Download or read book Understanding Attitudes on Gender and Training at the United States Air Force Academy written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research examined the relationship between male and female cadets' views toward women in society, in the military, and at the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA) with knowledge and understanding of academic, military, and physical fitness standards at USAFA. Prior to the admission of women at USAFA, the Department of Physical Education created physical fitness standards based on research that showed physiological differences in males and females (Baldi, 1991; Petosa, 1989). This study found that male cadets had high sexist attitudes toward women in society, did not agree with the involvement of women in combat, did not agree with women holding certain jobs in the military, and believed women negatively impacted standards at USAFA. About 66% of the cadets surveyed believed differences in physiology warranted different sets of fitness standards; however, about 17% of the cadets, who were all male, supported equal standards based on the fact that men and women are expected to perform the same jobs in the Air Force. According to the results, high sexist attitudes of women are good indicators of support for equal physical fitness standards. The views expressed in this study are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
Download or read book Understanding Attitiudes on Gender and Training at the U S Air Force Academy written by James J. W. Do and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Force Academy written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the situation of women and minorities at the Air Force Academy addressing differences in performance indicators, cadets' perceptions, and Academy actions to enhance the success of women and minorities. Performance indicators for male and female cadets showed mixed results. Minority cadets had comparable physical fitness scores, lower academic admissions scores, lower academic grade point averages, and lower military performance averages than white cadets. Minorities were also subjected to more academic and honor reviews than whites. Minority cadets had higher attrition rates. A survey of cadets revealed perceptions that women and minorities generally received treatment equal to that of men and whites. However, a higher percentage of men than women perceived that women were treated better, and a slightly higher percentage of women than men perceived that they were treated worse. The study concluded that, although the Academy has taken a number of steps that should help women and minorities succeed at the Academy, it does not have a consolidated data base to analyze changes in student performance indicators and has not established criteria for determining when performance differences are significant. (Appendixes contain the Academy's review systems, methodology information, analysis of data, and list of contributors to the report.) (Author/JB)
Download or read book Attitudes Aren t Free written by James E. Parco and published by Enso Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attitudes Aren't Free: Thinking Deeply About Diversity in the US Armed Services ISBN: 9780982018569 LCCN: LCCN2010282390 Published June 2010 by Air University Press.
Download or read book An Investigation of Combat Knowledge and Attitudes of Women in the United States Air Force written by Pamela S. Spearing and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research project was a broad examination of recent literature and research studies on the military role of women in the United States. The primary focus was the level of training and education of women for combat as well as the attitudes of women in the United States Air Force regarding their wartime role. The historical background of women in the USAF was reviewed. The military role of women in 29 countries was presented for comparison to the United States. Previous research on the attitudes, knowledge, and abilities of women in the USAF and the associated implications for military effectiveness were discussed. Two recommendations were made. The first suggestion is that a study of USAF women's attitudes is necessary. Secondly, a consistent policy for the military role of women is needed. Women have been slowly integrated into nearly all USAF specialties. The social and biological arguments which have been debated for decades have proven to be inconsequential; thus, women have been integrated into combat units of other countries. The level of integration of women in the USAF has been so extensive, the impact on readiness and military effectiveness are often debated but no conclusion evidence is available to determine the actual effect women have had in these areas. Theses.
Download or read book Air Force Academy written by Mark E. Gebicke and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-10 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews treatment of women and minorities at the U.S. Air Force Academy. Specifically, the report addresses (1) differences in performance indicators between men and women and between whites and minorities; (2) cadets' perceptions of the fairness of the treatment that female and minority cadets receive, and (3) actions the Academy has taken to enhance the success of women and minorities at the Academy. 20 charts and tables.
Download or read book Minority Cadets at the United States Air Force Academy written by United States Air Force Academy and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Power Control and Gender written by Jamie L. Callahan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I explore the role of training practices at the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) in perpetuating power and control issues and the potential consequences of those practices. I argue that trainee responses to control deprivation may have resulted in alleged sexual assaults by male cadets and the eating disorders manifested by female cadets. The paper concludes with implications for HRD, including a call for recognizing the strategic role of training in forming organizational culture. (Contains 1 figure.).
Download or read book Bring Me Men and Women written by Judith Hicks Stiehm and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women's integration into the military academies afforded an almost unique opportunity to study social change. It was a tidy, well-defined natural experiment. The Air Force Academy was willing to permit the kind of external scrutiny that afforded an objective account of the facts of the first year of integration. For sixteen months the academy allowed the author to interview freely and repeatedly all persons concerned with planning and implementing women's admission. Working as a historian (with individuals and documents rather than with questionnaires), Stiehm tells the report of this first year as fully and as accurately as possible.
