Download or read book Unified West African currency versus the Euro written by Eric Ogho Imene and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Economics - Monetary theory and policy, , language: English, abstract: The need for a unified currency for West African countries is borne out of its many years of economic ties since the formation of the Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS on 28 May 1975 through a Treaty signed in Lagos Nigeria. Nigerian Head of State Yakubu Gowon was the first President of ECOWAS between 28 May 1975 and 29 July 1975 ECOWAS has 15 member states as at February 2017. There are 5 English-speaking, 8 French-speaking, and two Portuguese-speaking members. The countries within the bloc occupy an area of 5,114,162 km2 and an estimated population of over 350 million. The main goal of the bloc is to achieve “collective self-sufficiency” through the formation and preservation of a common trade block and the maintenance of a joint peacekeeping force for regional stability. Peacekeeping efforts were successfully carried out in Ivory Coast in 2003, Liberia in 2003, Guinea-Bissau in 2012, Mali in 2013 and there was an intervention in Gambia in 2017 that forestalled impending crises. The operations of ECOWAS are implemented in three cooperating languages— English, French and Portuguese
Download or read book Regional Integration in West Africa written by Eswar Prasad and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-07-13 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " Assessing the potential benefits and risks of a currency union Leaders of the fifteen-member Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have set a goal of achieving a monetary and currency union by late 2020. Although some progress has been made toward achieving this ambitious goal, major challenges remain if the region is to realize the necessary macroeconomic convergence and establish the required institutional framework in a relatively short period of time. The proposed union offers many potential benefits, especially for countries with historically high inflation rates and weak central banks. But, as implementation of the euro over the past two decades has shown, folding multiple currencies, representing disparate economies, into a common union comes with significant costs, along with operational challenges and transitional risks. All these potential negatives must be considered carefully by ECOWAS leaders seeking tomeet a self-imposed deadline. This book, by two leading experts on economics and Africa, makes a significant analytical contribution to the debates now under way about how ECOWAS could achieve and manage its currency union, andthe ramifications for the African continent. "
Download or read book Germany Unified and Europe Transformed written by Philip Zelikow and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides an analysis of the moves and manoeuvres that brought an end to the Cold War division of Europe. Coverage includes discussion of the opening of the Berlin Wall and a study of the relationship between West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl and reform Communist leader, Hans Modrow.
Download or read book The Monetary Geography of Africa written by Paul R. Masson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-11-30 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa is working toward the goal of creating a common currency that would serve as a symbol of African unity. The advantages of a common currency include lower transaction costs, increased stability, and greater insulation of central banks from pressures to provide monetary financing. Disadvantages relate to asymmetries among countries, especially in their terms of trade and in the degree of fiscal discipline. More disciplined countries will not want to form a union with countries whose excessive spending puts upward pressure on the central bank's monetary expansion. In T he Monetary Geography of Africa, Paul Masson and Catherine Pattillo review the history of monetary arrangements on the continent and analyze the current situation and prospects for further integration. They apply lessons from both experience and theory that lead to a number of conclusions. To begin with, West Africa faces a major problem because Nigeria has both asymmetric terms of trade—it is a large oil exporter while its potential partners are oil importers—and most important, large fiscal imbalances. Secondly, a monetary union among all eastern or southern African countries seems infeasible at this stage, since a number of countries suffer from the effects of civil conflicts and drought and are far from achieving the macroeconomic stability of South Africa. Lastly, the plan by Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda to create a common currency seems to be generally compatible with other initiatives that could contribute to greater regional solidarity. However, economic gains would likely favor Kenya, which, unlike the other two countries, has substantial exports to its neighbors, and this may constrain the political will needed to proceed. A more promising strategy for monetary integration would be to build on existing monetary unions—the CFA franc zone in western and central Africa and the Common Monetary Area in southern Africa. Masson and Pattillo argue that the goal of a creating a s
Download or read book On Integration of USD EURO Currency written by Yunlong Zhao and published by Bouden House. This book was released on 2024-07-29 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are on the cusp of a new era in which integrating artificial intelligence and a single European and American currency and market into our financial systems could catalyze similar economic efficiency, inclusion, and growth leaps. The unification of the US dollar and the Euro would be most beneficial to the people of the two regions. It would bring significant free trade between the United States and the European Union and a huge economic advance, which would bring prosperity and stability to society. This book provides an international solution to the development of the global economy and the defeat of communist autocracy. It is a comprehensive guide to understanding the potential of AI-driven European and American currencies in the transatlantic single market. The book outlines a vision for a more connected and resilient global economy powered by an AI Eurodollar. It will require technologists, economists, policy - makers, and citizens to work together to embrace this new digital renaissance and shape a future where technology and human ingenuity work hand in hand to promote prosperity and stability across Europe and the United States. The authors make a compelling case for the transformative power of the Euro-American dollar and the European-American single market in shaping the future of the global economy. The book delves into the opportunities and challenges presented by this new economic model. It provides a roadmap for policymakers, businesses, and individuals who want to thrive in this rapidly evolving environment.
