Download or read book USAF Civil Reserve Air Fleet Aeromedical Evacuation Airlift Capability written by Donald R. Wilhite and published by . This book was released on 1996-05-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense, USAF, and Air Mobility Command (AMC) rely on the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) to provide supplemental airlift in times of national emergency. AMC oversees the CRAF program which contains three segments: international, national, and aeromedical evacuation. The CRAF aeromedical Evacuation (AE) program involves commercial B-767 aircraft, Aeromedical Evacuation Shipsets (AESS), a Casualty Transfer System, and a large number of support personnel and equipment. Wartime planning in the early 198Os revealed a significant shortage of military airlift to accomplish the aeromedical evacuation mission. Consequently the CRAF AE program was initiated. Planning for Major Regional Conflict scenarios has currently set a requirement for 25 and 44 B-767 aircraft for CRAF Stages II and III, respectively. Unfortunately AMC has not been able to acquire full commitment to the CRAF AE program. In addition, the CRAF AE program has been beleaguered by a number of problems which have continually kept capability of the overall system low. This graduate research paper provides a comprehensive review of the AE shortfall issue from beginning to the present with recommendations and conclusions for the near future.
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by Soren M. Jonsson and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides background and analyses on the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) which was created by executive order in 1951. As a result, the Departments of Commerce (DOC) and Defense (DOD) formulated a contingency plan to meet the nation's airlift needs in times of crisis. When the Department of Transportation (DOT) was created, it assumed DOC's role in the CRAF program, and today, DOD and DOT work together to manage the CRAF program. The CRAF supports DOD airlift requirements in emergencies when the need for airlift exceeds the capability of the military aircraft fleet. All CRAF participants must be U.S. carriers fully certified by the Federal Aviation Administration, and meet the stringent standards of Federal Aviation Regulations pertaining to commercial airlines. The CRAF has three main segments: international, national, and aeromedical evacuation. The international segment is further divided into the long-range and short-range sections and the national segment into the domestic and Alaskan sections. Assignment of aircraft to a segment depends on the nature of the requirement and the performance characteristics needed.
Download or read book BC 17 written by Douglas K. Lamberth and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) is the heart of the nation's strategic airlift capability. In the words of General Norton A. Schwartz, Commander of United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) in his March 2007 address to the House Armed Services Committee, "A critical partner in our nation's ability to project and sustain forces is a viable Civil Reserve Air Fleet". It supplements Air Mobility Command's organic airlift force, which is insufficient in and of itself to meet the airlift needs of the combatant commanders during contingencies while satisfying its normal peacetime commitments. Capable of providing over 90 percent of troop-carrying capability, over 40 percent of cargo-carrying capability, and 100 percent of aeromedical evacuation capability, America's heavy reliance on the commercial airline industry is reflected in the National Security Decision Directive (NSDD) 280 and Joint Staff war plans. An inherent shortfall of the CRAF, however, is that of the 1,364 aircraft enrolled in the program (as of May 2007), none have the ability to carry outsized cargo. In fact, there are very few aircraft in the world with this capability. The only two within the US are the C-17 and C-5, both purely military platforms. Considering oversized and outsized equipment amounted to 85 percent of the cargo carried during the first Gulf War, the projected closure of C-17 production, C-5 modernization problems, and the Air Force' heavy reliance on the CRAF during contingencies, it is a very real concern for Pentagon officials in managing America's future strategic airlift force."--Abstract from web site.
Download or read book The Use of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet in Evacuation of Battlefield Casualties An Evaluation written by R. E. Thomas and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an attempt to bring some relief to the strategic military aeromedical evacuation system, the suggestion has been made that aircraft belonging to the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) could be used. The potential for utilization of the CRAF for medevac is excellent, due to the size and composition of the fleet. With 323 airplanes in the long-range international part of the CRAF, all of the wartime troop deployment and medevac demands could be met, and the ability of the strategic airlift system to handle large and oversized cargo would thus be increased. In this study, the call-up of the CRAF for aeromedical evacuation was prioritized, a two-litter stanchion system was designed for the CRAF and/or Military Airlift Command aircraft, and necessary equipment was identified for a carry-on palletized system vs. an expensive aircraft modification system. Keywords: Airevac; casualties evacuated in war; evacuation of wounded; litters for wounded in CRAF; medevac; and military airlift of wounded.
