Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by William Kandel and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC, unaccompanied children) apprehended at the Southwest border between U.S. ports of entry while attempting to enter the United States without authorization has increased substantially in recent years: from 16,067 in FY2011 to 24,481 in FY2012 to 38,759 in FY2013. In FY2014, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Customs and Border Protection (CBP) apprehended 68,541 UAC, a record at that time. Since FY2014, UAC apprehensions have fluctuated considerably, declining to 39,970 in FY2015, increasing to 59,692 in FY2016, declining to 41,435 in FY2017, and increasing to 50,036 in FY2018. In the first 11 months of FY2019, they reached 72,873, a level that now exceeds the FY2014 peak. UAC are defined in statute as children under age 18 who lack lawful immigration status in the United States, and who are either without a parent or legal guardian in the United States, or without a parent or legal guardian in the United States who is available to provide care and physical custody. Two statutes and a legal settlement directly affect U.S. policy on the treatment and administrative processing of UAC: the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-457), the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296), and the Flores Settlement Agreement of 1997 (Flores). Agencies in the Departments of Homeland Security (DHS) and Health and Human Services (HHS) share responsibility for the processing, treatment, and placement of unaccompanied children. DHS's Customs and Border Protection (CBP) apprehends and detains UAC arrested at the border. DHS's Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) handles custody transfer and repatriation responsibilities, apprehends UAC in the interior of the country, and represents the government in removal proceedings. HHS's Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) coordinates and implements the care and placement of UAC in appropriate custodial settings. In FY2009, children from Mexico accounted for 82% of the 19,688 UAC apprehensions at the Southwest border, while those from the "Northern Triangle" countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras accounted for 17%. By the first 10 months of FY2019, the proportions had reversed, with Mexican nationals comprising 12% of the 69,157 UAC apprehensions at the border and the three Central American countries comprising 85%. The Obama and Trump Administrations, as well as Congress, have taken several steps since 2014 to respond to UAC migrants. During 2014, when UAC apprehensions surged far beyond previous levels, the Obama Administration developed a working group to coordinate the efforts of relevant agencies. It also opened temporary "influx" shelters and holding facilities to accommodate the large number of UAC apprehended at the border, initiated programs to address root causes of child migration in Central America, and requested funding from Congress to deal with the crisis. In turn, Congress considered supplemental appropriations for FY2014 and provided increased funding for UAC-related activities in ORR and DHS appropriations for subsequent fiscal years. The Trump Administration, facing relatively high levels of UAC apprehensions, as well as record high levels of family unit apprehensions, has used temporary influx shelter housing for unaccompanied minors while also attempting to reduce both the flow of migrants illegally crossing the Southwest border and limit who can apply for asylum. The Administration has implemented a biometric and biographic information-sharing agreement between ORR and DHS. During six weeks in 2018, it implemented a "zero tolerance" policy targeting illegal border crossing that effectively separated thousands of children from their parents and reclassified them as UAC. The Administration has also proposed regulations to replace Flores and allow ICE to detain parents and children together indefinitely.
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unaccompanied alien children (UAC) are aliens under the age of 18 who come to the United States without authorization or overstay their visa, and are without a parent or legal guardian. Most arrive at U.S. ports of entry or are apprehended along the border with Mexico. With the passage of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (HSA), UAC tasking was split between the newly created Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Department of Health and Human Services Office of Refugee Removal (ORR). DHS was delegated the task of apprehension, transfer and repatriation of UAC, while ORR was tasked to provide long-term detention and foster placement. The issue for Congress concerns whether the current system provides adequate protections for unaccompanied alien children. The debate over UAC policy has polarized in recent years between two camps: child welfare advocates arguing that the UAC are largely akin to refugees by being victims of abuse and economic circumstances, and immigration security advocates charging that unauthorized immigration is associated with increased community violence and illicit activities. Consequently, these two camps advocate very different policies for the treatment of UAC. This polarization is to some degree reflected in the tension between DHS and ORR, which despite attempts and congressional urging have failed to produce a Memorandum of Understanding between the two agencies. In FY2006, the DHS's Customs and Border Protection apprehended 101,952 juveniles. The majority of these children were from Mexico and were returned voluntarily without being detained. DHS detained 7,746 UAC in this same year. In FY2006, 74% of UAC were male and 26% female, with 80% being between the ages of 15 and 18 and the remaining 20% being ages 0 to 14 years old. Three countries -- Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador -- accounted for 85% of the UAC detained in ORR custody. Despite the implementation of the Flores Settlement Agreement (FSA), which governs the policy for the treatment of alien juveniles in government custody, advocacy groups have charged that DHS has failed to comply fully with the FSA. Among the concerns raised by these groups are allegations of deliberate misclassifications of UAC as "accompanied," inaccurate age determination techniques, the use of UAC as bait for apprehending unauthorized alien family members, and unsafe repatriation practices. Congress also expressed concerns over several of these issues in the FY2007 DHS Appropriations Act. As an outgrowth of the debates regarding the treatment of UAC, child welfare advocates have contended that legal representation for UAC would prevent potential maltreatment and be in the best interests of the child. Security advocates argue that aliens should not be granted legal representation in civil proceedings at the government's expense, because it would drain valuable resources from the judicial system. Additionally, since the division of responsibility for handling UAC was divided between DHS and ORR, custodial disputes have occasionally surfaced. This report will be updated as warranted.
Download or read book A Resurgence of Unaccompanied Alien Children written by William A. Kandel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report briefly examines the recently-high number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC). In the first seven months of FY2016, apprehensions at the U.S.-Mexico border have approached levels close to what they were in FY2014 when such migration flows reached what were characterized as "crisis" proportions.
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unaccompanied Children from Central America written by Veronica K. Quinn and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2012, there has been a rapid increase in the number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) apprehended at the U.S.-Mexican border. According to DHS's Customs and Border Protection (CBP), the number of UAC from any country apprehended at the U.S.-Mexican border climbed from more than 24,000 in fiscal year 2012 to nearly 39,000 in fiscal year 2013, and to nearly 69,000 in fiscal year 2014. Prior to fiscal year 2012, the majority of UAC apprehended at the border were Mexican nationals. However, more than half of the UAC apprehended at the border in fiscal year 2013, and 75 percent apprehended in fiscal year 2014 were nationals of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, according to DHS/CBP. El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras face various socioeconomic challenges, which the United States is seeking to address through assistance efforts. This book identifies U.S. mission-level efforts to identify causes of the rapid increase in migration of unaccompanied children and address the causes identified. Furthermore, this book discusses the demographics of unaccompanied alien children while they are in removal proceedings.
Download or read book Handling of Unaccompanied Alien Children written by CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handling of Unaccompanied Alien Children
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by Chad C. Haddal and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slipping Through the Cracks written by Rosa Ehrenreich and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1997 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rights of aliens in general
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by Lisa M. Seghetti and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) arriving in the United States has reached alarming numbers that has strain the system put in place over the past decade to handle such cases. UAC are defined in statute as children who lack lawful immigration status in the United States, who are under the age of 18, and who are without a parent or legal guardian in the United States or no parent or legal guardian in the United States is available to provide care and physical custody. Both the Administration and Congress have begun to take action to respond to the surge in UAC coming across the border. The Administration has developed a working group to coordinate the efforts of the various agencies involved in responding to the issue. It also has opened additional shelters and holding facilities to accommodate the large number of UAC apprehended at the border. The Administration has also announced plans to provide funding to the affected Central American countries for a variety of programs and security-related initiatives. Relatedly, Congress is considering funding increases for HHS and DHS.
