Download or read book Understanding Immigrant Self employment written by Ling Tao and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigrants have long been believed to take on self-employment at higher rates than native-born people, a tendency that is regarded as contributing to their integration in the host countries. This thesis examines the factors that drive immigrants to become self-employed in the United States, and tests hypotheses derived from several popular theoretical approaches to immigrant self-employment. The study uses data from the General Social Survey and employs logit models to test the degree to which several potential drivers affect immigrants' likelihood of being self-employed. The findings reveal the experience of unemployment pushes immigrants to take on self-employment. This contrasts sharply with unemployment' effects for native-born Americans, for whom it poses a substantial barrier to starting a business. The results imply that many immigrants are pushed to be self-employed by various restrictions or barriers, rather than taking on self-employment in response to the greater economic opportunities it offers.

Download or read book Reconsidering Immigrant Entrepreneurship written by Steven A. Camarota and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Race Self Employment and Upward Mobility written by Timothy Mason Bates and published by Woodrow Wilson Center Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refuting traditional notions about entrepreneurship and opportunity, scholar Timothy Bates finds that across all racial and ethnic lines, self-employment and upward mobility mainly are open to those who are educated, skilled, and with significant financial resources. Bates's analysis is based largely on the massive Characteristics of Business Owners survey compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau.

Download or read book The Making of Migrant Entrepreneurs written by Dominic Zimmermann and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2016-02-02 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the diversification of global migration patterns, the increased importance attributed to knowledge and innovation for economic development, and the rise of social policy regimes that emphasise self-responsibility, migrant entrepreneurship has become a widely discussed form of migrant incorporation in both policy and social sciences. Particularly in North America and Europe, policy advisors have drafted special programmes and regulations aimed at self-employed migrants, while social scientists have also come up with a vast body of research, although it has not been exempt from certain controversies and biases. Migrant entrepreneurship has frequently been associated either with rags-to-riches success stories or with unremunerative hard work and marginalised social positions. Also, a great deal of research has strongly and consistently focused on entrepreneurial cultures and ethnic bonds related to ethnic entrepreneurship, and consequently other forms of migrant self-employment have been given only given scant attention. Yet, more recently, other aspects, including institutional embeddedness and gender, have become important focal points of research studies and have opened up new, promising avenues to explore the phenomenon. This book offers a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the research area covering migrant entrepreneurship and self-employment, in addition to investigating the skills of migrant entrepreneurs departing from the question: which migrants become self-employed, the highly skilled ones (due to their excellence) or the ones with a low skill endowment (because they cannot find a satisfying employment in the labour market)? Moreover, the included case study on highly skilled Peruvian migrant micro-entrepreneurs in Switzerland demonstrates the complex interplay of elements at work before and during the business foundation, such as an unsatisfying socio-economic integration, the search for social recognition and agency, the reconfiguration of gender roles, and the availability of resources to exploit transnational business opportunities.

Download or read book The Self employment of Immigrants written by George J. Borjas and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-employment represents an important component of the immigrant experience in the U.S. labor market. Among large immigrant groups self-employment rates exceed 15 percent of the labor force. This paper begins the study of the immigrant self-employment experience by analyzing self-employment rates and incomes of 18 immigrant cohorts using the 1970 and 1980 U.S. Census.

Download or read book Self employment Among Hispanic and Immigrant Populations written by Chunbei Wang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation contributes to the understanding of self-employment among Hispanics and Immigrants. The first essay focuses on the most disadvantaged subgroup of Hispanics - Mexican-Americans, and analyzes causes of their low self-employment rate by studying self-employment entry and exits utilizing panel data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Our results indicate that differences in education and financial wealth are important factors in explaining differences in entrepreneurship across groups. Importantly, we analyze self-employment by recognizing heterogeneity in business ownership across industries and show that a classification of firms by human and financial capital "intensiveness", or entry barriers, is effective in explaining differences in entrepreneurship across ethnic groups. The second essay focuses on immigrants and the impact of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on their self-employment decisions. Using the CPS Basic Monthly Data 2000 to 2005, we find interesting results. We show that there exist significant heterogeneous impacts of 9/11 on the self-employment decisions of immigrants; while immigrants from Middle East and South Asia are less likely to enter self-employment after 9/11, Hispanic immigrants are more likely to enter. Such results show that researchers who fail to distinguish self- and wage-employment as in the previous literature may overlook some important effects of 9/11 on immigrants' labor market outcomes. The third essay is a follow-up study of the second essay and examines how immigrant entrepreneurs have been affected in terms of business exit and earnings. The results show that Middle Eastern and South Asian immigrant entrepreneurs are not negatively affected by 9/11. In fact, this group experienced a larger increase in self-employment earnings, and Quantile Regression Analysis shows that this increase is found at both lower and upper tail of the distribution. Hispanic immigrants overall do not experience negative effects of 9/11 on self-employment outcomes; however, subgroups of Hispanic immigrants show heterogeneous effects - Mexican immigrants are more likely to exit self-employment while other Hispanic immigrants are less likely to exit self-employment after 9/11.

