Download or read book Ecological Geography of the Sea written by Alan R. Longhurst and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an in-depth discussion of the biological and ecological geography of the oceans. It synthesizes locally restricted studies of the ocean to generate a global geography of the vast marine world.Based on patterns of algal ecology, the book divides the ocean into four primary compartments, which are then subdivided into secondary compartments. *Includes color insert of the latest in satellite imagery showing the world's oceans, their similarities and differences*Revised and updated to reflect the latest in oceanographic research*Ideal for anyone interested in understanding ocean ecology -- accessible and informative

Download or read book Ocean Circulation written by Rui Xin Huang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It provides a concise introduction to the dynamics and thermodynamics of oceanic general circulation.

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-03-27 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book represents all the knowledge we currently have on ocean circulation. It presents an up-to-date summary of the state of the science relating to the role of the oceans in the physical climate system.The book is structured to guide the reader through the wide range of World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) science in a consistent way. Cross-references between contributors have been added, and the book has a comprehensive index and unified reference list.The book is simple to read, at the undergraduate level. It was written by the best scientists in the world who have collaborated to carry out years of experiments to better understand ocean circulation.

Download or read book Ocean Circulation in Three Dimensions written by Barry A. Klinger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative survey of large-scale ocean circulation that links observations, conceptual models, numerical models, and theories.

Download or read book Upper Ocean Circulation written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Upper Ocean Circulation project was based on observations of circulation with drifters, bottom pressure gauges and current meters and the interpretation of these data on basis of conceptual and hydrodynamic models of the mixed layers, mesoscale and their interactions. The focus was in the north-eastern Pacific phenomena. The principal findings were: (1) models demonstrate that mesoscale eddy circulation is significantly changed by the nonlinear interaction of the wind and eddy vorticity.; (2) the eastern Pacific mesoscale is observed to be more important to the dynamics of the propagation of near inertial motions than is the beta effect; (3) a new data set of upper ocean circulation in the California Current was acquired with drifters and moorings. Wind driven motions, both barotropic and Ekman, account for significant part of the variance of circulation and sea level variability; (4) zonal shear on the scale of 1500km and amplitude of 12-15 cm/sec with respect to 1500m was measured in the subtropical Pacific. This phenomenon has yet no theoretical explanation; (5) an eddy resolving, biologically active general circulation model has been configured for the California Current system.

Download or read book Ocean Currents written by Robert Marsh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Currents: Physical Drivers in a Changing World opens with a general introduction to the character, measurement, and simulation of ocean currents, leading to a physical and dynamical framework for understanding the wide variety of flows encountered in the oceans. The book comprises chapters covering distinct aspects of contrasting ocean currents: broad and slow, deep and shallow, narrow and swift, large scale and small scale, low latitudes and high latitudes, and moving in horizontal and vertical planes. Through this approach the authors cover a wide range of applications, from local to global, with considerable geographical context. Provides analyses of ocean observations and numerical model simulations, highlighting the pathways and drift associated with ocean currents, around the World Ocean, linked to online exercises for instructors and students that extend this perspective Presents applications to natural phenomena, showing how ocean currents shape marine ecosystems, helping researchers understand the distribution and adaptation of life in the oceans Addresses societal challenges, specifically how ocean currents disperse pollutants (e.g. plastic) from coastal sources and how the global ocean circulation is central to our changing climate, helping students and researchers develop an interdisciplinary approach to global environmental change

Download or read book The Oceanic Thermohaline Circulation written by Hendrik M. van Aken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-12 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a global hydrographic description of the thermohaline circulation, an introduction to the theoretical aspects of this phenomenon, and observational evidence for the theory. The hydrographic description and the observational evidence are based on data sources available via internet, mainly from the World Oceanographic Experiment (WOCE). The book also offers an introduction to hydrographic analysis and interpretation.

Download or read book The Upper Ocean written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Upper Ocean - a collection of articles from the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, 2nd Edition - reflects the trend toward the interdisciplinary study of oceanography, which integrates the disciplines of biology, chemistry, geology and physics. The upper ocean's contact with the atmosphere profoundly impacts climate, making this reference both timely and critical. The selection of articles - all written by experts in their field - focuses on Air-Sea Transfers; Air-Sea Chemical Exchanges and Cycles; The Sea Surface, Waves and Upper Ocean Processes; Upper Ocean Circulation and Structure; Plankton; Ice; and Measurement Techniques including Remote Sensing.

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by Nikolai Maximenko and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter summarizes the history of and recent progress in observations of surface circulation of the ocean. The description is biased toward Lagrangian drifting buoys and satellite altimetry that, in the authors’ opinion, have revolutionized our understanding of ocean surface currents by providing a high resolution, continuous global view of mesoscale ocean “weather.” We outline the current state of the observing system and characterize geostrophic surface circulation, Ekman currents, and effects of centrifugal force and nonlinear interaction between geostrophic and Ekman currents. This general description is complemented by regional examples, detailing processes in the California Current System, off Senegal, and the Kuroshio interaction with the East and South China Seas. Applications to various tasks, in which surface currents play important role, are illustrated by model simulations of motions of marine debris, including debris generated by the 2011 tsunami in Japan. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of the next tasks needed to improve understanding of the dynamics of the surface ocean circulation.

Download or read book The upper ocean circulation written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by Jennifer MacKinnon and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diapycnal mixing in the ocean interior is driven by a wide range of processes, each with distinct governing physics and unique global geography. Here we review the primary processes responsible for turbulent mixing in the ocean interior, with an emphasis on active work from the past decade. We conclude with a discussion of global patterns of mixing and their importance for regional and large-scale modeling accuracy.