Download or read book Work Family Attitudes and Beliefs written by Stephanie K. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2001-06-01 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our surroundings are rich with environmental and associated paradigm shifts that influence work and family. There are many potential consequences of these shifts. These changes impact the very nucleus of work and family, and often result in conflict with the organization's culture as attempts are made to provide balance between work and family. A successful integration of work and family benefits both individuals and organizations within the Air Force and civilian workforce. An examination is provided that highlights future Air Force officers' expectations about balancing work and family life. Based on a current review of the literature, the Career Issues Survey was administered to a population of incoming Air Force officers to investigate attitudes toward various career and family issues. The sample for the study was comprised of 337 United States Air Force Academy and Reserve Officer Training Corps cadets preparing to enter the active duty Air Force. Results indicate significant differences between these groups regarding the degree of commitment women have to their career as compared to men. Significant gender differences were also present in such issues as career commitment, government or employer work-family policy responsibilities, and attitudes toward parental responsibility for childcare.
Download or read book Changes in Attitudes Toward Women at the Air Force Academy written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sex-role attitudes were measured at the Air Force Academy by Marshak, DeFleur, and Gillman (1976), using the Attitudes toward Women Scale (Spence & Helmreich, 1972). The attitudes were significantly less egalitarian than those held by male college students at the University of Texas at Austin. Festinger's Cognitive Dissonance Theory (1957) predicts that as perceptions of mandated social change decrease, attitudes held by cadets would become more egalitarian. In cadets sampled in 1983, males are significantly more egalitarian than in 1976, but there's no significant difference between 1983 cadets and 1980 college students. There's a significant trend in male cadets: the longer he's been at the Academy, the more egalitarian he is. As expected, comparison between 1983 male and female cadets showed women were significantly more egalitarian than men.
Download or read book To the Memory of that Most Dear that Most Holy M the C of S Stop Traveller Read and Weep Over this Prodigy of Wickedness written by and published by . This book was released on 1748 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing the Assignment Policy for Army Women written by Margaret C. Harrell and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2007 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) policy for assigning military women was issued in 1994, and the U.S. Army's assignment policy dates to 1992. In the ensuing years, the U.S. Army has undergone significant technological and organizational transformation, which has changed how it organizes and fights. There is concern that, in the course of operations in Iraq, the Army has not been adhering to its own assignment policy, as there are several important and potentially problematic differences between the DoD and Army policies. For example, the DoD policy prohibits the assignment of women to units whose primary mission is direct combat, whereas the Army policy prohibits the assignment of women to units with a routine mission of direct combat, and their definitions of direct combat differ. The research finds that the Army is adhering to the DoD assignment policy but may not be complying with the separate Army assignment policy for women. Assessing the Assignment Policy for Army Women serves to inform DoD decisionmaking with regard to the clarity and appropriateness of the current DoD and Army assignment policies, especially given how units are operating in Iraq.
Download or read book Gender Role Orientation of Female Cadets at the United States Air Force Academy written by Michele Sakuyako Fincher and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of a masculine service academy environment on the gender- role development of female cadets was studied. Past research indicates that gender-roles continue to change as individuals mature, making it a continually evolving process. Research also indicates that individuals adjust their gender- roles in accordance with their environment. Since the nature of this environment can often be characterized as masculine or feminine, it is likely that changes in gender-role orientation which occur in the context of these environments can also be characterized as such. Female cadets from all four classes at the United States Air Force Academy were studied to determine whether the environment produced a more masculine or androgynous orientation in these women. Fifty-five subjects were administered the Bem Sex-Role Inventory to determine if orientation changed as the individual spent more time in the masculine environment. Although there were no statistically significant differences found across classes for femininity, masculinity, or androgyny scores, a non- significant trend was evident which tended to corroborate a previous study. Additionally, there were dramatic changes in gender-role orientation for female cadets from the last time that this population was studied. Comparisons indicate that while the majority of women in general are not masculine in gender-role orientation, women at USAFA have definitely become more so in nature since they were last studied. Further investigations in the form of longitudinal studies are recommended for future research efforts.
