Download or read book Use of Underground Facilities to Protect Critical Infrastructures written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-10-29 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Use of Underground Facilities to Protect Critical Infrastructures Summary of a Workshop written by Richard G Little and published by Theclassics.Us. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1998-09 edition. Excerpt: ...a significant role in protecting their masters in the Middle Ages and often included underground tunnels. World War II defensive structures. There are several examples of World War II-era underground defensive facilities. The French constructed the 235-kilometer Maginot Line to stop any possible German invasions. It included defensive bunkers that were six or seven levels deep and stored ammunition, bunking, messing, emergency supplies, electric generators, and other essentials. A very large defensive structure was built on Gibraltar from which the allies could control the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. It also provided a platform to mount attacks against Nazis in the area. It included miles of tunnels and hospitals, ammunition storage, ship supplies, repair shops, workshops, and headquarters space. World War II industries. During the war, the Germans began to use worked-out mines to relocate some of their military industries because of intense allied bombing. They were also trying to build weapons of mass destruction underground. The V-2 missile was assembled and launched from an underground facility with a hardened concrete dome 5-meters thick. In addition to the V-2 launch sites, many of the German submarine pens also were hardened. The allies developed 12,000-to 22,000-pound bombs to attack such hardened facilities. Cold War era. In the Cold War era, the Swedes deployed soldiers underground--a Scandinavian response to the probable exchange of nuclear weapons between the Soviet Union and the United States. These facilities were similar in design to fallout shelters. Sweden publicized its reasons for going underground, and Scandinavia in general developed a defense-oriented underground construction industry. Consequently, there...

Download or read book North American Tunneling 2002 written by Levent Ozdemir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes the papers presented at the North American Tunneling 2002 Conference. The papers deal with three major aspects of underground construction: managing construction projects; public policy and underground facilities; and advances in technology.

Download or read book Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency written by Betty Biringer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security protections for critical infrastructure nodes are intended to minimize the risks resulting from an initiating event, whether it is an intentional malevolent act or a natural hazard. With an emphasis on protecting an infrastructure's ability to perform its mission or function, Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency presents a practical methodology for developing an effective protection system that can either prevent undesired events or mitigate the consequences of such events. Developed at Sandia National Labs, the authors’ analytical approach and methodology enables decision-makers and security experts to perform and utilize risk assessments in a manner that extends beyond the theoretical to practical application. These protocols leverage expertise in modeling dependencies—optimizing system resiliency for effective physical protection system design and consequence mitigation. The book begins by focusing on the design of protection strategies to enhance the robustness of the infrastructure components. The authors present risk assessment tools and necessary metrics to offer guidance to decision-makers in applying sometimes limited resources to reduce risk and ensure operational resiliency. Our critical infrastructure is vast and made up of many component parts. In many cases, it may not be practical or affordable to secure every infrastructure node. For years, experts—as a part of the risk assessment process—have tried to better identify and distinguish higher from lower risks through risk segmentation. In the second section of the book, the authors present examples to distinguish between high and low risks and corresponding protection measures. In some cases, protection measures do not prevent undesired events from occurring. In others, protection of all infrastructure components is not feasible. As such, this section describes how to evaluate and design resilience in these unique scenarios to manage costs while most effectively ensuring infrastructure system protection. With insight from the authors’ decades of experience, this book provides a high-level, practical analytical framework that public and private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure can use to better understand and evaluate infrastructure security strategies and policies. Strengthening the entire homeland security enterprise, the book presents a significant contribution to the science of critical infrastructure protection and resilience.

Download or read book North American Tunneling 2004 written by Levent Ozdemir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-04-01 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication includes papers from the North American Tunneling 2004 conference, sponsored by the American Underground Construction Association. The theme of the conference is "Underground Construction - the Sensible Solution to Urban Problems" to reflect the increasing importance of locating urban facilities in the United States underground for enhanced security, to build critical infrastructure where it is needed and to improve the function of urban areas. The papers are grouped in four major themes: - Management of Underground Projects - Public Policy and Underground Projects - Advances in Technology - Case Studies: Trials, Tribulation and Triumphs in Tunneling This work should benefit everyone involved in any aspect of infrastructure, tunneling and underground construction.