Download or read book The Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) program is designed to provide the Department of Defense (DOD) with commercial aircraft to augment military airlift during peacetime and wartime emergencies. CRAF is composed of civil air carriers that contract not only their aircraft but also their operating and support personnel and facilities. The program is economically feasible because it provides DOD with emergency airlift capability without buying the aircraft, paying personnel costs, or flying and maintaining aircraft during peacetime. Since its inception in 1952, CRAF has been tested numerous times in exercises designed to evaluate its responsiveness to airlift emergencies without actually activating the fleet. The most recent comprehensive exercise, Scarlet Scarf, showed that normal peacetime airlift management procedures for CRAF were adequate for management in wartime. Improvements instituted as a result of the exercise should assure continued responsiveness of the program. The Military Airlift Command has identified 220 airfields in or near North America, Europe, and the Eastern Pacific that are suitable, to some extent, for CRAF operations. Considering military and civilian assets, it appears that equipment will be available and adequate to support CRAF operations. Major CRAF modification programs are being directed toward production of wide-body passenger-type aircraft. Action is being taken to ensure the availability of NATO civil aircraft in emergencies. (RRS)
Download or read book Air Force Doctrine Document 3 17 written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-22 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Air Force provides unique warfighting capabilities that are essential to joint operations. Foremost among these capabilities is the ability to rapidly focus American combat power and lifesaving resources anywhere on the planet. Frequently, and especially in the opening stages of a conflict, air and space power may be the main manifestation of combat power we bring to bear against an adversary. Contents: Chapter One - An Introduction To Air Mobility * Chapter Two - Organization And Command & Control (C2) * Chapter Three - Airlift * Chapter Four - Air Refueling * Chapter Five - Air Mobility Support * Chapter Six - Air Mobility Planning * Chapter Seven - Aeromedical Evacuation. Topics covered include the Air Reserve Component (ARC), Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF), Air National Guard (ANG), Airlift, Air Refueling, aeromedical evacuation, Operation VITTLES, Operation SWIFT FREEDOM, Operation JUST CAUSE, Operation ENDURING FREEDOM - HUMRO. Of these capabilities, the Air Force provides a very singular form of power: the ability to rapidly position and sustain forces at places and times of our choosing. This pivotal capability-air mobility-is the essential ingredient for modern US expeditionary operations and supports joint force commander-desired effects to deter, dissuade, or destroy the enemy. Force projection provides for presence, mass and maneuver, surprise, security and economy. It is the sum of an impressive fleet of transport and aerial refueling aircraft, underpinned by a flexible support system, and operated by a specialized cadre of active duty Air Force, Air Force Reserve, Air National Guard, and Air Force civilian personnel. While other forms of American military power have some degree of inherent mobility, the scale of flexibility and responsiveness of the Air Force's air mobility forces is singular in the history of world conflict. We must understand and apply our doctrine in order to succeed in current and future challenges. To do this smoothly and consistently, our planning and employment must be clearly understood and, most importantly, repeatable. To make that happen, we have captured our best practices in doctrine documents such as this one. We must learn and practice our own doctrine. We must understand what it means to be an Airman and be able to articulate what air and space power, and especially air mobility, can bring to the joint fight. Every Airman should read, discuss, and practice doctrine, and to ensure that it adapts as necessary to remain applicable in our changing environment.
Download or read book Military Airlift Changes Underway to Ensure Continued Success of Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report responds to your request that we evaluate the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) program. The CRAF program was designed to provide the Department of Defense (DOD) with access to commercial aircraft to augment military airlift during emergencies. CRAF aircraft performed a vital role in Operation Desert Shield/Storm by transporting nearly two-thirds of the soldiers and one-quarter of their associated airlifted cargo to the Middle East. Specifically, we reviewed (1) the lessons learned from the first-ever activation of CRAF from both the government's and commercial carriers' perspectives and (2) the changes to the CRAF program being considered to reflect DOD's force restructuring in response to a new world political climate. CRAF is an important, yet relatively inexpensive, component of the Air Force's airlift capability. If used fully, the CRAF program can provide over 30 percent of the Air Force's cargo airlift capability and over 90 percent of its passenger airlift capability. Because of the program, the government does not incur the large costs of acquiring and supporting a large fleet of Air Force aircraft during peacetime. DOD pays for the airlift as it is used and at predetermined compensation rates.
