Download or read book Uranium Enrichment Verification by Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by G. M. Krüger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment Verification by Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by G. M. Krüger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment Verification by Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by G. M. Krüger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Guidelines for Gamma ray Spectroscopy Measurements of 235U Enrichment written by L. A. Kull and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accurate Wide range Uranium Enrichment Measurements by Gamma ray Spectroscopy I Characterization of Enrichment Standards II Demonstration of Enrichment Measurement Capability written by J. L. Parker and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment Verifitation by Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by G.M. Krüger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accurate Wide range Uranium Enrichment Measurements by Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by Jack L. Parker and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accurate wide range uranium enrichment measurements by gamma ray spectroscopy characterization of enrichment standards demonstration of enrichment measurement capability written by J. L. Parker and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials written by Doug Reilly and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment Measurements Without Calibration Using Gamma Rays Above 100 KeV written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The verification of UF6 shipping cylinders is an important activity in routine safeguards inspections. Current measurement methods using either sodium-iodide or high-purity germanium detectors require calibrations that are not always appropriate for field measurements, because of changes in geometry or container wall thickness. The introduction of the MGAU code demonstrated the usefulness of intrinsically calibrated measurements for inspections. MGAU uses the 100-keV region of the uranium gamma-ray spectrum. The thick walls of UF6 shipping cylinders and the low-energy analysis preclude the routine use of MGAU for these measurements. We have developed a uranium enrichment measurement method for measurements using high-purity germanium detectors, which do not require calibration, and uranium gamma rays above 100 keV. The method uses seven gamma rays from 235U and 238U to determine their relative detection efficiency intrinsically and with an additional gamma ray from 234U, the relative abundance of these three uranium isotopes. The method uses a function that describes the basic physical processes that predominantly determine the relative detection efficiency curve. These are the detector efficiency, the absorption by the cylinder wall, and the self-absorption by the uranium contents. We will describe this model and initial testing on various uranium materials and detector types.

Download or read book Gamma ray Measurements for Uranium Enrichment Standards written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gamma-ray spectroscopic measurement of uranium enrichment is one of the most widely used nondestructive analysis techniques. A study has been started of the precision and accuracy achievable with this technique and the physical parameters which affect it. The study was prompted by questions raised during the ongoing ESARDA-NBS experiment to produce uranium oxide reference counting materials for the technique. Results reported using a high-quality Ge(Li) spectrometer system show reproducibility comparable to that attainable with mass spectrometry (approximately 0.1% for low enrichment uranium).

Download or read book High resolution Gamma ray Spectrometry in Uranium Exploration written by Robert Morgan Moxham and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Low resolution Gamma ray Measurements of Uranium Enrichment written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Facilities that process special nuclear material perform periodic inventories. In bulk facilities that process low-enriched uranium, these inventories and their audits are based primarily on weight and enrichment measurements. Enrichment measurements determine the 211U weight fraction of the uranium compound from the passive gamma-ray emissions of the sample. Both international inspectors and facility operators rely on the capability to make in-field gamma-ray measurements of uranium enrichment. These users require rapid, portable measurement capability. Some in-field measurements have been biased, forcing the inspectors to resort to high-resolution measurements or mass spectrometry to accomplish their goals.

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment Standards of the Y 12 Nuclear Detection and Sensor Testing Center written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Y-12 National Security Complex has recently fabricated and characterized a new series of metallic uranium standards for use in the Nuclear Detection and Sensor Testing Center (NDSTC). Ten uranium metal disks with enrichments varying from 0.2 to 93.2% 235U were designed to provide researchers access to a wide variety of measurement scenarios in a single testing venue. Special care was taken in the selection of the enrichments in order to closely bracket the definitions of reactor fuel at 4% 235U and that of highly enriched uranium (HEU) at 20% 235U. Each standard is well characterized using analytical chemistry as well as a series of gamma-ray spectrometry measurements. Gamma-ray spectra of these standards are being archived in a reference library for use by customers of the NDSTC. A software database tool has been created that allows for easier access and comparison of various spectra. Information provided through the database includes: raw count data (including background spectra), regions of interest (ROIs), and full width half maximum calculations. Input is being sought from the user community on future needs including enhancements to the spectral database and additional Uranium standards, shielding configurations and detector types. A related presentation are planned for the INMM 53rd Annual Meeting (Hull, et al.), which describe new uranium chemical compound standards and testing opportunities at Y-12 Nuclear Detection and Sensor Testing Center (NDSTC).

Download or read book A Confirmatory Measurement Technique for Highly Enriched Uranium written by J. K. Sprinkle and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation written by Allan S. Krass and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1983, this book presents both the technical and political information necessary to evaluate the emerging threat to world security posed by recent advances in uranium enrichment technology. Uranium enrichment has played a relatively quiet but important role in the history of efforts by a number of nations to acquire nuclear weapons and by a number of others to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. For many years the uranium enrichment industry was dominated by a single method, gaseous diffusion, which was technically complex, extremely capital-intensive, and highly inefficient in its use of energy. As long as this remained true, only the richest and most technically advanced nations could afford to pursue the enrichment route to weapon acquisition. But during the 1970s this situation changed dramatically. Several new and far more accessible enrichment techniques were developed, stimulated largely by the anticipation of a rapidly growing demand for enrichment services by the world-wide nuclear power industry. This proliferation of new techniques, coupled with the subsequent contraction of the commercial market for enriched uranium, has created a situation in which uranium enrichment technology might well become the most important contributor to further nuclear weapon proliferation. Some of the issues addressed in this book are: A technical analysis of the most important enrichment techniques in a form that is relevant to analysis of proliferation risks; A detailed projection of the world demand for uranium enrichment services; A summary and critique of present institutional non-proliferation arrangements in the world enrichment industry, and An identification of the states most likely to pursue the enrichment route to acquisition of nuclear weapons.

Download or read book Stabilized Hand held Gamma ray Verification Instrument for Special Nuclear Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, Los Alamos has developed intelligent, hand-held, search instruments for use by non-specialists to search for special nuclear materials (SNM). The instruments sense SNM by detecting its emitted radiation with scintillation detectors monitored by digital alarm circuitry. Now, we have developed a new hand-held instrument that can verify the presence or absence of particular radioisotopes by analyzing gamma-ray spectra. The new instrument is similar to recent, microprocessor-based, search instruments, but has LED detector stabilization, three adjustable regions-of-interest, and additional operating programs for spectrum analysis. We call the new instrument an SNM verification instrument. Its spectrum analysis capability can verify the presence or absence of specific plutonium isotopes in containers or verify the presence of uranium and its enrichment. The instrument retains the search capability, light weight, and low-power requirement of its predecessors. Its ready portability, detector stabilization, and simple operation allow individuals with little technical training to verify the contents of SNM containers. 5 refs., 5 figs.