Download or read book Information assurance trends in vulnerabilities threats and technologies written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the missions of the Center for Technology and National Security Policy at National Defense University is to study the transformation of America's military and to explore the consequences of the information revolution. To further this mission, National Defense University, in collaboration with The Center for Public Policy and Private Enterprise of the University of Maryland's School of Public Affairs, brought together leaders in the fields of military and commercial technology. The purpose of the meeting was to gain insight into the risks and vulnerabilities inherent in the use of information technology on the battlefield and in military systems. This volume presents the results of that workshop. This volume examines threats and vulnerabilities in the following four areas: (1) physical attacks on critical information nodes; (2) electromagnetic attacks against ground, airborne, or space-based information assets; (3) cyber attacks against information systems; and (4) attacks and system failures made possible by the increased level of complexity inherent in the multiplicity of advanced systems. Chapters are as follows: "Trends in Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Technologies," by Jacques S. Gansler and William Lucyshyn; "Physical Vulnerabilities of Critical Information Systems," by Robert H. Anderson; "Physical Vulnerabilities Exposed at the National Training Center," by Colonel John D. Rosenberger; "Dealing with Physical Vulnerabilities," by Bruce W. MacDonald; "Vulnerabilities to Electromagnetic Attack of Defense Information Systems," by John M. Borky; "Vulnerabilities to Electromagnetic Attack of the Civil Infrastructure," by Donald C. Latham; "Trends in Cyber Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures," by Michael A. Vatis; "Enhancing Cyber Security for the Warfighter," by Sean R. Finnegan; "Complexity of Network Centric Warfare," by Stanley B. Alterman; and "Difficulties with Network Centric Warfare," by Charles Perrow.

Download or read book Information Assurance written by Jacques S. Gansler and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Underground Structures of the Cold War written by Paul Ozorak and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A vivid reminder of the ever-present threat of a global apocalypse that formed the backdrop to the Cold War. This is an excellent book.” —History of War Medieval castles, the defensive systems of the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the trenches and bunkers of the First World War, the great citadels of the Second World War—all these have been described in depth. But the fortifications of the Cold War—the hidden forts of the nuclear age—have not been catalogued and studied in the same way. Paul Ozorak’s Underground Structures of the Cold War: The World Below fills the gap. After the devastation caused by the atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the outbreak of the Cold War, all over the world shelters were constructed deep underground for civilians, government leaders and the military. Wartime structures were taken over and adapted and thousands of men went to work drilling new tunnels and constructing bunkers of every possible size. At the height of the Cold War, in some countries an industry of bunker-makers profited from the public’s fear of annihilation. Paul Ozorak describes when and where these bunkers were built, and records what has become of them. He explains how they would have been used if a nuclear war had broken out, and in the case of weapons bases, he shows how these weapons would have been deployed. His account covers every sort of facility—public shelters, missile sites, command and communication centers, storage depots, hospitals. A surprising amount of information has appeared in the media about these places since the end of the Cold War, and Paul Ozorak’s book takes full advantage of it.

Download or read book ISC Security Design Criteria for New Federal Office Buildings and Major Modernization Projects written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-16 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 1999, GSA and the U.S. Department of State convened a symposium to discuss the apparently conflicting objectives of security from terrorist attack and the design of public buildings in an open society. The symposium sponsors rejected the notion of rigid, prescriptive design approaches. The symposium concluded with a challenge to the design and security professions to craft aesthetically appealing architectural solutions that achieve balanced, performance-based approaches to both openness and security. In response to a request from the Office of the Chief Architect of the Public Buildings Service, the National Research Council (NRC) assembled a panel of independent experts, the Committee to Review the Security Design Criteria of the Interagency Security Committee. This committee was tasked to evaluate the ISC Security Design Criteria to determine whether particular provisions might be too prescriptive to allow a design professional "reasonable flexibility" in achieving desired security and physical protection objectives.

Download or read book Managing Critical Infrastructure Risks written by Igor Linkov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-17 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a state-of-the-science approach to current environmental security threats and infrastructure vulnerabilities. It emphasizes beliefs that the convergence of seemingly disparate viewpoints and often uncertain and limited information is possible only by using one or more available risk assessment methodologies and decision-making tools such as risk assessment and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA).