Download or read book The Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) program is designed to provide the Department of Defense (DOD) with commercial aircraft to augment military airlift during peacetime and wartime emergencies. CRAF is composed of civil air carriers that contract not only their aircraft but also their operating and support personnel and facilities. The program is economically feasible because it provides DOD with emergency airlift capability without buying the aircraft, paying personnel costs, or flying and maintaining aircraft during peacetime. Since its inception in 1952, CRAF has been tested numerous times in exercises designed to evaluate its responsiveness to airlift emergencies without actually activating the fleet. The most recent comprehensive exercise, Scarlet Scarf, showed that normal peacetime airlift management procedures for CRAF were adequate for management in wartime. Improvements instituted as a result of the exercise should assure continued responsiveness of the program. The Military Airlift Command has identified 220 airfields in or near North America, Europe, and the Eastern Pacific that are suitable, to some extent, for CRAF operations. Considering military and civilian assets, it appears that equipment will be available and adequate to support CRAF operations. Major CRAF modification programs are being directed toward production of wide-body passenger-type aircraft. Action is being taken to ensure the availability of NATO civil aircraft in emergencies. (RRS).
Download or read book Emergency Airlift written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO reviewed the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) program to determine whether: (1) the Department of Defense's (DOD) efforts to ensure that CRAF was ready for mobilization were sufficient and effective; and (2) commercial carriers were prepared to support CRAF aircraft, particularly at foreign airfields. GAO found that it was uncertain whether CRAF could effectively meet DOD mobilization requirements because: (1) Military Airlift Command (MAC) tests of the program through simulation and field exercises were very limited; (2) DOD had provided limited mobilization planning data to CRAF carriers, making it very difficult for the carriers to plan for utilization of the system in an emergency; (3) MAC had not sufficiently monitored carrier compliance with contract provisions designed to help ensure effective mobilization; and (4) the incompatibility of data communications services at some military airfields with existing commercial services could hinder effective communications. GAO also found that, at overseas airfields, CRAF might not get the support needed because responsible carriers were unaware of the estimated work load for each location. Having allies provide this support under host-nation support agreements is an option that DOD is pursuing.
Download or read book Aeromedical Evacuation Validating Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strategic requirement of the Aeromedical Evacuation (AE) segment of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) has never been formally tested and validated during an actual joint or interagency exercise or operation. Research indicates that January 2002 was the last internal Air Force (AF) test for CRAF AE; there were no external agencies or services involved in the exercise. The realized benefit for CRAF engagement during a formal Department of Defense (DoD) national level exercise (NLE) would be extremely valuable in that multipleinteragency coordination would be affected during the activation process. When formally planned, funded, and exercised with minimal artificialities, participants may identify changes resulting from current global transportation requirements. The degradation of our economy and cost benefit (incentives) to participants may place stress on the process as well. While the CRAF AE segment no doubt is vital to DoD patient movement (PM) augmentation, a program of strategic importance and scope must be periodically exercised, updated, and validated. This paper discusses the history and development of the AE segment, last test of the system, identified shortfalls, current program conflicts, and future opportunities to formally validate CRAF AE. Not only would the aircraft, AE crews and PM teams and equipment be exercised, but the activation process for CRAF AE would be validated. Moreover, DoD interaction with civil authorities and federal agencies would realize the rare benefit of joint participation; that in itself is a win-win situation. Finally, this paper will conclude that there is a compelling necessity for DoD to periodically validate CRAF AE and offer recommendations for future exercise development.
Download or read book Finding the Right Mix of Military and Civil Airlift Executive summary written by J. R. Gebman and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1994 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intertheater airlift provides the Department of Defense with the ability to deliver combat forces or humanitarian relief rapidly anywhere in the world and to respond quickly to changing circumstances. But the national security strategy is being adapted to fit a changing world, and budget constraints are increasing. Military airlift is more costly than civil airlift, but military airlift has advantages that civil airlift cannot provide. Given the various advantages and disadvantages of different military and civil aircraft, what combination would most cost effectively meet the intertheater airlift needs of today's Air Force? To maintain necessary capacity, there is a need for some shift in the mix toward the civil-style transport. To maintain necessary flexibility, there is a need to limit the amount of that shift and, at least initially, a need for the Air Force to be the operator of any civil-style transports that might replace retiring C-141s. Another important dimension, however, is to use the chosen mix to its fullest potential. The study and its findings are summarized in Volume 1 and are discussed more fully in Volume 2; this volume provides supporting appendixes.
