Download or read book Uncertainty and Tangible Assets in Firm Investment written by Byung Nae Yang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigates how the role of cash flow changes with the uncertainty coming from oil price fluctuations, using the annual data obtained from COMPUSTAT global during the period of 1991 to 2004. I construct three measures of oil price volatility and one measure of relative oil price change. The main empirical findings are that the role of cash flow diminishes with higher oil price volatility for both manufacturing and service industries. Cash flow sensitivity declines more with volatility in more energy intensive industries. Firm investments in energy intensive manufacturing are hurt the most by oil price volatility, and firms in the service industry are hurt less than firms in manufacturing. When relative oil prices are used for the measure of oil price changes, most APEC countries except the U.S. show the role of cash flow increasing during times of higher oil prices. Oil price volatility affects firm investments in the U.S. and Canadian manufacturing negatively and significantly. Manufacturing firms in low income countries and manufacturing-growing countries are less hurt by oil price volatility when they have more cash flow. In the analysis of the effect of tangible assets on firm-level investment, I find that the role of cash flow declines or does little in importance with tangible assets in manufacturing and service industries. The last finding is that sales show very little impact on firm-level investment in the service industry unlike in manufacturing

Download or read book Investment under Uncertainty written by Robert K. Dixit and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should firms decide whether and when to invest in new capital equipment, additions to their workforce, or the development of new products? Why have traditional economic models of investment failed to explain the behavior of investment spending in the United States and other countries? In this book, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindyck provide the first detailed exposition of a new theoretical approach to the capital investment decisions of firms, stressing the irreversibility of most investment decisions, and the ongoing uncertainty of the economic environment in which these decisions are made. In so doing, they answer important questions about investment decisions and the behavior of investment spending. This new approach to investment recognizes the option value of waiting for better (but never complete) information. It exploits an analogy with the theory of options in financial markets, which permits a much richer dynamic framework than was possible with the traditional theory of investment. The authors present the new theory in a clear and systematic way, and consolidate, synthesize, and extend the various strands of research that have come out of the theory. Their book shows the importance of the theory for understanding investment behavior of firms; develops the implications of this theory for industry dynamics and for government policy concerning investment; and shows how the theory can be applied to specific industries and to a wide variety of business problems.

Download or read book The Economic Policy Uncertainty and the Australian Firm Investment written by Ji (George) Wu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the Australian firm investment activity. We find a significant positive relationship between the EPU and the firm investment over 2002 to 2017 period. Our main results remain unchanged after several endogeneity tests. Further analysis suggests that this relationship becomes pronounced for firms if their headquarters located in small states, firms with more tangible assets, higher operating cash flow, cash holdings, higher profits and leverage, but firms with fewer dividend payouts. Our paper sheds light on the unique attributes of the impact of EPU on the Australian firm investment activity and provides important policy and managerial implications.

Download or read book The Risks of Financial Institutions written by Mark Carey and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until about twenty years ago, the consensus view on the cause of financial-system distress was fairly simple: a run on one bank could easily turn to a panic involving runs on all banks, destroying some and disrupting the financial system. Since then, however, a series of events—such as emerging-market debt crises, bond-market meltdowns, and the Long-Term Capital Management episode—has forced a rethinking of the risks facing financial institutions and the tools available to measure and manage these risks. The Risks of Financial Institutions examines the various risks affecting financial institutions and explores a variety of methods to help institutions and regulators more accurately measure and forecast risk. The contributors--from academic institutions, regulatory organizations, and banking--bring a wide range of perspectives and experience to the issue. The result is a volume that points a way forward to greater financial stability and better risk management of financial institutions.

Download or read book Capitalism without Capital written by Jonathan Haskel and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early in the twenty-first century, a quiet revolution occurred. For the first time, the major developed economies began to invest more in intangible assets, like design, branding, and software, than in tangible assets, like machinery, buildings, and computers. For all sorts of businesses, the ability to deploy assets that one can neither see nor touch is increasingly the main source of long-term success. But this is not just a familiar story of the so-called new economy. Capitalism without Capital shows that the growing importance of intangible assets has also played a role in some of the larger economic changes of the past decade, including the growth in economic inequality and the stagnation of productivity. Jonathan Haskel and Stian Westlake explore the unusual economic characteristics of intangible investment and discuss how an economy rich in intangibles is fundamentally different from one based on tangibles. Capitalism without Capital concludes by outlining how managers, investors, and policymakers can exploit the characteristics of an intangible age to grow their businesses, portfolios, and economies.

