Download or read book Ukraine s WTO Accession written by Ihor Burakovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lars Handrich German Advisory Group on Economic Reforms with the Ukrainian Government 1 Ukraine on the way to WTO membership The first announcements by Ukraine to join the World Trade Organisation (WTO) were made in 1993. In the following year the Working group on Ukraine's accession was established. But successive Ukrainian governments had to sideline the issue of WTO accession, as the country went through a decade of unprecedented and severe economic decline. Only in the year 2000 the Ukrainian economy started to achieve positive real economic growth. Since then Ukraine embarked on a stable path of economic growth and continues to grow even under conditions ofa sluggish world economy and protectionist reflexes in some ofUkraine's export markets. According to the macroeconomic forecast of the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting Ukrainian GDP will grow by 5,4% in 2003 in real terms and by 5,I% 1 in 2004. For Ukraine WTO accession is of special importance. Ukraine records an extremely high exports-to-GDP ratio of over 60% - almost twice the ratio for Germany.' The large ratio and the little diversified structure ofUkraine's imports and exports make Ukraine seriously vulnerable to external shocks resulting from changes in trade regimes. Joining the WTO, trade among WTO members amounting to more then 90% of world trade, could reduce the risks related to external trade and Ukraine could derive substantial economic and hence welfare benefits from the membership in WTO.

Download or read book The Impact of WTO Membership written by Anastasia Loginova and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What lessons can be learnt from the accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) of Russia, China, and Ukraine? Were there any peculiarities in the adaptation of their economies to the rules and norms of the organisation, and what impact did it have on the world trade system? This detailed, systematic, and comparative analysis of the social and economic impact of the accession of these countries to the WTO addresses these questions, presenting an economic and legal analysis of the reasons and consequences of their joining the WTO. Comparative legal and economic methods are used to explore the social and economic causes and consequences of membership for post-communist states and to suggest ways in which new members can adapt to WTO standards. This work will be of interest to experts and students in the fields of economics, jurisprudence, and customs affairs.

Download or read book Introduction and Summary to the Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS written by David Tarr and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper is the introduction and summary chapter of the 43 chapter volume entitled Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS. The key policy conclusions of each of the chapters are highlighted in this paper. The Handbook will be published only in Russian in 2005, but an English language version of the majority of the papers described here is available on the website www.worldbank.org/trade/russia-wto. This paper first explains the potential importance of World Trade Organization (WTO) accession as a development tool, and discusses the recent successful development models and the role of trade policy in their development. The paper then summarizes the three parts of the Handbook. The first part treats trade policy (with applications to Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States [CIS]). The second part treats World Trade Organization institutions and disciplines, again with Russia and CIS applications. And the third part focuses on various aspects of the impact of WTO accession on Russia. The numerous papers that relate trade policy and WTO accession to experience in Russia and the CIS are likely to be of special interest to native English speakers, since these papers are new to the literature. The papers in the Handbook are intended to be non-technical materials accessible to a wide policy audience. The Handbook forms the basis of a World Bank Institute course on trade policy and WTO accession, which has been delivered and will be delivered again on multiple occasions. "--World Bank web site.

Download or read book Ukraine in the WTO written by Elena Anatolyevna Bessonova and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 6 years have passed since Ukraine became a member of the WTO. The accession has had both positive and negative effects on the country's economy. The process of accession took place in the absence of any definite economic development strategy. As a consequence, the national manufacturers were hurt in many respects. Ukraine acceded to the WTO on terms rather unfavourable for the country, with little to no regard for the opinions of experts and the business milieu. That resulted in losses for the most vulnerable sectors of Ukraine's economy. Those are the industries which produce high value-added products, including machine building, consumer goods industry and food-processing. This goes to show that the country's WTO membership was detrimental for the innovation-oriented industries involving high technologies. The branches of the real sector of the economy which produce low value-added products (such as agriculture, chemical industry, and metallurgy) fared better. Despite the patterns of poor judgment shown, there are certain positive effects of Ukraine's WTO membership. Among them one can mention the possibility to conduct equitable dialogue with the country's foreign trade partners, enhancement of competitive advantages of the major producers in the real sector, provision of incentives to harnessing new technologies, improvement of production quality in order to enhance the competitiveness on the global market. Ukraine's experience shows that it is obviously necessary for Russia to make efforts in order to ensure that Russia's WTO membership would advantage the national economy and the real sector entities. Russia's WTO membership can give a great impetus to the country development, but only if relevant domestic reforms will adapt Russian economic and legislative institutions to the conditions of the WTO multilateral trade agreements.

Download or read book Ukraine s Trade Policy written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing attention to the importance of the post-WTO accession agenda, this book identifies the key drivers of Ukraine's trade performance, assesses trade policies, and provides recommendations to strengthen the country's trade integration strategy. It also identifies core bottlenecks in the integration processes.