Download or read book The Scramble for Europe written by Stephen Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the harrowing situation of migrants trying to cross the Mediterranean in rubber dinghies to the crisis on the US-Mexico border, mass migration is one of the most urgent issues facing our societies today. At the same time, viable solutions seem ever more remote, with the increasing polarization of public attitudes and political positions. In this book, Stephen Smith focuses on ‘young Africa’ – 40 per cent of its population are under fifteen – anda dramatic demographic shift. Today, 510 million people live inside EU borders, and 1.25 billion people in Africa. In 2050, 450 million Europeans will face 2.5 billion Africans – five times their number. The demographics are implacable. The scramble for Europe will become as inexorable as the ‘scramble for Africa’ was at the end of the nineteenth century, when 275 million people lived north and only 100 million lived south of the Mediterranean. Then it was all about raw materials and national pride, now it is about young Africans seeking a better life on the Old Continent, the island of prosperity within their reach. If Africa’s migratory patterns follow the historic precedents set by other less developed parts of the world, in thirty years a quarter of Europe’s population will beAfro-Europeans. Addressingthe question of how Europe cancope with an influx of this magnitude, Smith argues for a path between the two extremes of today’s debate. He advocatesmigratory policies of ‘good neighbourhood’ equidistant from guilt-ridden self-denial and nativist egoism. This sobering analysis of the migration challenges we now face will be essential reading for anyone concerned with the great social and political questions of our time.
Download or read book Civilization written by Niall Ferguson and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the bestselling author of The Ascent of Money and The Square and the Tower “A dazzling history of Western ideas.” —The Economist “Mr. Ferguson tells his story with characteristic verve and an eye for the felicitous phrase.” —Wall Street Journal “[W]ritten with vitality and verve . . . a tour de force.” —Boston Globe Western civilization’s rise to global dominance is the single most important historical phenomenon of the past five centuries. How did the West overtake its Eastern rivals? And has the zenith of Western power now passed? Acclaimed historian Niall Ferguson argues that beginning in the fifteenth century, the West developed six powerful new concepts, or “killer applications”—competition, science, the rule of law, modern medicine, consumerism, and the work ethic—that the Rest lacked, allowing it to surge past all other competitors. Yet now, Ferguson shows how the Rest have downloaded the killer apps the West once monopolized, while the West has literally lost faith in itself. Chronicling the rise and fall of empires alongside clashes (and fusions) of civilizations, Civilization: The West and the Rest recasts world history with force and wit. Boldly argued and teeming with memorable characters, this is Ferguson at his very best.
Download or read book Empires of Medieval West Africa written by David C. Conrad and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores empires of medieval west Africa.
Download or read book The Future of the Euro Currency written by Paul-Jacques Lehmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of the euro was a revolution for the 340 million people who exchanged their former currencies – considered a fundamental element of national sovereignty – for this new single currency. Encouraged by some who believe that its introduction gives more cohesion and strength to Europe in an increasingly globalized economy, the euro is criticized by others who believe that the constraints it imposes are a source of austerity and favor northern European countries at the expense of countries in the south. The Future of the Euro Currency traces the evolution of the monetary policy which the European Central Bank instituted at a time when economic, monetary and financial crises were legion. The book presents, as objectively as possible, the advantages and disadvantages of this new currency, while considering the improvements that could promote its durability.
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book The CFA Franc Zone written by Ali Zafar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an empirical analysis of economic and political structures impacting the CFA franc zone. Concise and practical chapters explore the history of the CFA franc zone, challenges to development, geopolitical issues, the importance of flexible exchanges rates, growth trends, and the impact of the Covid crisis. Policy reform is examined to detail economic approaches that could reduce poverty and increase the quality of life within the area. This book aims to present a macroeconomic and exchange rate framework to promote development and post-Covid recovery within the CFA franc zone. It will be of interest to students, researchers, and policymakers involved in African economics, the political economy, and development economics.
Download or read book One Market One Money written by Michael Emerson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Community is negotiating a new treaty to establish the constitutional foundations of an economic and monetary union in the course of the 1990s. This study provides the only comprehensive guide to the economic implications of economic and monetary union. The work of an economist inside the Commission of the European Community, it reflects the considerations influencing the design of the union. The study creates a unique bridge between the insights of modern economic analysis and the work of the policy makers preparing for economic and monetary union.
Download or read book European Money Trails written by Ernesto Savona and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Money Trails examines trends in organized crime across Europe, including money laundering methods and the mechanisms and instruments used to conceal the disposal of the proceeds of crime. By drawing on primary and other authoritative sources, Savona provides a report on national experiences of criminal organization unavailable elsewhere. It will prove especially useful to policymakers and users, as well as scholars looking to understand the criminal dynamics that underlie sophisticated, international offending.
Download or read book Monetary Union in West Africa ECOWAS written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monetary union, currency unions, fixed exchange rate, monetary stability.
Download or read book Money and Banking written by Robert Eyler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-10-22 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the core issues in money and banking providing students with a background in how financial markets work, how banks as businesses function, how central banks make decisions, and how monetary policy affects the global economy.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1952-01-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses various foreign payments practices in the United States. Most foreign payments in the United States are, therefore, done along traditional lines in whatever manner. Several nontraditional practices, however, have developed in recent years as the result of trade and payments restrictions established by foreign Governments. The amount and type of exchange sold by the US banks to their customers are limited only, if at all, by regulations abroad or by the banks' own limitations. In making or receiving foreign payments, the US banks deal generally with three types of customers which are, in the order of their importance: exporters and importers, individuals or corporations desiring to make or receive nontrade financial payments, and speculators. Foreign payments for account of individuals are usually small individually however, in the aggregate, they represent an important function of the banks located in the larger cities with a considerable foreign-born population.
Download or read book The Business Year Nigeria 2020 written by Peter Howson and published by The Business Year. This book was released on with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research for this publication began in the wake of elections that saw the re-election of President Muhammadu Buhari, who was sworn in on May 2019. The result brought an end to a period of political uncertainty and added new vigor to Africa's largest economy. Nevertheless, despite this new-found stability, Nigeria is still struggling to overcome the impact of years of recession, not to mention the challenges of the low oil price environment and the effects of COVID-19 mitigation measures. This 188-page publication covers finance, gas and power, oil and exploration, industry, IT and telecoms, transport, construction, real estate, agriculture, health, entertainment, and tourism.