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 893 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book represents all the knowledge we currently have on ocean circulation. It presents an up-to-date summary of the state of the science relating to the role of the oceans in the physical climate system. The book is structured to guide the reader through the wide range of world ocean circulation experiment (WOCE) science in a consistent way. Cross-references between contributors have been added, and the book has a comprehensive index and unified reference list. The book is simple to read, at the undergraduate level. It was written by the best scientists in the world who have collaborated to carry out years of experiments to better understand ocean circulation. Presents in situ and remote observations with worldwide coverage Provides theoretical understanding of processes within the ocean and at its boundaries to other Earth System components Allows for simulating ocean and climate processes in the past, present and future using a hierarchy of physical-biogeochemical models

Download or read book Ocean Mixing written by Michael Meredith and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Mixing: Drivers, Mechanisms and Impacts presents a broad panorama of one of the most rapidly-developing areas of marine science. It highlights the state-of-the-art concerning knowledge of the causes of ocean mixing, and a perspective on the implications for ocean circulation, climate, biogeochemistry and the marine ecosystem. This edited volume places a particular emphasis on elucidating the key future questions relating to ocean mixing, and emerging ideas and activities to address them, including innovative technology developments and advances in methodology. Ocean Mixing is a key reference for those entering the field, and for those seeking a comprehensive overview of how the key current issues are being addressed and what the priorities for future research are. Each chapter is written by established leaders in ocean mixing research; the volume is thus suitable for those seeking specific detailed information on sub-topics, as well as those seeking a broad synopsis of current understanding. It provides useful ammunition for those pursuing funding for specific future research campaigns, by being an authoritative source concerning key scientific goals in the short, medium and long term. Additionally, the chapters contain bespoke and informative graphics that can be used in teaching and science communication to convey the complex concepts and phenomena in easily accessible ways. Presents a coherent overview of the state-of-the-art research concerning ocean mixing Provides an in-depth discussion of how ocean mixing impacts all scales of the planetary system Includes elucidation of the grand challenges in ocean mixing, and how they might be addressed

Download or read book Elements of Physical Oceanography written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elements of Physical Oceanography is a derivative of the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, 2nd Edition and serves as an important reference on current physical oceanography knowledge and expertise in one convenient and accessible source. Its selection of articles—all written by experts in their field—focuses on ocean physics, air-sea transfers, waves, mixing, ice, and the processes of transfer of properties such as heat, salinity, momentum and dissolved gases, within and into the ocean. Elements of Physical Oceanography serves as an ideal reference for topical research. References related articles in physical oceanography to facilitate further research Richly illustrated with figures and tables that aid in understanding key concepts Includes an introductory overview and then explores each topic in detail, making it useful to experts and graduate-level researchers Topical arrangement makes it the perfect desk reference

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by John Gould and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observations at and below the surface of the oceans are essential for understanding the ocean system and the role played by the ocean in earth’s climate, for documenting changes and for initializing, validating, and improving ocean models. It is only since the late twentieth century that, thanks to advances in microelectronics, battery technology, and satellite communication, in situ observations (together with satellite observations) have reached a volume and spatial distribution that allow us to track a wide range of global and regional phenomena. This review traces the development of in situ ocean observations primarily from a physical standpoint and describes the internationally coordinated observing networks that now supply these observations. It considers the enormous changes that have occurred in the volume and distribution of these observations and the implication of these changes for defining the evolving state of the global ocean. Finally, there is discussion of the prospects for further improving sustained ocean observations and for the delivery of integrated information from interrelated observing networks.

Download or read book Ocean Currents written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Currents

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by Lee-Lueng Fu and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has seen tremendous progress in the application of ocean remote sensing to the study of the global ocean circulation. This chapter provides a summary of the resultant advances in our understanding of the key processes of the ocean that affect climate variability. Many of the advances result from the combined usage of remote sensing from multiple types of measurement and in situ observations. Remotely sensed ocean variables include sea surface height, wind, temperature, salinity and color, as well as the variable mass of the ocean and ice from spaceborne measurement of the earth’s gravity field. These observations have often been analyzed with various in situ observations, including moored buoys, hydrographic profiles, surface drifters, and Argo floats. The general circulation of the ocean as manifested by the ocean surface dynamic topography from satellite altimetry, and the geoid from satellite gravity measurements, can now be determined at scales approaching 100km. The information from surface drifters and Argo floats has added more details through the upper ocean depths. The large-scale changes of the ocean on decadal scales reveal complex geographic patterns in relation to the changes in the atmospheric forcing. The causes for the slow rise of the global mean sea level are diagnosed in terms of the steric and mass change of the ocean. The bottom pressure inferred from ocean mass change measured from space provides direct observation of the barotropic variability of the ocean. The detailed information of ocean surface wind measured from scatterometry and temperature from infrared and microwave radiometry reveals a positive correlation between the two, leading to new understanding of air–sea interactions at scales below 1000km. Data combined from multiple satellite altimeters through optimally designed processing have revolutionized the study of the global ocean mesoscale processes, revealing new information on the spectral transfer of energy and on global eddy propagation characteristics, which vary in relation to the mean circulation, bottom topography, and the nonlinearity of eddy dynamics. The gridded fields of remote sensing data have made satellite observations routinely accessible to general users for scientific and operational applications. The outlook for future development in ocean remote sensing is also discussed.