Download or read book WTO Accession for Countries in Transition written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1998 Accession to the World Trade Organization should be expedited, and the processing time for applications reduced to no more than two years. This would enable the WTO to achieve universal membership in the next five years, a worthwhile objective for the international community. Countries in transition have considered membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) an important step toward integration in the international economic system. After several years of negotiations, five members of the former Soviet Union (FSU)-Armenia, the three Baltic countries, and the Kyrgyz Republic-may become members in 1998. It will probably take longer for Russia, Ukraine, and some others. It takes four to five years to process applications for FSU countries-which is close to average for recent applicants. The five countries expected to accede to the WTO this year are among the more liberal members of the FSU. With those five processed, there will be a backlog of another 26 applications, most them countries in transition, including China and Russia. At the current rate of processing, it will take five to six years to process them-and a decade or more for the 25 or so developing and transition economies that have yet to apply. Processing is time-consuming because: * Legislative requirements needed for accession are time-consuming. * Candidate countries are weak institutionally and unfamiliar with the economic and legal issues to be addressed. * The fact finding process is unneccessarily cumbersome and time-consuming. * Technical assistance to applicants in meeting the requirements for WTO accession is not effectively coordinated. * Addressing the commercial interests of all members requires protracted negotiations. Governments seeking accession must coordinate the legislative and regulatory changes needed in their foreign trade regimes, adopt liberal trade policies, and identify areas of institutional weakness that require delays in implementation of WTO provisions and seek agreement on such delays. WTO members, for their part, should expedite the process, as universal membership is in everyone's best interest. They should: * Agree to suitable, time-bound extensions to allow acceding governments to address institutional weaknesses. * Provide coordinated assistance to acceding countries to strengthen their institutional capacity. * Streamline the fact finding aspects of the accession process and give the WTO secretariat the budgetary resources it needs to work with applicant governments for this purpose. This paper is part of a larger effort of the World Bank to collaborate with the World Trade Organization in developing approaches for the more effective integration of the developing countries and transition economies in the international trading system. The author may be contacted at [email protected].

Download or read book Ukraine s WTO Accession from the Politico economic Perspective written by Artem Yenin and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Russian Wto Accession what Has Been Accomplished what Can be Expected written by David Tarr and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes the principal reform commitments that Russia has undertaken as part of its World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations, providing detailed assessments in banking, insurance, and agriculture. The paper assesses the gains to the Russian economy from these commitments, based on a summary of several modeling efforts undertaken by the author and his colleagues. The author compares Russian commitments with those of other countries that have recently acceded to the WTO to assess the claim that the demands on Russia are excessive due to political considerations. He explains why Russian WTO accession will result in the elimination of the Jackson-Vanik Amendment against Russia. Finally, he discusses the remaining issues in the negotiations and the time frame for Russian accession as of the fall of 2007.

Download or read book Accession to the Wto written by Igor Eromenko and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research studies the accession of a developing country to the World Trade Organisation on the case of Ukraine. Quantitative results are obtained by building a Computable General Equilibrium model in the mathematical programming language General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). Four scenarios are simulated: 1) import tariffs reform; 2) improvement of exports access; 3) improvement of investment climate and 4) the scenario that combines previous three, or a full WTO accession. The results of the model show that in all scenarios there is growth of both exports and imports. By contrast, output and household consumption levels vary from scenario to scenario. The first two simulations, tariff reform and improvement of export access, show no significant change in domestic production and consumption. Thus, with expanded trade and practically the same output and consumption, Ukraine merely becomes more open and shifts to foreign trade. In the third scenario, improvement of investment climate has the most favourable results. Owning to better allocation of resources, both domestic production and consumption expand and the welfare of households increases.

Download or read book Economic Impact of Ukraine s WTO Accession First Results from a Computable General Equilibrium Model written by Igor Burakovsʹkyj and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ukraine written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objectives of this study are the following: 1) foster a better understanding of key drivers of recent trade performance; 2) assess current trade policies and provide additional recommendations to strengthen the Government's trade integration strategy; 3) identify core bottlenecks in the ongoing integration processes, especially with WTO accession; and 4) develop recommendations for Ukraine's international partners to provide Ukraine with a level playing field in terms in international trade, and the government with additional technical assistance that would help Ukraine upgrade its trade policies and institutions. The report's main messages are: The current trade patterns are unsustainable in the longer term because they depend heavily on temporary factors. Significant export diversification is critical for export to become a reliable source of future economic growth. The main obstacles to furthering Ukraine's trade integration are domestic and relate to serious deficiencies in the business environment, specifically in customs administration, standardization, and administrative barriers for new entry require immediate attention. To utilize its potential, it needs to drastically increase inward foreign direct investment (FDI). The policy of global trade integration should be given priority over regional integration processes. Completing WTO accession is an over-riding policy priority for Ukraine. A simultaneous push toward free trade arrangements in both directions (EU and CIS) fits well with Ukraine's longer-term interests. Efforts to advance free trade should be de-linked from other policy objectives (such as EU membership and CIS Customs Union).

