Download or read book Ultrasonic Phased Array Characterization for Nde Applications written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) recently fabricated and delivered the 100-channel Ultrasonic Phased-Array Testbed System (UPATS) for NASA's Langley Research Center. NASA prepared the specifications and provided the funding to develop UPATS in order to provide a tool for the improvement of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and characterization of materials. UPATS incorporates state-of-the-art phased-array concepts such as beam steering, focusing, apodization, and phase-sensitive detection which make it possible to develop more sophisticated testing methodologies. It also can be used to investigate fundamental ultrasonic propagation and detection phenomena such as refraction, diffraction, scattering, and beam broadening. Hanley, John J. and Tennis, Richard F. and Pickens, Keith S. Langley Research Center NAS1-19402; SwRI Proj. 17-9891...
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays written by Lester W. Schmerr Jr. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes in detail the physical and mathematical foundations of ultrasonic phased array measurements. The book uses linear systems theory to develop a comprehensive model of the signals and images that can be formed with phased arrays. Engineers working in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) will find in this approach a wealth of information on how to design, optimize and interpret ultrasonic inspections with phased arrays. The fundamentals and models described in the book will also be of significant interest to other fields, including the medical ultrasound and seismology communities. A unique feature of this book is that it presents a unified theory of imaging with phased arrays that shows how common imaging methods such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), the total focusing method (TFM), and the physical optics far field inverse scattering (POFFIS) imaging method are all simplified versions of more fundamental and quantitative imaging approaches, called imaging measurement models. To enhance learning, this book first describes the fundamentals of phased array systems using 2-D models, so that the complex 3-D cases normally found in practice can be more easily understood. In addition to giving a detailed discussion of phased array systems, Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays also provides MATLAB® functions and scripts, allowing the reader to conduct simulations of ultrasonic phased array transducers and phased array systems with the latest modeling technology.
Download or read book Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic NDE for Structure and Material Characterization written by Tribikram Kundu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most books on nondestructive evaluation (NDE) focus either on the theoretical background or on advanced applications. Bridging the gap between the two, Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic NDE for Structure and Material Characterization: Engineering and Biomedical Applications brings together the principles, equations, and applications of ultrasonic and
Download or read book Ultrasonics written by Dale Ensminger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-21 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery. Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.
Download or read book Advances in Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology Applications written by and published by Olympus Ndt. This book was released on 2007 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation written by Tribikram Kundu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-12-29 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most books on ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) focus either on its theoretical background or on advanced applications. Furthermore, information on the most current applications, such as guided wave techniques and acoustic microscopy, is scattered throughout various conference proceedings and journals. No one book has integrated these aspe
Download or read book Ultrasonic and Advanced Methods for Nondestructive Testing and Material Characterization written by Chi-hau Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic methods have been very popular in nondestructive testing and characterization of materials. This book deals with both industrial ultrasound and medical ultrasound. The advantages of ultrasound include flexibility, low cost, in-line operation, and providing data in both signal and image formats for further analysis. The book devotes 11 chapters to ultrasonic methods. However, ultrasonic methods can be much less effective with some applications. So the book also has 14 chapters catering to other or advanced methods for nondestructive testing or material characterization. Topics like structural health monitoring, Terahertz methods, X-ray and thermography methods are presented. Besides different sensors for nondestructive testing, the book places much emphasis on signal/image processing and pattern recognition of the signals acquired.
Download or read book Introduction to Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology Applications written by R/D Tech and published by Québec : R/D Tech. This book was released on 2004 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of a 2D Ultrasonic Array Inspection for Single Crystal Turbine Blades written by Christopher Lane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the development of a new technique to solve an important industrial inspection requirement for a high-value jet-engine component. The work – and the story told in the thesis – stretches all the way from the fundamentals of wave propagation in anisotropic material and ultrasonic array imaging through to device production and site trials. The book includes a description of a new method to determine crystallographic orientation from 2D ultrasonic array data. Another new method is described that enables volumetric images of an anisotropic material to be generated from 2D ultrasonic array data, based on measured crystallographic orientation. After extensive modeling, a suitable 2D array and deployment fixtures were manufactured and tested on in situ turbine blades in real engines. The final site trial indicated an order of magnitude improvement over the best existing technique in the detectability of a certain type of root cracking. The Development of a 2D Ultrasonic Array Inspection for Single Crystal Turbine Blades should be an inspiration for those starting out on doctoral degrees as it shows the complete development cycle from basic science to industrial usage.
