Download or read book Underground Explosions Seismic Coupling written by S. Hultgren and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calculations on Seismic Coupling of Underground Explosions in Salt written by M. E. Heusinkveld and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Coupling of Underground Nuclear Explosions written by D.L. Springer and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calculations on Seismic Coupling of Underground Explosions in Salt written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report details the results of a theoretical study of seismic coupling and decoupling of underground explosions in a salt medium. A series of chemical and nuclear explosions was carried out years ago in salt domes for the Cowboy and the Dribble programs to provide experimental data on seismic coupling for both tamped explosions and explosions in cavities. The Cowboy program consisted of a series of chemical explosions, and the Dribble program consisted of the tamped nuclear Salmon event, the Sterling nuclear event in the Salmon cavity, and an associated site calibration effort. This report presents the results of extensive computer calculations, which are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. The calculations were extended to give general results on seismic coupling in salt. The measure of seismic coupling for most of this work was the residual reduced displacement potential (residual RDP). The decoupling associated with a shot in a cavity was expressed as the ratio of the resulting residual RDP to that of an equal-sized tamped shot.
Download or read book Seismic Waves from an Underground Explosion in a Salt Bed written by D. S. Carder and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhanced Coupling and Decoupling of Underground Nuclear Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seismic coupling efficiency of nuclear explosions was studied in granite by means of computer calculations as a function of scaled explosion source radius. The scaled source radii were varied from 0.1 m/kt13 (point source) to 20 m/kt13 (representing a nearly full decoupling cavity). It was found that seismic coupling efficiency is at a maximum when the scaled source radius is approximately 2 m/kt13. The primary cause of this maximum in seismic wave source strength is the effect of initial source radius on peak particle velocity and pulse duration of the outgoing elastic wave. A secondary cause is that rock vaporization (an energy sink) does not occur for scaled source radii somewhat greater than 1 m/kt13. Therefore, for scaled source radii greater than 1 m/kt13, there is additional energy available for seismic wave generations. Available data for some nuclear explosions at the Nevada Test Site do not provide sufficient evidence to either support or negate the enhanced coupling that is indicated by calculations at scaled source radii of 1-2 m/kt13.
Download or read book Seismic Coupling of Nuclear Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new Giant Magnet Experimental Facility employing digital recording of explosion induced motion has been constructed and successfully tested. Particle velocity and piezoresistance gage responses can be measured simultaneously thus providing the capability for determining the multi-component stress-strain history in the test material. This capability provides the information necessary for validation of computer models used in simulation of nuclear underground testing, chemical explosion testing, dynamic structural response, earth penetration response, and etc. This report discusses fully coupled and cavity decoupled explosions of the same energy (0.622 kJ) were carried out as experiments to study wave propagation and attenuation in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). These experiments produced particle velocity time histories at strains from 2 × 10{sup -3} to as low as 5.8 × 10{sup -6}. Other experiments in PMMA, reported recently by Stout and Larson8 provide additional particle velocity data to strains of 10{sup -1}.
Download or read book Identification of Seismic Sources Earthquake or Underground Explosion written by Eystein S. Husebye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was seismic monitoring under a nuclear test ban - an application of scienti fic knowledge and modern technology for a political purpose. The international political objective of a comprehensive nuclear test ban provided in turn the motivation for our technical and scientific discussions. In order to obtain a historical perspec tive on the progress of the work towards a comprehensive test-ban treaty (CTB), it is necessary to go back to 1958, when a confer ence of scientific experts in Geneva made the first steps toward an international seismic monitoring system. However, agreement on actual capabilities of a monitoring system for verifying compliance with such a treaty was not achieved, and thus the conference did not lead to immediate political results. After the Partial Test Ban Treaty of 1963, which banned nuclear explosions in the atmosphere, outer space and under the seas, renewed interest in the seismological verification of a CTB took place. A number of countries initiated large-scale research efforts toward detecting and identifying underground nuclear explosions, and it was in this context that the large aperture seismic arrays NORSAR and LASA were established. This type of development resulted in excellent seismic data in digital form and was thus of great irnprotance to the seismological com munity.
Download or read book Nuclear explosion Seismology written by Howard C. Rodean and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Analysis of the Seismic Source Characteristics of Explosions in Low Coupling Dry Porous Media written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dependence of seismic source coupling of underground nuclear explosions on the characteristics of the Q explosion source medium is an important consideration in any assessment of nuclear test monitoring capability. In particular, while experience has indicated that normal depth explosions in almost all hardrock and water saturated emplacement media (i.e., "good-coupling" media) are roughly consistent with a single nib/yield relation for any fixed tectonic source region, explosions in dry, porous media such as the dry tuffs and alluvium found above the water table at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), are typically observed to have m(b) values at a given yield that are lower than those in hardrock by about 0.50 +/- 0.25 magnitude units. With the exception of the complex cavity decoupling evasion scenario, which is not always feasible, explosions in such low-coupling media define the lower bound on the detection capability required to successfully monitor small, clandestine underground nuclear tests. However, at the present time, no fully reliable seismic source model is available to support quantitative analyses of broadband data recorded from such explosions.
Download or read book IMPROVING GROUND MOTION SIMULATION CAPABILITIES FOR UNDERGROUND EXPLOSION MONITORING written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Simulation of Seismic Waves from Underground Explosions in Geologic Media written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes work done after one year on project LL09-Sim-NDD-02 entitled 'Exploratory Research: Advanced Simulation of Low Yield Underground Nuclear Explosions To Improve Seismic Yield Estimation and Source Identification'. Work on this effort proceeded in two thrusts: (1) parametric studies of underground explosion generated motions with GEODYN; and (2) coupling of GEODYN to WPP. GEODYN is a code for modeling hydrodynamic (shock-wave) motions in a wide variety of materials, including earth materials. WPP is an anelastic finite difference code for modeling seismic motions. The sensitivity of seismic motions to emplacement conditions was investigated with a series of parametric studies of low-yield (0.2-4 kiloton) chemical high-explosive shots at a range of burial depths in four canonical geologic media (granite, limestone, tuff and alluvium). Results indicate that the material has a strong impact on the seismic motions consistent with previous reports. Motions computed with GEODYN in realistically complex material models are very consistent with reported motions from nuclear tests by Perret and Bass (1975). The amplitude, frequency content and cavity size resulting from explosions are all strongly sensitive to the material strength. Explosions in high-strength (granite) resulted in the highest amplitude, shortest duration pulse and smallest cavities, whereas explosions in low-strength material (alluvium) resulted in the lowest amplitudes, longest duration pulse and larger cavities. The corner frequencies of P-wave motions at take-off angles corresponding to propagation to teleseismic distances show corresponding behavior, with high-strength materials having the highest corner frequency and low-strength materials having low corner frequency. Gravity has an important effect on the cavity size and outgoing motions due work done against lithostatic stress. In fact without gravity the cavity radius and elastic motions are largely insensitive to depth of burial. We investigated the effects of depth of burial for a given yield and material model in the presence of gravity and found that the cavity radius is slightly smaller for deeper shots and the resulting motions have shorter duration and higher corner frequency compared to shallower shots. On the second thrust, progress has been made on one-way coupling of GEODYN to WPP. Early in the project we demonstrated this capability from one-dimensional (1D) GEODYN calculations. We have now completed the capability to pass motions computed in 2D or 3D with GEODYN to WPP and propagated (in 3D) to large distances.
Download or read book Seismic Methods for Monitoring Underground Explosions written by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Seismic Study Group and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Denne rapport udfærdiget i 1970 er en opdatering af en rapport udfærdiget i 1968 af en række ledende geologer, der redegør for målemetoder til overvågning og identifikation af underjordiske atomprøvesprængninger. Hovedrapporten er opstillet på DEPOT I-9098.
Download or read book Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions written by Ola Dahlman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions focuses on the checking of underground nuclear explosions, including the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTB), seismological stations, earthquake-source models, and seismicity. The publication first elaborates on test-ban negotiations, nuclear explosions, seismological background, and explosions and earthquakes as seismic sources. Concerns cover comparison between explosion-source and earthquake-source models, theoretical calculation of seismic waves, earth structure, seismicity, nuclear test activities, bomb designs, and disarmament treaties. The manuscript then tackles seismological stations, detection, event definition and location, depth estimation, and identification. Topics include multistation discriminants, statistical aspects, long-period and short-period signals, near distances, location by a network of stations, international data exchange, station detection capabilities, and station networks. The book examines the monitoring of a comprehensive test-ban treaty, nonseismological identification, evasion, peaceful nuclear explosions, and yield estimation. The text is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the monitoring of underground nuclear explosions.
Download or read book Seismic Coupling of Nuclear Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported in this volume was funded with DARPA Fiscal Year 1985 money originally intended to pay for the site geology containment studies by LLNL which were required in order to detonate a nuclear test in the Eleana shale at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). DARPA's motivation for encouraging such a test was to accumulate experience in testing, and in yield estimation by CORRTEX and by seismic means, in a material that was as similar as possible to that thought to exist at the Shagan test site in the USSR. In light of the Joint Verification Experiments (JVE) which will be carried out as this report is distributed, it does seem unfortunate that such a test was never carried out. As it happened, there was not sufficient interest in the project in 1986 to enable the full funding of the experiment. For this reason the money was diverted to a coordinated set of studies which were designed to improve our understanding of the overall problems of the seismic coupling of nuclear explosions. It is my feeling that there have been a number of important results emerging from this work, and I discuss some of them briefly. Individual papers were processed separately for the data base.
Download or read book Seismic Coupling written by United States. Advanced Research Projects Agency and published by . This book was released on 1968* with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Methods for Monitoring Underground Explosions written by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapport udfærdiget i 1968 af en række ledende geologer redegør for målemetoder til overvågning og identifikation af underjordiske atomprøvesprængninger. En opdateret rapport over samme emne er opstillet på DEPOT I-9099.