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Baby Jails written by Philip G. Schrag and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “I worked in a trailer that ICE had set aside for conversations between the women and the attorneys. While we talked, their children, most of whom seemed to be between three and eight years old, played with a few toys on the floor. It was hard for me to get my head around the idea of a jail full of toddlers, but there they were.” For decades, advocates for refugee children and families have fought to end the U.S. government’s practice of jailing children and families for months, or even years, until overburdened immigration courts could rule on their claims for asylum. Baby Jails is the history of that legal and political struggle. Philip G. Schrag, the director of Georgetown University’s asylum law clinic, takes readers through thirty years of conflict over which refugee advocates resisted the detention of migrant children. The saga began during the Reagan administration when 15-year-old Jenny Lisette Flores languished in a Los Angeles motel that the government had turned into a makeshift jail by draining the swimming pool, barring the windows, and surrounding the building with barbed wire. What became known as the Flores Settlement Agreement was still at issue years later, when the Trump administration resorted to the forced separation of families after the courts would not allow long-term jailing of the children. Schrag provides recommendations for the reform of a system that has brought anguish and trauma to thousands of parents and children. Provocative and timely, Baby Jails exposes the ongoing struggle between the U.S. government and immigrant advocates over the duration and conditions of confinement of children who seek safety in America.
Download or read book Federal Care of Apprehended Unaccompanied Alien Children written by Martha E. Walker and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In FY2014, the number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) that were apprehended at the Southwest border while attempting to enter the United States without authorisation increased sharply, straining the system put in place over the past decade to handle such cases. UAC are defined in statute as children who lack lawful immigration status in the United States, who are under the age of 18, and who either are without a parent or legal guardian in the United States or without a parent or legal guardian in the United States who is available to provide care and physical custody. To address the crisis, the Administration developed a working group to coordinate the efforts of federal agencies involved. It also opened additional shelters and holding facilities to accommodate the large number of UAC apprehended at the border. This book opens with an analysis of recent UAC apprehension data. It then discusses current policy on the treatment, care, and custody of the population, with a description of the responsibilities of each federal agency involved with the population. The book then discusses both administrative and congressional actions to deal with the UAC surge in FY2014 and ongoing action to address possible future surges. Furthermore, the book examines, among other things, the extent to which DHS has developed policies and procedures to screen all UAC as required and care for all UAC as required.
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children in the United States written by Paul Snider and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) arriving in the United States has reached alarming numbers that has strained the system put in place over the past decade to handle such cases. UAC are defined in statute as children who lack lawful immigration status in the United States, who are under the age of 18, and who are without a parent or legal guardian in the United States or no parent or legal guardian in the United States is available to provide care and physical custody. The book opens with an analysis of the data of the recent surge in UAC crossing the border. It then discusses current policy on the treatment, care, and custody of the population. The processing and treatment of UAC is detailed, with a discussion of each agency that is involved with the population. The book then discusses both Administrative and Congressional action to deal with the current crisis. As this issue is still emerging, the book concludes with a series of questions related to UAC that remain unanswered.
Download or read book Migrating Alone written by Jyothi Kanics and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays that make up this book examine the question of child migration from legal, sociological and anthropological angles, examining the situation in both countries of origin and receiving countries.--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Unaccompanied Alien Children in the United States written by Seo In Kim and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the extent to which domestic statutes and regulations regarding processing and treatment of unaccompanied children in the United States comply or violate the international human rights standards. Through closely examining the process in which unaccompanied children are apprehended, detained, and released to sponsors, this thesis aims to gain a deeper understanding of factors contributing to the U.S. government's success or failure in upholding children's rights. It questions whether institutions and agencies involved in rendering protection for unaccompanied children follow the requirements set forth in international human rights law. Through this line of questioning, this thesis argues that although the rights of unaccompanied children are protected procedurally, a full realization of higher level of protection for children afforded by international human rights law is inadequately achieved.
Download or read book Age Determination Practices for Unaccompanied Alien Children electronic Resource written by CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Age determination practices for unaccompanied alien children [electronic resource] : update.