Download or read book Finance Mechanisms for the New Industry Growth written by Soo-Dong Kim and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New industry finance has the following five characteristics. First, information asymmetry problem appears relatively stronger in the new industry finance compared to the normal industry finance. Asymmetry of information between trading partners means that the amount of information is on different states between them. It occurs when the company management with superior information about the financial situation and the value of company attracts funds from investors who have relatively low information about the company. In financial transactions, the adverse selection and moral hazard problems due to the information asymmetry cause the market failure that the supply of funds takes place under the optimal level of funds. Market failure due to the information asymmetry is a common phenomenon seen in the financial markets. Moreover, if the company belongs to the new industry sectors and is in initial stage of technical development, the information asymmetry problem is likely to occur more seriously.Second, Uncertainty is relatively large. Financial institutions are experts in risk assessment and management. But they tend to avoid uncertainty. Here risk means that an undesirable situation that is possible to take place. However, uncertainty means that what would happen is not possible topredict. Main difference between the two concepts is that assessing the risk is possible in advance but predicting the uncertainty is not. There are a lot of uncertain factors in the process of technology development that can't be evaluated and managed in the financial markets. It is hard to predict the success of technology development itself. Even though this technology is successfully developed and commercialized, sustainable profits are made when market demand is secured. In this case it is more difficult job to evaluate the uncertain situation of market that affects the potential market demand. As a matter of fact, risk management of financial institutions is one of the mostimportant roles among the traditional roles of financial intermediaries. Third, the ratio of mortgage-related tangible assets out of financial demander's equity holdings is relatively low. Firms in new industries who do not have enough tangible assets fall short of financing ability compared to firms who have enough mortgage-related assets. Moreover, the technologyoriented assets are less valuable when a firm tries to liquidate those assets. Here new firms in high-tech industries on the basis of the skills and knowledge have difficulties in financing of new projects. More fundamentally, new industry firms focusing on the development of technology have almost no tangible assets. Most assets of these firms are composed of intangible assetssuch as knowledge and patents. After all these firms have hard time to get funds from financial institutions that requires physical mortgages. If conventional firms with procured funds invest in tangible assets such as production equipment, it is easier to recover some of the investment by selling the tangle assets even if the investment fails. But in case of the investment in technology development it is almost impossible recovering the invested funds when investment fails.Fourth, one can refer to the inevitability of technology development investment. There should be a minimum investment of a certain size in the stage of research and development and market securement stage. This certain amount of investment makes it difficult to enter into the market and restricts competition in the market and then efficiency is decreased. Therefore, it is desirable that a big investment project divides into a series of multi-stage small investment projects. Each project is financed through the reasonable financing path. However, in case of the investment in technology, because dividing a project into multi-phase small projects is not always possible raising fundsthrough the traditional financial market is not easy work.Finally, the fifth feature is the external effects that the private benefit of technology development is smaller than the social benefit. The reason why the external effects appear is that the benefits from developing the technology are not fully privatized. But there is some method to protect technologydeveloper's right such as patents from imitating newly developed technology. Knowledge acquired in the process of technology innovation helps develop technologies of other companies through the informal networks. A company's investment on developing technology has external effects that enhance the performance of other company's investment on the technology development. Developer can privatize the benefit of technological development by receiving the compensation of technology transfer such as royalties. But unlike the technologies privatized, know-how mainly spread through informal networks is not privatized. For this reason, the level of technology development investment that the individual company chooses is less than the socially optimal level of investment.

Download or read book A New Architecture for the U S National Accounts written by Dale W. Jorgenson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New Architecture for the U.S. National Accounts brings together a distinguished group of contributors to initiate the development of a comprehensive and fully integrated set of United States national accounts. The purpose of the new architecture is not only to integrate the existing systems of accounts, but also to identify gaps and inconsistencies and expand and incorporate systems of nonmarket accounts with the core system. Since the United States economy accounts for almost thirty percent of the world economy, it is not surprising that accounting for this huge and diverse set of economic activities requires a decentralized statistical system. This volume outlines the major assignments among institutions that include the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Department of Labor, the Census Bureau, and the Governors of the Federal Reserve System. An important part of the motivation for the new architecture is to integrate the different components and make them consistent. This volume is the first step toward achieving that goal.

Download or read book Requiem Rebirth written by Skyler Karajanis and published by . This book was released on 2021-10-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aggregate Uncertainty and the Supply of Credit written by Mr.Fabian Valencia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies show that uncertainty shocks have quantitatively important effects on the real economy. This paper examines one particular channel at work: the supply of credit. It presents a model in which a bank, even if managed by risk-neutral shareholders and subject to limited liability, can exhibit self-insurance, and thus loan supply contracts when uncertainty increases. This prediction is tested with the universe of U.S. commercial banks over the period 1984-2010. Identification of credit supply is achieved by looking at the differential response of banks according to their level of capitalization. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, increases in uncertainty reduce the supply of credit, more so for banks with lower levels of capitalization. These results are weaker for large banks, and are robust to controlling for the lending and capital channels of monetary policy, to different measures of uncertainty, and to breaking the dataset in subsamples. Quantitatively, uncertainty shocks are almost as important as monetary policy ones with regards to the effects on the supply of credit.

