Download or read book Understanding the Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease written by Vitor Engracia Valenti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-03 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic systems are involved in several body functions. Cardiovascular risk factors can be estimated through autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. Previous studies have already supported the relevance of improved parasympathetic function to maintain a good health status. Currently, it is well documented that people with high physical activity status present better ANS function, as well as non-smokers subjects. Many factors are related to impaired ANS function, including, sedentary habits, smoking, high fat intake, genetic changes, etc.
Download or read book Handbook of the Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease written by Liana Bolis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-10-29 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the role of the ANS in the maintenance and control of bodily homeostasis, as well as in the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and treatment of disorders such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, asthma, arrhythmia, diabetes, ischemia, myocardial infarction, urinary retention, and depression.
Download or read book The Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease written by David S. Goldstein and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-09-13 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilizing a homeostatic approach incorporating medical practice, teaching, and research, this interdisciplinary reference fully examines the function and dysfunction of the body's autonomic systems to treat and promote better understanding of a variety of neurocardiological disorders. Highlights the roles of catecholamines, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine in autonomic systems! Ideally suited for both clinical and research purposes, The Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease introduces a homeostat theory integrating cybernetic views of stress with principles of operation for effector systems documents historical breakthroughs defining neurocardiology as a discipline in medicine provides conceptual perspectives such as the homeostat theory of stress, defining characteristics of stress and distress, and the sources and meanings of plasma levels of catechols reviews the physiology of the autonomic nervous system, including the cranial and sacral divisions of parasympathetic system, the sympathetic nervous and the adrenomedullary hormonal systems, and the homeostatic roles of catecholamine functions surveys the interactions and responses of stress effector systems such as the pituitary-adrenocortical, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, endogenous opioid, and vasopressin systems, as well as the parasympathetic, sympathetic, and adrenomedullary systems presents a schema for evaluating patients with neurocardiological disorders discusses future trends in medical research and integrative medicine, including redirection of molecular genetics and integrative physiology to focus on mechanisms of adult health and disease and much more! Written by a single expert in the field to provide better cohesion on the subject, and supplemented with over 1900 literature references and over 100 figures and tables, The Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease is an invaluable and comprehensive resource for clinical neurologists and neurocardiologists, neuroscientists, physiatrists, and neurochemists; cardiologists and internists; physiologists, biochemists, endocrinologists, and pharmacologists; psychiatrists and psychologists; medical house officers, residents, and interns; and medical and graduate school students in these disciplines.
Download or read book Handbook of the Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease written by Liana Bolis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-10-29 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the role of the ANS in the maintenance and control of bodily homeostasis, as well as in the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and treatment of disorders such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, asthma, arrhythmia, diabetes, ischemia, myocardial infarction, urinary retention, and depression.
Download or read book The Enteric Nervous System written by John Barton Furness and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Autonomic Nervous System written by Peter D. Drummond and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although sensory and autonomic nerve fibres generally do not interact directly, both may exert influences on blood flow during inflammation. For example, the sympathetic neurotransmitter noradrenaline/norepinephrine evokes axon reflexes, a response that involves release of vasoactive neuropeptides from the peripheral terminals of primary nociceptive afferent fibres. As well as boosting inflammation, this mechanism could play a role in normal renal function and heat dispersal from the skin. In certain disease states, aberrant communication between sensory and autonomic nerves might not only aggravate symptoms but also contribute to clinical deterioration by altering local circulatory dynamics. For example, in certain forms of neuropathic pain, an aberrant expression of α1-adrenoceptors on primary nociceptive afferents may provide a framework for cross-talk between sensory and autonomic nerve fibres. In addition to evoking pain and other unpleasant symptoms, this cross-talk could aggravate inflammation and disrupt nutritive perfusion of affected tissues. Finally, in disorders such as cluster headache, intense bursts of trigeminal nociceptive activity may trigger trigeminal-parasympathetic vasodilator reflexes which, in turn, provoke secondary vascular disturbances that amplify pain. A clearer understanding of sensory-autonomic interactions both in health and disease may provide a basis for new treatment approaches for conditions that respond poorly to conventional treatments.