Download or read book Ukraine written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objectives of this study are the following: 1) foster a better understanding of key drivers of recent trade performance; 2) assess current trade policies and provide additional recommendations to strengthen the Government's trade integration strategy; 3) identify core bottlenecks in the ongoing integration processes, especially with WTO accession; and 4) develop recommendations for Ukraine's international partners to provide Ukraine with a level playing field in terms in international trade, and the government with additional technical assistance that would help Ukraine upgrade its trade policies and institutions. The report's main messages are: The current trade patterns are unsustainable in the longer term because they depend heavily on temporary factors. Significant export diversification is critical for export to become a reliable source of future economic growth. The main obstacles to furthering Ukraine's trade integration are domestic and relate to serious deficiencies in the business environment, specifically in customs administration, standardization, and administrative barriers for new entry require immediate attention. To utilize its potential, it needs to drastically increase inward foreign direct investment (FDI). The policy of global trade integration should be given priority over regional integration processes. Completing WTO accession is an over-riding policy priority for Ukraine. A simultaneous push toward free trade arrangements in both directions (EU and CIS) fits well with Ukraine's longer-term interests. Efforts to advance free trade should be de-linked from other policy objectives (such as EU membership and CIS Customs Union).

Download or read book Protocol on the Accession of Ukraine written by World Trade Organization and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Russia and Ukraine written by George E. Reed and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of general legal and technical requirements for food and agricultural imports and exports imposed by the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Many of Russia's food and trade regulations have or are undergoing reform as the Russia-Belarus-Kazakhstan Customs Union (CU) continues policy integration. Russia also continues to adjust policies pursuant to its recent WTO accession. In practice, Russia continues coordinating policy reform closely with the European Union, and as a result, changes in regulation reflect those of its primary trade partner. Additionally, the Ukraine possesses a complicated and costly food safety system inherited from the Soviet Union. Controls are implemented by various state agencies that often have overlapping functions. In late 2010, the Government of Ukraine started a major reform of the regulatory system aimed at reducing the number of controlling bodies and clear separation of their authorities.

Download or read book The Accession of Kazakhstan Russia and Ukraine to the WTO written by Saule Burkitbayeva and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "International trade in wheat accounts for approximately one third of world grain trade and is expected to double by 2050. The KRU (Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine) countries account for approximately a quarter of world wheat exports and are collectively considered one of the key wheat exporting regions. The Ukraine became a member of the WTO only in 2008. Russia became an official member of the WTO in 2012 and Kazakhstan is expected to follow Russia and reach an accession deal with WTO members shortly. As a result of WTO accession, all three countries will be entitled to "most favoured nation" (MFN tariffs), and hence, gain improved access to a number of important markets that have been largely inaccessible due to very high tariffs that could be charged on imports from non-WTO countries. World wheat trade liberalization, reflecting the move to the MFN tariff as a result of accession, was simulated using the global simulation model (GSIM). The KRU region's increased market accessibility as a result of successful accession to the WTO has the potential to foster important re-alignments in world wheat trade flows, prices and changes in welfare among major wheat trading countries. The simulation results suggest that the change to MFN tariffs leads to KRU countries trading more with now freer markets such as Turkey, the EU and China. Major traditional wheat exporters such as Australia, Canada, the EU, and the US do not seem to be negatively impacted to any important degree. Their relative market access conditions, however, erode in Turkish, Middle Eastern, and North African markets with their exports being diverted and broadly distributed among other countries and regions at marginally reduced prices. Trade liberalization is not uniform across regions and, hence, leads to different net welfare changes across countries. Those welfare changes, however, appear to be modest"--Abstract.

Download or read book The Accession of Kazakhstan Russia and Ukraine to the WTO written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "International trade in wheat accounts for approximately one third of world grain trade and is expected to double by 2050. The KRU (Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine) countries account for approximately a quarter of world wheat exports and are collectively considered one of the key wheat exporting regions. The Ukraine became a member of the WTO only in 2008. Russia became an official member of the WTO in 2012 and Kazakhstan is expected to follow Russia and reach an accession deal with WTO members shortly. As a result of WTO accession, all three countries will be entitled to "most favoured nation" (MFN tariffs), and hence, gain improved access to a number of important markets that have been largely inaccessible due to very high tariffs that could be charged on imports from non-WTO countries. World wheat trade liberalization, reflecting the move to the MFN tariff as a result of accession, was simulated using the global simulation model (GSIM). The KRU region's increased market accessibility as a result of successful accession to the WTO has the potential to foster important re-alignments in world wheat trade flows, prices and changes in welfare among major wheat trading countries. The simulation results suggest that the change to MFN tariffs leads to KRU countries trading more with now freer markets such as Turkey, the EU and China. Major traditional wheat exporters such as Australia, Canada, the EU, and the US do not seem to be negatively impacted to any important degree. Their relative market access conditions, however, erode in Turkish, Middle Eastern, and North African markets with their exports being diverted and broadly distributed among other countries and regions at marginally reduced prices. Trade liberalization is not uniform across regions and, hence, leads to different net welfare changes across countries. Those welfare changes, however, appear to be modest"--Abstract.

Download or read book Intellectual Property Right as a Key Obstacle to Russia s who Accession written by Sherman Katz and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: