Download or read book Use of Granular Activated Carbon to Remove Trace Organics from the Effluent of a Class B Refinery written by Richard D. Flotard and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Use of Granular Acivated Carbon to Remove Trace Organics from the Effluent of a Class B Refinery written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recent study by Raphaelian and Harrison (1978) at SOHIO's Toledo refinery demonstrated that the activated sludge biological treatment system reduced concentrations of trace organic compounds in the waste water by over 99%. Addition of a pilot-scale mixed media filter and granular activated carbon (GAC) filter produced additional removals ranging from 12 to 98% for those compounds that could be quantified. The estimated cost of adding a full-scale GAC system to the SOHIO refinery is $6,800,000. The yearly operational cost for an 8.6 MGD flow is $1,720,000, including amortization, and the annual energy requirement is estimated at 12.775 x 106 kwh(e); this is equivalent to 2.2 x 104 bbl crude oil, or 0.0503% of average annual refinery throughput.
Download or read book Trace Organics Variation Across the Wastewater Treatment System of a Class B Refinery written by L. A. Raphaelian and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Organics Variation Across the Wastewater Treatment System of a Class B Refinery and Estimate of Removal of Refractory Organics by Add on Mixed media Filtration and Granular Activated Carbon at Pilot Scale written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater at SOHIO's Toledo refinery was sampled every four hours for four successive days in December 1976. Effluents from the full-scale system (dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) unit and final clarifier for the activated-sludge unit) and an add-on pilot-scale unit (mixed-media filter and activated-carbon columns) were sampled for analysis of common wastewater parameters and trace organic compounds. Grab samples taken every four hours were composited daily. Organics were isolated into acid, base, and neutral fractions. Four-day composites of these daily extracts were analyzed by capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Some 304 compounds were identified in the neutral fraction of the DAF effluent and removal of these organics by the activated-sludge and add-on treatment units was estimated. Numerous data for the approximate concentration of organic compounds are presented. Common wastewater parameters are also presented for comparison to specific organics concentration data. The activated-sludge unit removed aromatic compounds better than it did nonaromatics whereas the activated-carbon unit was better at removal of nonaromatic compounds. Average percentage removal of those organics present in the DAF effluent was greater than 99 percent (activated sludge), approximately 0 percent (mixed-media filter), and less than 1 percent (activated carbon). Of the approximately 1 percent of trace organics remaining in the final-clarifier effluent, 81 percent (by weight) were removed by the activated carbon. Because of variations in extraction efficiencies, amount of sample injected, losses on the GC column and transfer lines, and other sources of error, these are only approximate removal estimates.
Download or read book Assessment of Activated Carbon for Environmental Control of Trace Organics in Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Granular Vs Powdered written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrywide dollar costs and energy impacts are assessed for (1) granular activated carbon (GAC) in a continuous flow-through system and (2) powdered activated carbon (PAC) fed to an activated-sludge system, where either treatment option is in addition to 1983 BATEA-model requirements. Attainable trace organic removal levels for any given refinery are based upon data from a Class-B refinery that met wastewater BPCTCA in 1977. Scaling is done by assuming that the same percent COD or TOC must be removed as was removed at the Class-B refinery to achieve a like trace-organics removal level. Nationwide application of GAC technology would cost $445 million (capital cost) and $127 million for annual operation (1977 $ basis); corresponding PAC costs are $172 million (capital) and $82 million (annual). Estimated annual energy impacts are: GAC = 2.35 x 10/sup 6/ bbl crude oil (0.44% of annual throughput) and PAC = 5.26 x 10/sup 5/ bbl crude oil (0.0097% annual throughput). PAC technology should be considered for trace organics control throughout the petroleum refining industry and pilot studies should be done to answer outstanding questions. In addition to more favorable capital, operating, and energy costs, major advantages of PAC over GAC include flexibility in varying carbon type and dose, and minimization of the possibility of upset of the activated-sludge process.
Download or read book Energy Environmental Systems Division EES Publications 1968 1986 written by Argonne National Laboratory. Energy and Environmental Systems Division and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPA 600 7 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Organics Removal by Granular Activated Carbon written by Ramin Nur and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Division of Environmental Control Technology Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications 1968 to 1985 written by Argonne National Laboratory. Energy and Environmental Systems Division and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications a Quarterly Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Granular Actived Carbon Adsorption and Aquaculture for Removing Toxic Compounds from Treated Petroleum Refinery Effuents i e Effluents written by John E. Matthews and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPA Publications Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