Download or read book Finding the Right Mix of Military and Civil Airlift Analysis written by J. R. Gebman and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intertheater airlift provides the Department of Defense with the ability to deliver combat forces or humanitarian relief rapidly anywhere in the world and to respond quickly to changing circumstances. But the national security strategy is being adapted to fit a changing world, and budget constraints are increasing. Military airlift is more costly than civil airlift, but military airlift has advantages that civil airlift cannot provide. Given the various advantages and disadvantages of different military and civil aircraft, what combination would most cost effectively meet the intertheater airlift needs of today's Air Force? To maintain necessary capacity, there is a need for some shift in the mix toward the civil-style transport. To maintain necessary flexibility, there is a need to limit the amount of that shift and, at least initially, a need for the Air Force to be the operator of any civil-style transports that might replace retiring C-141s. Another important dimension, however, is to use the chosen mix to its fullest potential. The study and its findings are summarized in Volume 1 and are discussed more fully in Volume 2; this volume provides supporting appendixes.
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by William H. Sessoms and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on American experience dealing with both the Berlin Airlift and the Korean War, it became apparent that the Department of Defense did not possess enough organic airlift capability to meet the full range of possible contingency needs facing the nation. In 1951 President Truman signed Executive Order 10219 bringing into being the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF). The voluntary CRAF program effectively marshals the full range of national airlift assets, civilian and military, to meet national contingency needs. Organized in three stages, CRAF augments the organic military airlift assets of the Military Airlift Command with over 500 commercial airliners drawn from U.S. industry. Although the CRAF program became a cornerstone of the nation's strategic mobility programs, it remained untested until 17 August 1990 when it was activated to support OPERATION DESERT SHIELD and OPERATION DESERT STORM. In its first activation, CRAF flew over 5,400 missions. With its first activation, predictably, some problems did surface, but the concept proved viable. This study reviews the mechanics of the program, some of the lessons learned from the initial activation, and provides recommendations for the future.
Download or read book Analysis and Evaluation of Current Challenges in the Aeromedical Evacuation Mission Segment of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by Dawn D. Richardson and published by . This book was released on 2000-03 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) is a contractual arrangement between Air Mobility Command (AMC) and U.S. air carriers. The agreement states that the airlines will commit a specified number of planes to AMC in return for a portion of peacetime government business. The Aeromedical Evacuation (AE) segment of CRAF is the only segment that requires modification to committed aircraft and, therefore, more risk to the airlines. Up until fiscal year 2000, AMC had never filled its requirements for AE. AMC would like to have more airlines join the AE segment, with each airline providing a few aircraft. This thesis considers the history of the program, lessons learned from previous operations, current strategies, and some alternatives to investigate in order to improve the CRAF AE program and participation by the airlines.
Download or read book Military Airlift written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military Airlift: DOD Should Take Steps to Strengthen Management of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program
Download or read book Maintaining the Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic airlift is vital to meeting the National Security Strategy of protecting the nation's interests throughout the globe. With a decreasing defense budget, the CRAF program is a proven method to provide DoD a relatively inexpensive way to maintain a large airlift capability. This paper investigates and analyzes the thesis that the shift in global business practices and a robust economy, combined with CRAF activation concerns, endangers the future of the CRAF program. Section One begins with a historical overview and current status of the CRAF program. Section Two analyzes two core problems (decreased financial reliance upon DoD and increased likelihood of CRAF activation) generated within the civil air carrier industry and military by recent shifts in both the economic and political environment. Section Three provides recommendations to counter these problems and improve the relationship between DoD and civil air carriers. Finally, Section Four examines areas requiring future study that may potentially prove instrumental in addressing the future of CRAF.
Download or read book Enhancement of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by William G. Palmby and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