Download or read book The Integrative Role of the Autonomic Nervous System from Health to Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Autonomic Nervous System written by Vaughan G. Macefield and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sympathetic nervous system plays important roles in the beat-to-beat control of blood pressure, the control of blood flow through various organs and the maintenance of core temperature through thermoregulatory processes. The development of microneurography, in which nerve activity can be recorded directly from intraneural microelectrodes inserted percutaneously into a peripheral nerve in awake human subjects, has provided a wealth of information on the control of sympathetic outflow to muscle and skin. Although not intended to be diagnostic, recordings of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA) in different disease states have increased our understanding of the operation of the sympathetic nervous system. And while quantification of sympathetic nerve activity is still largely limited to measures of burst frequency (bursts/minute) and burst incidence (bursts/100 heart beats), the development of single-unit recordings of MSNA and SSNA have provided more detailed information on how the sympathetic nervous system grades its output. This chapter reviews the development of sympathetic microneurography and its application in health and disease.
Download or read book Assessment and Mechanisms of Autonomic Function in Health and Disease written by Peter Ricci Pellegrino and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The autonomic nervous system is a master regulator of homeostasis, and the conviction that autonomic outflow is important on a patient-by-patient, minute-to-minute basis in both health and disease is the motivation for this thesis. The dissertation explores three aims that advance our understanding of the autonomic nervous system by elucidating the molecular mechanisms of autonomic regulation, validating widely used techniques for autonomic assessment, and developing and applying a new method to assess sympathetic vascular control. The first aim of the dissertation was to investigate the role of the Rho kinase pathway as a mediator of the autonomic effects of central angiotensin-II. This study was performed in conscious, chronically instrumented rabbits that received intracerebroventricular infusions of angiotensin-II, angiotensin-II with the specific Rho kinase inhibitor Fasudil, Fasudil alone, or a vehicle control over two weeks. Baseline hemodynamics were assessed daily, and cardiac and global vasomotor sympathetic tone was assessed by the hemodynamic response to autonomic blockers. Angiotensin-II raised blood pressure and cardiac and global vasomotor sympathetic outflow in a Rho-kinase dependent manner. In a separate cohort, renal sympathetic nerve activity was directly recorded and sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity was assessed, providing clear evidence that angiotensin-II increases renal sympathetic nerve activity and impairs baroreflex control thereof via a Rho kinase-dependent mechanism. In summary, the pressor, sympatho-excitatory, and baroreflex dysfunction caused by central angiotensin-II depend on Rho kinase activation. The second aim was to investigate the relationship between measures of pulse rate variability obtained by a chronically implanted arterial pressure telemeter with measures of heart rate variability derived by the standard electrocardiogram and the ability of pulse rate variability to reflect the autonomic contributions of heart rate variability. This study was conducted in conscious rabbits chronically instrumented with epicardial leads and arterial pressure telemeters. The autonomic contribution to pulse rate variability was assessed by pharmacological blockade, and the intrinsic variability of pulse rate was assessed by ventricular pacing. This study showed that pulse rate variability is a generally acceptable surrogate for heart rate variability for time- and frequency-domain measures, but the additional contribution of respiration to and the differing nonlinear properties of pulse rate variability should be considered by investigators. The third aim was to critically test the idea that the renal sympathetic nerves do not participate in the physiological control of renal blood flow. This study was conducted in conscious rabbits that underwent unilateral renal denervation and chronic instrumentation with arterial pressure telemeters and bilateral renal blood flow probes. Using time-varying transfer function analysis, this study showed active, rhythmic vasoconstriction of the renal vasculature with baroreflex properties in normally innervated kidneys, consistent with sympathetic vasomotion, which was absent in denervated kidneys. This refutes the long-held idea that sympathetic control of the renal vasculature is not physiological and has important applications to the burgeoning field of therapeutic renal denervation for cardiovascular disease.
Download or read book Development of the Autonomic Nervous System written by Katherine Elliott and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.
Download or read book Autonomic Nervous System in Health and Disease written by International Brain Research Organization and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Autonomic Nervous System written by Otto Appenzeller and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1990 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The autonomic nervous system innervates every organ in the body. An understanding of autonomic function requires expertise in many basic disciplines that are beyond practical use to clinicians. In this fourth edition of The Autonomic Nervous System Professor Appenzeller has selected basic findings of clinical relevance and put them into perspective with autonomic dysfunction. New concepts of psychoneuroendocrinology and the discovery of numerous definitive and putative neurotransmitters centrally and in the periphery have led to a reappraisal of previous views and to the increasing complexity of autonomic nervous system regulation. There has been a steady increase in the size of this volume since it was first published in 1970. This reflects in part the change from an assessment of autonomic clinical deficits largely based on anecdotal accounts to objective measurements increasingly done with noninvasive methods of measuring autonomic function. The need for the application of basic knowledge of autonomic function to the clinical aspects of active lifestyles has brought together a host of specialists working in the areas of pain, sports medicine, and behavioral abnormalities.
Download or read book Autonomic Nervous System written by Daniel P. Cardinali and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A traditional view of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) considers only its peripheral part: the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. However, this view misses to consider the most important ANS function: the maintenance of homeostasis. This term is used today to define not only the strategies that allow the body proper response to changes in the environment (reactive homeostasis), but also temporal mechanisms that allow the body to predict the most likely timing of environmental stimuli (predictive homeostasis based on biological rhythms). This book discusses the ANS from both an enlarged and a timed perspective. First, it presents how the organization of the ANS is hierarchical into different levels. Following that, the book discusses how the ANS changes functionally in the three-body configurations (wakefulness, slow sleep, rapid eye movement sleep) found in a 24-hour cycle. Finally, the most important clinical implications of this enlarged and timed vision of ANS will be discussed. Autonomic Nervous System? Basic and Clinical Aspects is a comprehensive text intended for medical students and health professionals who are interested in a deeper approach to this important part of the nervous system. It provides a detailed and complete understanding of the neuroscience behind the ANS, allowing a proper clinical applicability of this knowledge.
Download or read book Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson s Disease written by Cristian Falup-Pecurariu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomic dysfunction is one of the most prevalent non-motor symptoms that occurs in Parkinson’s disease. Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease provides up to date information on this important topic, which affects quality of life of these patients. This include a large number of domains: orthostatic hypotension, excessive sweating, dry eyes, constipation, weight loss, increased sensitivity to heat and cold, sexual dysfunction. Provides comprehensive reviews on different topics of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease Each chapter covers a specific autonomic symptom: classification, assessment, treatment Presents the newest information on each autonomic symptom in Parkinson’s disease
Download or read book Autonomic Failure written by C. J. Mathias and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition of Autonomic Failure (now available in paperback) covers the many recent advances made in our understanding of the autonomic nervous system. There are 20 new chapters and extensive revisions of all other contributions. Autonomic failure, fourth edition makes diagnosis increasingly precise by fully evaluating the underlying anatomical and functional deficits, thereby allowing more effective treatment. This new edition continues to provide practitioners from a variety of fields, including neurology, cardiology, geriatric medicine, diabetology, and internal medicine, with a rational guide to aid in the recognition and management of autonomic disorders. The book starts with an updated classification of autonomic disorders and a history of the autonomic nervous system. The first two sections of the book deal with the fundamental aspects of autonomic structure, function, and integration. There are new chapters dealing with neurobiology, nerve growth factors, genetic mutations, neural and hormonal control of the cerebral circulation, innervation of the lung, and pathophysiological mechanisms causing nausea and vomiting. Advances in the clinical management of autonomic disorders are critically dependent on the bridge made between the basic and applied sciences.
Download or read book The Dysautonomia Project written by Msm Kelly Freeman and published by Bardolf. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Dysautonomia Project" is a much needed tool for physicians, patients, or caregivers looking to arm themselves with the power of knowledge. It combines current publications from leaders in the field of autonomic disorders with explanations for doctors and patients about the signs and symptoms, which will aid in reducing the six-year lead time to diagnosis.
Download or read book Aging of the Autonomic Nervous System written by Francesco Amenta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-06-16 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging of the Autonomic Nervous System is the first book devoted to the aging of the autonomic nervous system. The book presents the most recent findings on topics such as general aspects of the autonomic nervous system, main neurotransmitter systems, age-dependent changes of neuroeffector mechanisms in target organs, and therapeutic perspectives. It also provides a comprehensive analysis of the possible consequences of these findings. Aging of the Autonomic Nervous System will be a useful volume for gerontologists and neuroscientists.