Download or read book The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers written by Baruch Lev and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative new valuation framework with truly useful economic indicators The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers shows how the ubiquitous financial reports have become useless in capital market decisions and lays out an actionable alternative. Based on a comprehensive, large-sample empirical analysis, this book reports financial documents' continuous deterioration in relevance to investors' decisions. An enlightening discussion details the reasons why accounting is losing relevance in today's market, backed by numerous examples with real-world impact. Beyond simply identifying the problem, this report offers a solution—the Value Creation Report—and demonstrates its utility in key industries. New indicators focus on strategy and execution to identify and evaluate a company's true value-creating resources for a more up-to-date approach to critical investment decision-making. While entire industries have come to rely on financial reports for vital information, these documents are flawed and insufficient when it comes to the way investors and lenders work in the current economic climate. This book demonstrates an alternative, giving you a new framework for more informed decision making. Discover a new, comprehensive system of economic indicators Focus on strategic, value-creating resources in company valuation Learn how traditional financial documents are quickly losing their utility Find a path forward with actionable, up-to-date information Major corporate decisions, such as restructuring and M&A, are predicated on financial indicators of profitability and asset/liabilities values. These documents move mountains, so what happens if they're based on faulty indicators that fail to show the true value of the company? The End of Accounting and the Path Forward for Investors and Managers shows you the reality and offers a new blueprint for more accurate valuation.

Download or read book The Investment Decisions of Firms written by S. J. Nickell and published by Welwyn : Nisbet ; Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Asymmetric Information Corporate Finance and Investment written by R. Glenn Hubbard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, specialists from traditionally separate areas in economics and finance investigate issues at the conjunction of their fields. They argue that financial decisions of the firm can affect real economic activity—and this is true for enough firms and consumers to have significant aggregate economic effects. They demonstrate that important differences—asymmetries—in access to information between "borrowers" and "lenders" ("insiders" and "outsiders") in financial transactions affect investment decisions of firms and the organization of financial markets. The original research emphasizes the role of information problems in explaining empirically important links between internal finance and investment, as well as their role in accounting for observed variations in mechanisms for corporate control.

Download or read book Irreversibility Uncertainty and Investment written by Robert S. Pindyck and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irreversible investment is especially sensitive to such risk factors as volatile exchange rates and uncertainty about tariff structures and future cash flows. If the goal of macroeconomic policy is to stimulate investment, stability and credibility may be more important than tax incentives or interest rates.

Download or read book Uncertainty and the Employment Dynamics of Small and Large Businesses written by Vivek Ghosal and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the impact of uncertainty on employment dynamics. Alternative measures of uncertainty are constructed based on the survey of professional forecasters, and regressionbased forecasting models for GDP growth, inflation, S&P500 stock price index, and fuel prices. Our results indicate that greater uncertainty has a negative impact on growth of employment, and the effects are primarily felt by the relatively smaller businesses; the impact on large businesses are generally non-existent or weaker. Our results suggest that to truly understand the effects of uncertainty on employment dynamics, we need to focus on the relatively smaller and entrepreneurial businesses. We discuss implications for the framing of economic policy.

Download or read book Firms Investment and Finance Decisions written by Paul Butzen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides coherent theoretical and empirical analysis of firms’ investment and financing decisions. It assesses the role of uncertainty, financial imperfections, corporate governance and taxation. Evidence is obtained using several unique and high quality microeconomic data-sets, which explore features seldom addressed.

Download or read book Visualising Intangibles Measuring and Reporting in the Knowledge Economy written by Stefano Zambon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-11 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the now widely recognized importance of intangible assets and intellectual capital, they still appear to be poorly understood by both academics and practitioners. Indeed, the necessity for adopting a fresh approach to their reporting, measurement and management is today generally clear and accepted. This book gives room to new perspectives which broaden the scope and depth of the investigation, whilst also opening up innovative methods and opportunities for practice.

Download or read book Financial Econometrics Bayesian Analysis Quantum Uncertainty and Related Topics written by Nguyen Ngoc Thach and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-28 with total page 865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book overviews latest ideas and developments in financial econometrics, with an emphasis on how to best use prior knowledge (e.g., Bayesian way) and how to best use successful data processing techniques from other application areas (e.g., from quantum physics). The book also covers applications to economy-related phenomena ranging from traditionally analyzed phenomena such as manufacturing, food industry, and taxes, to newer-to-analyze phenomena such as cryptocurrencies, influencer marketing, COVID-19 pandemic, financial fraud detection, corruption, and shadow economy. This book will inspire practitioners to learn how to apply state-of-the-art Bayesian, quantum, and related techniques to economic and financial problems and inspire researchers to further improve the existing techniques and come up with new techniques for studying economic and financial phenomena. The book will also be of interest to students interested in latest ideas and results.