Download or read book Universal Telephone Service Rural America written by Daniel J. Ryan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of providing local telephone service in many rural areas greatly exceeds rates billed to customers. The Bell companies and other large independent local carriers overcome high rural costs by averaging rates between urban to rural markets. Smaller carriers with largely rural markets are supported through explicit subsidies funded through levies on interstate voice services. We use Decennial Census data at the census block group level to assess the comparative performance of different classes of carrier in rural areas, and to compare the effectiveness of different policy measures. Telephone penetration has grown significantly since 1990, and the greatest gains are among historically disadvantaged groups. The efficacy of all universal service subsidies is low and declining over time as the programs themselves have grown. Support targeted to individuals remains more effective than support for high cost companies, even in rural areas. Independent carriers' subscribership rates lag the Bell carriers, although the deficit has narrowed significantly since 1990. Rural areas, whether served by Bell companies or Independents, have seen greater subscribership gains since 1990 than urban areas.
Download or read book Consumers at Risk written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Universal Service Fund (USF), created by the Telecommunications Act of 1996, is a federal program designed to encourage private investment in telecommunications infrastructure in high-cost, rural locations so that consumers in these areas have access to services that are comparable in price and scope to those offered in urban areas. Other purposes of the USF include making telephone service more affordable for low-income consumers, and promoting high-speed Internet access for schools, libraries, and rural health facilities. Universal service support is provided to wireline companies to help them recover costs associated with building out, maintaining and upgrading their networks, which carry not only wireline phone calls, but also wireless, IP voice and some data -- all which require a robust and capable network if consumers are to send and receive transmissions. In this new study, commissioned by the Coalition to Keep America Connected, Keybridge Research LLC examines potential economic effects on U.S. households in areas receiving High-Cost Program (HCP) support of reduced outlays from the USF. In a context in which the USF and HCP in particular have been experiencing rapid growth, leading to a public policy debate, it attempts to provide a careful and objective analysis of the benefits to U.S. consumers of the HCP as it presently exists.
Download or read book The Future of rural communications written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Rural Enterprise, Agriculture, and Technology and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Rural Telecommunications written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Rural Enterprises, Agriculture, and Technology and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Universal Telephone Service Preservation Act of 1983 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Local Telephone Company and Deregulation written by Carrie Lauranne Shipley and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Universal Service written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rural America in the Information Age written by Edwin B. Parker and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1989 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of this book argue that telecommunications can play a catalytic role in rural economic development. Unlike other strategies that target specific industries or regions, enhanced telecommunications can help a broad array of industries in various rural regions. Contents: Rural America in the Information Age; The New Economy of Rural America; Telecommunications Policy Issues Affecting Rural America; A Portrait of the Telecommunications Infrastructure in Rural America Today; Toward the Year 2000: Policy Goals and Recommendations. Co-published with the Aspen Institute.
Download or read book Prospects for Universal Telephone Service written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications, Consumer Protection, and Finance and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Community Based Telephone Service for Rural America written by National Telephone Cooperative Association and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Telecommunications Act of 1996 written by Kathleen Wallman and published by . This book was released on 1997* with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Universal Service written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Universal Service in a Competitive Local Exchange Telecommunications Environment written by Donald Gale and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2006-05-22 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The telecommunications industry has evolved into a very competitive industry since 1980. Aggressive competition is the norm in the long distance, equipment, operator services and many other segments of the industry. The remaining segment of the market without widespread meaningful competition is the "last-mile" wireline service to the customer premise. Incumbent local exchange carriers enjoy a monopoly to serve nearly all residences and most business customers, collecting over 99% of all local exchange service revenues. Using their monopoly status, incumbents have developed a cross-subsidy system which uses the rates paid by some customers to lower the rates paid by others to support a policy known as "universal service." This policy has resulted in telephone service reaching 94% of America's households. Carriers claim that this policy cost them $20 billion annually, potential entrants claim the true cost is as low as $4 billion and the rest is profit. In the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Congress ordered the end of the local exchange monopoly and opened the local markets to competition. Congress also specified the continuation of universal service, specified that telephone penetration should be increased and specified that the universal service concept will be applied to America's schools, libraries and rural health centers. Congress also specified that, unlike today, all carriers will contribute fairly and equitably fairly to the universal service fund and that all carriers providing local service, including new competitors, will be eligible to receive support from the fund. The cost to meet these requirements in a competitive environment totals $7.2 billion, or 5.1% of net carrier revenue. This thesis addresses the definition of universal service and the services that should be eligible for support, the new competitive environment, how to collect the universal service support fund, and how to best distribute the funds to customers targeted to receive support from the system: those in high-cost areas, low-income consumers, and schools and libraries for advanced communications services.
Download or read book Rural America at the Crossroads written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rural America at the Crossroads written by Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Office of Technology Assessment and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1991 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explores the role that communications technologies can play in securing rural America's future. It develops several policy strategies and options to encourage economic development. The study was requested by the Joint Economic Committee of Congress and Senators Charles E. Grassley and Orrin G. Hatch. Chapter 1 provides a summary and policy conclusions. Chapter 2, "The Challenge for Rural America," describes unemployment, poverty, and out-migration and advocates upgrading the labor force. Chapter 3, "Rural America and the Changing Communication Infrastructure," proposes Rural Area Networks to deliver communication services to rural areas. Chapter 4, "Rural Development," explains a holistical approach to rural development that accompanies economic development by improving education, health care, and public administration capacities. Chapter 5, "Regulation and Rural Development," recommends that regulators must develop new regulatory approaches for rural areas. Finally, Chapter 6, "The Role of the Federal Government: Orchestrating Cooperation and Change," suggests that the Federal Government make rural development and the use of communications technologies a national priority. The appendix is a field journal that gives narrative impressions of the four states visited during the study: Kentucky, New Mexico, Washington, and Maine. The document contains a list of contributors, a glossary, and an index, as well as numerous figures, charts, tables, and photographs. (KS)
Download or read book Telecommunications written by Peter F. Guerrero and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002-06 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of current federal and state universal service support programs and discusses the potential impact of emerging Internet-based voice communications on how these programs are funded. The long-standing goal of universal service -- affordable residential telephone service for all Americans -- has resulted in a variety of federal and state support programs. Over the years, these programs have evolved as the telephone industry's structure changed and universal service benefits were extended to new groups, such as schools and libraries. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Universal Service written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