Download or read book Failure of Imagination written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Law-106, which authorized the admittance of women into the five federal service academies, was historically significant as it reversed the previous male-only policy at the nation's premier military leadership institutions. Its 1975 passage reflected the groundwork established by military women as well as two decades of feminist activism in America. The entrance of women at the service academies clearly challenged the existing norms for women's roles in the military and arguably in American society as well; furthermore, an analysis of primary source documents and oral histories provides insight into how men and women at the Air Force Academy confronted radically new conceptions of gender roles in society. This analysis is particularly relevant as existing scholarship concerning the integration of women at the Air Force Academy has largely ignored men's and women's own perceptions and responses to their academy experiences. In studying the integration process at the Air Force Academy, my methodological approach places great value in centering women's voices in this story; therefore, this work will incorporate many of the existing oral histories of female cadets as well as recently gathered oral histories from women who graduated from the Air Force Academy during the integration period. By interrogating these individual cadet experiences within the larger historical context of the integration period, this work yields a deeper understanding of what it meant to be a man and a woman at this moment of radical change at the Air Force Academy. Why did men reject women as cadets? What motivated women to become cadets? How did women create a space for themselves within this rigid masculine environment? Beyond the now-familiar narratives about male close-mindedness and chauvinism, this study explores the cultural context in which men and women encountered one another in the service academies. Men and women at the Air Force Academy grappled with the integration process in unique ways; this present work focuses on how both men and women actively negotiated and renegotiated their perceptions of masculine and feminine identity during this period of momentous organizational change at the Air Force Academy.
Download or read book Air Force Academy written by United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-02-15 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSIAD-93-244 Air Force Academy: Gender and Racial Disparities
Download or read book Gender Integration in the USAF Fighter Community written by Thomas B. Wolfe and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With the stroke of a pen on April 28, 1993, Secretary of Defense Les Aspin eliminated a policy barring females from flying in combat, opening the door for first United States Air Force (USAF) female fighter and bomber aircrew. On the eve of the twenty-fifth anniversary of that momentous decision, groundbreaking aviators like Brigadier General Jeannie Leavitt, F-15E Strike Eagle pilot, and Brigadier General (sel.) Kristen Goodwin, B-52 Stratofortress pilot, stand as exemplars for others to follow. Despite their achievement of General Officer rank and certain hardships in blazing the trail, in the fighter community very few females followed, and their population among the Combat Air Force (CAF) has been flat among fighter pilots and only incrementally rising among weapons systems operators. Currently, of the 2,400 fighter pilots in the CAF, only 42 females hold primary responsibility as fighter pilots, resulting in scarcity in front-line units. In fact, the CAF’s most numerous fighter, the F-16C “Fighting Falcon” had only one female fighter pilot in the last six years at its second-largest operational wing, the 388th Fighter Wing. Shockingly, the AF’s newest fifth-generation fighter, the F-35A “Lightning II”, currently has zero females of 123 F-35 pilots, despite reaching its Initial Operating Capability (IOC) in August 2016. Some might say the low percentages and stagnated rate of participation in fighter aircraft is not a problem, since the “door is open”, and might also dismiss retention challenges as owed to females having left the Service to dedicate themselves fully to raising children. This paper challenges those assertions, and argues instead that “opening the door is not enough”, and that subtle structural and cultural barriers limit advancement and stifle attainment of gender equality in the fighter community, which in turn yields an almost entirely male pool of General Officer candidates and General Officers. By understanding and appreciating the uniqueness of the fighter communities being integrated, rather than simply viewing them as “male-dominated”, policy makers can better tailor appropriate solutions for inspiring, recruiting, training, and retaining talented females. Flying fighter aircraft imposes unique demands on female pilots, and as a consequence, unique challenges on their willingness to continue service to senior officer ranks, and should therefore receive just such a tailored approach. Only when a much increased cadre of combat ready and experienced female senior leaders is created will policies start to reflect a female “voice” and the AF begin to fully appreciate the diverse perspectives they bring. As the Joint Force opens more and more combat fields to women, drawing lessons from the USAF’s first 25 years of gender integration in fighter aircraft, including progress and persistent challenges, can help inform leaders managing integration in their Services. Through interviews and social media polling, this paper finds that by-and-large the fighter culture of today treats female fighter pilots equally, with no differences between the sexes in terms of flying and fighting skill at the outset. As careers progress, however males outpace females in technical flying competence, with many who rise to senior ranks having attended the Fighter Weapons School (WIC), compared to zero females who have graduated from F-15C, F-22, and F-16 WIC, and only two who have graduated from F-15E WIC. Since the AF highly values technical competence in their commanders, women are once again underrepresented in “Tier 1” command positions, and as the career snowball continues to roll downhill for men, women face an uphill climb. Recommendations include focusing on embedding fighter pilots earlier along accessions paths, at the AF Academy and in Phase II of pilot training, and assigning mentorship to females who graduate fighter training, essentially making them High Potential Officers (HPOs) until such time as the percentage of females in fighters increases at a favorable rate."--Abstract.