Download or read book Stages of Emergency written by Tracy C. Davis and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era defined by the threat of nuclear annihilation, Western nations attempted to prepare civilian populations for atomic attack through staged drills, evacuations, and field exercises. In Stages of Emergency the distinguished performance historian Tracy C. Davis investigates the fundamentally theatrical nature of these Cold War civil defense exercises. Asking what it meant for civilians to be rehearsing nuclear war, she provides a comparative study of the civil defense maneuvers conducted by three NATO allies—the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom—during the 1950s and 1960s. Delving deep into the three countries’ archives, she analyzes public exercises involving private citizens—Boy Scouts serving as mock casualties, housewives arranging home protection, clergy training to be shelter managers—as well as covert exercises undertaken by civil servants. Stages of Emergency covers public education campaigns and school programs—such as the ubiquitous “duck and cover” drills—meant to heighten awareness of the dangers of a possible attack, the occupancy tests in which people stayed sequestered for up to two weeks to simulate post-attack living conditions as well as the effects of confinement on interpersonal dynamics, and the British first-aid training in which participants acted out psychological and physical trauma requiring immediate treatment. Davis also brings to light unpublicized government exercises aimed at anticipating the global effects of nuclear war. Her comparative analysis shows how the differing priorities, contingencies, and social policies of the three countries influenced their rehearsals of nuclear catastrophe. When the Cold War ended, so did these exercises, but, as Davis points out in her perceptive afterword, they have been revived—with strikingly similar recommendations—in response to twenty-first-century fears of terrorists, dirty bombs, and rogue states.

Download or read book Common defense against uncommon threats the federal role in critical infrastructure protection report of the President s Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Critical Infrastructure Protection Program written by Alexander Edward Richard Woodcock and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Approach as Sine Qua Non for Critical Infrastructure Protection written by D. Čaleta and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world in which we live is becoming ever more complex, both from the viewpoint of ensuring security, and also because of our level of dependence on technology, as represented by so-called critical infrastructure. Despite the efforts of national security entities in the national and international context, terrorist attacks will probably never be completely preventable. This makes it necessary to prepare the functioning of our systems for the occurrence of a terrorist attack so that they will operate quickly and effectively even in this type of crisis. This book presents the papers delivered at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop: Managing Terrorism Threats to Critical Infrastructure – Challenges for South Eastern Europe, held in Belgrade, Serbia in May 2014. The book is divided into five sections: strategic environment and critical infrastructure protection; information security and counterterrorism considerations; terrorist threats to critical infrastructure operation – environmental aspects; energy security as a key factor of critical infrastructure protection; and national approaches to critical infrastructure protection. The book highlights the main dilemmas and challenges of managing terrorist threats in the region of South Eastern Europe, and will be of interest to all those whose work involves protecting critical infrastructure from the threat of terrorist attack.

Download or read book Critical Infrastructure Assurance Guidelines for Municipal Governments Planning for Electric Power Disruptions written by Chicago Metropolitan Area Critical Infrastructure Protection Program and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic prosperity and the well-being of our nation's communities depend on the reliable functioning of critical infrastructures: transportation, banking and finance, information and communications, water supply systems, emergency services, and especially energy (electric power, oil, and natural gas). In the new economy, these infrastructures are increasingly reliant on information technologies and are strongly affected by restructuring and other market forces. They are much more heavily interconnected than ever before, and disruptions in one system can have significant adverse consequences, both locally and regionally. Communities often are not well prepared to deal with widespread infrastructure failures, which could become commonplace in the new millennium. This report, prepared on behalf of the partnership, is a first-of-a-kind effort to compile this type of information on the electric power system in a form that municipal governments can use and adapt to local conditions. ComEd and Harza Engineering Company have provided valuable support for this effort. Argonne National Laboratory's Infrastructure Assurance Center compiled and integrated the planning information.

Download or read book Critical Space Infrastructures written by Alexandru Georgescu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the topical area of CSI: critical space infrastructure, which is defined as an emerging domain of systems-of-systems encompassing hardware, workforce, environment, facilities, business and organizational entities. Further, it includes unmanned air systems, satellites, rockets, space probes, and orbital stations, and involves multi-directional interactions essential for maintenance of vital societal functions (i.e., health, safety, economic and social well-being), the loss or disruption of which would have significant impact on virtually any nation. The topics covered include the main elements of CSI, CSI taxonomy, effects of CSI on other infrastructure systems, establishing quantitative and qualitative parameters, global and national effects of CSI failure, cascading disruptive phenomena, chilling effects in various fields, CSI protection, deliberate threats to space systems (e.g., electromagnetic pulse attacks), space governance, and a path forward for CSI research. Modern society is highly dependent on the continuous operation of critical infrastructure systems for the supply of crucial goods and services including, among others, the power supply, drinking water supply, and transportation systems; yet space systems – which are critical enablers for several commercial, scientific and military applications – are rarely discussed. This book addresses this gap.

Download or read book International CIIP Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An inventory of protection policies in eight countries.