Download or read book Exploring the Application of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays for Industrial Process Analysis written by Marcus Ingram and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The consolidation of these techniques demonstrates successful application of ultrasonic phased array imaging, both invasively and non-invasively, to a dynamic process stream. Key to industrial uptake of the technology are data throughput and processing, which currently limit its applicability to real-time process analysis, and low sensitivity for some non-invasive applications.
Download or read book Ultrasonic Phased Arrays for the Inspection of Thick Section Welds written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic phased arrays will eventually replace conventional ultrasonic methods in many nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications. However, the transition to phased arrays is not without its pitfalls and challenges. In this report we present a summary of the advantages and limitations of phased-array ultrasonics in NDE, with specific reference to the inspection of thick-section welds. The main advantages offered by phased arrays over conventional systems are increased sensitivity, coverage and speed. The main disadvantages are that (i) phased-array systems are more expensive to purchase, (ii) operation and data interpretation are more difficult and (iii) there can be greater difficulty in achieving good ultrasonic coupling due to the larger probe dimensions. Whilst proper training can overcome the majority of these disadvantages, the main obstacle to a faster uptake of the technology is the lack of widely accepted inspection standards and calibration blocks applicable to phased arrays.
Download or read book Ultrasonic Flaw Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring SHM in Aerospace Structures written by Fuh-Gwo Yuan and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in Aerospace Structures provides readers with the spectacular progress that has taken place over the last twenty years with respect to the area of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). The widespread adoption of SHM could both significantly improve safety and reduce maintenance and repair expenses that are estimated to be about a quarter of an aircraft fleet’s operating costs. The SHM field encompasses transdisciplinary areas, including smart materials, sensors and actuators, damage diagnosis and prognosis, signal and image processing algorithms, wireless intelligent sensing, data fusion, and energy harvesting. This book focuses on how SHM techniques are applied to aircraft structures with particular emphasis on composite materials, and is divided into four main parts. Part One provides an overview of SHM technologies for damage detection, diagnosis, and prognosis in aerospace structures. Part Two moves on to analyze smart materials for SHM in aerospace structures, such as piezoelectric materials, optical fibers, and flexoelectricity. In addition, this also includes two vibration-based energy harvesting techniques for powering wireless sensors based on piezoelectric electromechanical coupling and diamagnetic levitation. Part Three explores innovative SHM technologies for damage diagnosis in aerospace structures. Chapters within this section include sparse array imaging techniques and phase array techniques for damage detection. The final section of the volume details innovative SHM technologies for damage prognosis in aerospace structures. This book serves as a key reference for researchers working within this industry, academic, and government research agencies developing new systems for the SHM of aerospace structures and materials scientists. Provides key information on the potential of SHM in reducing maintenance and repair costs Analyzes current SHM technologies and sensing systems, highlighting the innovation in each area Encompasses chapters on smart materials such as electroactive polymers and optical fibers
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays written by Lester W. Schmerr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-17 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes in detail the physical and mathematical foundations of ultrasonic phased array measurements. The book uses linear systems theory to develop a comprehensive model of the signals and images that can be formed with phased arrays. Engineers working in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) will find in this approach a wealth of information on how to design, optimize and interpret ultrasonic inspections with phased arrays. The fundamentals and models described in the book will also be of significant interest to other fields, including the medical ultrasound and seismology communities. A unique feature of this book is that it presents a unified theory of imaging with phased arrays that shows how common imaging methods such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), the total focusing method (TFM), and the physical optics far field inverse scattering (POFFIS) imaging method are all simplified versions of more fundamental and quantitative imaging approaches, called imaging measurement models. To enhance learning, this book first describes the fundamentals of phased array systems using 2-D models, so that the complex 3-D cases normally found in practice can be more easily understood. In addition to giving a detailed discussion of phased array systems, Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays also provides MATLAB® functions and scripts, allowing the reader to conduct simulations of ultrasonic phased array transducers and phased array systems with the latest modeling technology.