Download or read book Economic Returns of Immigrants Self employment electronic Resource written by Li, Peter S and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Immigration and Entrepreneurship written by Parminder Bhachu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many nations invite foreigners to work within their borders, but few welcome them. Those countries that do receive a torrent of immigrants create pressures that analysts expect to intensify as population growth and social unrest mount in the less developed countries of the world. Immigration and Entrepreneurship, now in paperback, offers a comparative analysis of worldwide immigration issues while focusing more specifically on the emerging influence of entrepreneurship as a potent factor in the economic and social integration of immigrants.In linking the common immigrant and settler experiences with the upsurge in self-employment, the contributors to this volume use California as their base of comparison. The state has both a huge and varied immigrant population and an entrepreneurial economy that has facilitated the formation of immigrant-owned firms. The Los Angeles riots of the nineties indicated the volatility of the mix. Aided by ethnic and familial networks, such firms have served as a route of economic advancement.Immigration and Entrepreneurship offers a comparative perspective unique in the literature of immigration by broaching the topic from both global and local perspectives. Whereas most studies examine the experience of a single group or groups in a particular destination economy, this volume emphasizes variations in the way different nations receive immigrants as causes of differences in immigrant behavior. Among the innovative themes discussed by a range of international scholars are the entrepreneurial efforts and tensions in the garment industry in Los Angeles, Paris, and Berlin; Koreans' enterprise and identities in Los Angeles and Japan; and U.S. immigration policies. The result is a genuinely global methodology.

Download or read book Born Entrepreneurs written by Nahikari Irastorza and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are immigrants more enterprising than natives in Spain? How successful are migrant entrepreneurs compared to those who start businesses in their country of birth? How does foreignness affect an immigrant's ability to launch and to grow a successful business? This book explores the economic and social benefits that immigrants might derive from self-employment and the unique factors at play in so-called ethnic and immigrant entrepreneurship.

Download or read book Prosperity Pull Or Recession Push written by Peter Catron and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigrant populations may either be pulled into self-employment by the lure of high wages relative to wage and salary work, or they may be pushed into self-employment as a survival mechanism in the face of unemployment. Research that focuses on Mexican immigrant self-employment in the United States tends to stress the prosperity-pull hypothesis and pay little attention to recession-push hypotheses. The focus of this article is to understand the extent that Mexican immigrants enter self-employment as a response to unemployment. Using a unique panel dataset that captures fast-paced labor market changes over the 1994 to 2013 period, I find that Mexican immigrants - and Mexican immigrant men in particular - are more likely to become self-employed in economically bad times than native workers and less likely to become self-employed than native workers in good times. The threshold where Mexican immigrants have a higher rather than lower probability to become self-employed is at eight percent unemployment. These results filter throughout various subcategories and are consistent with recession-push hypotheses.

Download or read book Education and Self Employment written by Nabamita Dutta and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does higher educational attainment lead to greater participation in self-employment? Available studies agree and disagree on this subject through various explanations. We invoke an empirical example from the experiences of immigrants moving from poor countries to rich countries. Further, we focus exclusively on the self-employment participation among south Asian immigration in the United States (using IPUMS Data), which the related literature has clearly neglected thus far despite long traditions of successful business ventures. We establish that higher educational attainment for immigrants from south Asia reduces the likelihood of being self-employed. In fact, a South Asian immigrant with higher educational attainment has 10% less chance of being self-employed than one without. In addition, we show that factors such as longer stay in USA and being a male, affect the likelihood of being self-employed positively. However, another interesting finding of our paper is that being a 'citizen immigrant' affects the probability of being self-employed positively. Though citizen immigrants with higher education attainment are less likely to choose self-employment, the probability is relatively higher in comparison to the non-citizen immigrant group with similar levels of education. This trend lends itself to a more than proportionate participation in self-employment by the citizen immigrants and the difference with immigrant non-citizen group becomes statistically significant. These results have various static and dynamic implications for the native labor market in host countries.

Download or read book Legal Status at Entry Economic Performance and Self employment Proclivity written by Amelie Constant and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "There are concerns about the attachment of immigrants to the labor force, and the potential policy responses. This paper uses a bi-national survey on immigrant performance to investigate the sorting of individuals into full-time paid-employment and entrepreneurship and their economic success. Particular attention is paid to the role of legal status at entry in the host country (worker, refugee, and family reunification), ethnic networks, enclaves and other differences among ethnicities for their integration in the labor market. Since the focus is on the understanding of the self-employment decision, a two-stage structural probit model is employed that determines the willingness to work full-time (against part-time employment and not working), and the choice between full-time paid work and self-employment. The choices are determined by the reservation wage for full-time work, and the perceived earnings from working in paid-employment and as entrepreneur, among other factors. Accounting for sample selectivity, the paper provides regressions explaining reservation wages, and actual earnings for paid-employment and self-employment, which provide the basis for such an analysis. The structural probit models suggest that the expected earnings differentials from working and reservation wages and for self-employment and paid-employment earnings matter much, although only among a number of other determinants. For Germany, legal status at entry is important; former refugees and those migrants who arrive through family reunification are less likely to work full-time; refugees are also less self-employed. Those who came through the employment channel are more likely to be in full-time paid work. In Denmark, however, the status at entry variables do not play any significant role. This suggests that the Danish immigrant selection system is ineffective"--Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit web site.

Download or read book Understanding Immigration written by Marilyn Hoskin and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the dual premise that nations need to learn from how immigration issues are handled in other modern democracies, and that adaptation to a new era of refugee and emigration movements is critical to a stable world, Marilyn Hoskin systematically compares the immigration policies of the United States, Britain, Germany, and France as prime examples of the challenges faced in the twenty-first century. Because immigration is a complex phenomenon, Understanding Immigration provides students with a multidisciplinary framework based on the thesis that a nation's geography, history, economy, and political system define its immigration policy. In the process, it is possible to weigh the influence of such factors as isolation, colonialism, labor imbalances, and tolerance of fringe parties and groups in determining how governments ultimately respond to both routine immigration requests and the more dramatic surges witnessed in both Europe and the United States since 2013. This book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to Knowledge Unlatched—an initiative that provides libraries and institutions with a centralized platform to support OA collections and from leading publishing houses and OA initiatives. Learn more at the Knowledge Unlatched website at: https://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/, and access the book online at the SUNY Open Access Repository at http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/7132 .

Download or read book Immigrants Propensity to Self employment electronic Resource written by Li, Peter S and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Impact of Institutional Differences on Immigrant Self employment written by Jin Hyun Bae and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Immigrant Entrepreneurship written by Beata Glinka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-07 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigration is currently one of the most vivid challenges the European Union faces. Ways of introducing new migrants to society and economy pose significant challenges, thus some guidelines for the policy design towards migrations are in need. This book points out patterns of approaches leading to entrepreneurial activities, implemented by the immigrants from the Far East: China, Vietnam, South Korea, India, and Philippines. At these stage comparisons with other countries are both possible and necessary, as many countries all over the world face challenges connected with defining migration policies. From the studies included in the book, readers will gain first-hand knowledge about immigrant entrepreneurship in Poland against the Western European or USA background of similar processes described by researchers in other countries. The areas covered in the studies include the main reasons for starting new ventures and the sources of opportunities, processes of defining customers and factors influencing the choice between an ethnic and local business, immigrants' approaches to building market position, defining success and development, as well as the issues of cultural, institutional, legal and economic differences. The studies show that significant differences in entrepreneurial activities appear between the first and second generations of immigrants. They also depict how entrepreneurial activities help in assimilation processes, as well as in building ties between the immigrants and host societies. Moreover, the study will deepen the understanding of entrepreneurial activities of immigrants in countries that are traditionally considered to be less attractive targets for migration. Thus, the processes of migration will be not only better understood and described but will also allow to provide some guidelines both for policymakers and future researchers

Download or read book Understanding Immigration Law and Practice written by Judith Bernstein-Baker and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2023-09-14 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Immigration Law and Practice, authors Gansallo and Bernstein-Baker share with students and practitioners their extensive knowledge and practical experience to ensure just results in immigration cases. Immigration law is constantly in flux. Immigration Law and Practice, Third Edition offers a thorough, accessible, and practical approach to understand and apply U.S. laws and regulations to help protect refugees, bring needed workers to the U.S., prevent separation of and reunite families, and provide relief to foreign nationals facing removal proceedings. Attuned to the sensitivity and responsibility necessary to ensure just results in high-stakes immigration cases, the authors, who have a combined 35-plus years of front-line experience, provide readers with in-depth information and highlight readers recent changes and ongoing litigation where applicable. In addition, the book offers a section on enforcement in both the non-and employment-based contexts, providing avenues for discussions on matters of policy. They generously and freely offer their knowledge and insights into the complex legal issues faced by immigration clients, followed up by proposing strategies for the professionals seeking to help them. Professors, students, and legal practitioners new to the practice of immigration law will benefit from: Compact, accessible coverage of complex fluctuating U.S. immigration law and regulations, including: Nonimmigrant visas, including B-1/B-2, F-1. H-1Bs, and visas for investment and trade. Immigration options for humanitarian immigrants such as asylum seekers, refugees, survivors of domestic violence protected by the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), SIJ, U, and T visa applicants. Lawful permanent resident applications based on family relationships, employment, and investment, including adjustment of status, Permanent Labor Certification Program (PERM), and consular processing. Grounds of inadmissibility, deportation, and explanation of immigration court removal processes, including waivers and relief from removal. Naturalization and citizenship eligibility. Balanced coverage of statutory and procedural rules with practical insights to aid in problem-solving. Numerous cases for discussion, with responses on the companion website available to instructors. Frequent vivid examples and cases from real life to assist readers in translating legal rules and theory into practice. Tools for student success, including learning objectives, marginal notes on key terms, and many documents and illustrations from actual practice. A chapter on managing the immigration practice, including performing case assessment and interviewing. Website updates to keep students and faculty current with the latest changes in this fast-moving subject area.