat, dairy fermented products and local resources are discussed next, together with the possible implications for the use of functional nutrients. Within this context, the dietary requirements of children with certain medical conditions (from malnourished infants to those suffering from food allergy or celiac disease) are critically reassessed in the light of most recent observations. The presentations, coming from developing and transition to well-developed countries, remind us that the complementary feeding recommendations are still influenced by a mixture of tradition, history, policy, practice and science, and that any innovation should take into account all these points to be successful. This publication provides pediatricians, neonatologists, nutritionists and dieticians with a complete update on what is known and what is still unknown about the period when complementary feeding is implemented.

Download or read book POSHAN s Abstract Digest on Maternal and Child Nutrition Research Issue 9 written by Avula, Rasmi and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING PRACTICES written by Prof (Dr). Vikas Bhatia and published by Newredmars Education Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2023-04-01 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Odisha has shown progress in many indicators but under-nutrition including hidden hunger still stands as a challenge for the State. Undernutrition is a leading contributor to infant, child and maternal mortality and morbidity. Since malnutrition is indirectly responsible for 69% of child deaths in the country, it is extremely crucial to focus on improving maternal and child nutrition for ensuring their survival and development. My heartfelt congratulations to AIIMS, Bhubaneswar for rolling out a Fellowship Course on Public Health Nutrition through RCAPHN in such a record time. Over the years significantly effective strategies and programmes have been formulated and implemented which have started to yield positive results in reducing malnutrition. Therefore, it is important that every stakeholder who is a part of the system and plays an important role in addressing the issues related to health and nutrition must essentially be aware of the key nutrition actions and interventions. All health care providers who interact with mothers and young children should acquire the basic knowledge and skills on infant and young child feeding principles, management of severe acute malnutrition, iodine deficiency disorder, management of iron deficiency and management of vit-A deficiency. I would like to congratulate all the technical members of RCAPHN involved in developing this comprehensive package on nutrition components and themes which will excel the knowledge of public health students. I encourage all to use this handbook as a commendable resource material. The technical modules on nutrition components will help in enhancing the knowledge and skills of public health functionaries and enable them to understand and implement the interventions successfully.

Download or read book Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review is intended primarily for health professionals and others concerned with nutrition, health and well-being of children. The objective is to provide the background information that is necessary for the development of scientifically sound feeding recommendations and appropriate intervention programmes to enhance children's dietary intake and nutritional status. Although much of the information may be relevent for young children in industrialized countries, the review focuses on the particular needs of children in low-income sttings, and the recommendations hve been formulated with consideration for the economic and environmental constraints that are common in developing countries. [Author] The review is organized in nine sections : 1. Introduction. - 2. Breast-feeding and complementary feeding : a continuum. - 3. Energy required from complementary foods and factors affecting their intake. - 4. Protein and micronutrients required from complementary foods. - 5. Caregiver feeding behaviours. - 6. Food processing safety and quality. - 7. Global data on child-feeding practices. - 8. Programmatic interventions to improve complementary feeding. - 9. Conclusions