Download or read book Advances in Non destructive Evaluation written by C. K. Mukhopadhyay and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-28 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the proceedings of the Conference and Exhibition on Non Destructive Evaluation, (NDE 2019). The contents of the book encompass a vast spectrum from Conventional to Advanced NDE including novel methods, instrumentation, sensors, procedures and data analytics as applied to all industry segments for quality control, periodic maintenance, life estimation, structural integrity and related areas. This book will be a useful reference for students, researchers and practitioners.
Download or read book 2D Ultrasonic Phased Arrays for Quantitative Characterisation of Complex Defects written by Jerzy Dziewierz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic inspection can be considered as one of many ways the technical system - installation or vehicle - can be made economical and safe. Contemporary ultrasonic systems are capable of detecting a wide variety of mechanical defects and flaws that may or may not affect the operation of a given product. Ultrasonic testing techniques are widely accepted for quality control and material testing. Moreover, the technology is proven, well-understood and widely used. Upon detecting a flaw, a decision has to be made to ensure the component is fit for the purpose: is the flaw acceptable or is repair of the given part or its replacement? Here, 2D ultrasonic phased arrays hold promise to quickly deliver detailed, 3D resolved information about the extent and nature of the flaw. This information can then be used to develop and justify the technical and economic decision concerning the existing state of the product. In effect, an opportunity exists for significant cost savings by using ultrasonic 2D phased array systems for defect characterisation. The interest of the work is to establish a process of designing and manufacturing of piezoelectric, 2D phased array ultrasound probes for application in non-destructive evaluation of materials. Furthermore, implementation of practical signal processing method is investigated. In the first part of the work the sensor mechanical and electrical design is addressed. The properties of piezoelectric ceramic composite materials are studied. Detailed numerical models have been used to analyse conditions required for crafting materials of desirable properties. A novel technique has been demonstrated that allows design of well-behaved triangular cut piezoelectric composite. Built into a single array element (of hexagonal shape by taking 6 triangular pillars) this new composite exhibits properties comparable to a reference rectangular composite (sensitivity of 0.60nm/V for hexagonal, 0.62nm/V for square; and inter-element crosstalk of -21.2dB for hexagonal and -21.9dB for square element). This composite then allows building of compact, dense-layout 2D phased array transducers with hexagonal or sparse element layout. The benefits of hexagonal element layout over classic, rectangular layout have been analysed theoretically and showed to be beneficial. Importantly, using hexagonal elements enables increasing the aperture of individual array elements by approximately 10% without the corresponding drop in acceptance angle. This in turn allows a commensurable rise in the sensitivity of the sensor or alternatively, reduction in array element count for a given overall array aperture by over 20% without the corresponding drop in the image quality measurements/levels. In the second part of the work, the problem of high output impedance of the miniature ultrasonic sensor is addressed by means of an in-probe miniature signal conditioning circuit. This improved the response amplitude of the element by 36dB and shortened its impulse response by a factor of 1.6. The novelty and practical benefit in this case lies in the fact that no high power components are needed in the probe body. In the third part of this work, an emerging General-Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) computer architecture is considered for the opportunities it offers to rethink the implementation of algorithms typically used in ultrasonic signal processing. Single-way beamforming, and two-way TFM and PCF beamforming have been developed for execution on the new platform, and show increase in performance of over 930 times compared to CPU processor. This software platform has been further enhanced by a new approach to solving the refracted ray Time of Flight problem in a way that is particularly well suited for this architecture. This resulted in a further increase of performance, i.e. 56x over the best published result found in the literature. The unprecedented performance and low cost of this new approach enables industrial deployment of advanced beamforming methods, as well as building of practical CAD tools for engineering and education.
Download or read book NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurised Components written by Gyoujin Cho and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 1999-03-12 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of a conference organized by the European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute of Advanced Materials. The conference was held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands in October 1998 and covered all aspects of this highly important subject including links between structural integrity requirements and NDE performance. The development of performance demonstration / qualification for NDE systems and experiance of their application in practice feature prominently. Development of improved NDE systems, new methods of NDE and methods for assessing NDE performance such as modeling are also included.
