Download or read book Ubiquitin and the Brain Roles of Proteolysis in the Normal and Abnormal Nervous System written by Ashok N. Hegde and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) in the nervous system has been extensively studied both in the context of normal physiological function as well as abnormal pathological conditions. Although ubiquitin was used as a marker of brain pathology, the normal functions of the UPP were not studied much in the nervous system until the 1990s. The early investigations focused on synaptic plasticity which was followed by studies on the roles of protein degradation in the development of the nervous system. Research on the role of abnormal roles of the UPP follows a parallel trajectory. Since the 2000s, the field has grown to encompass many subareas of research and several model systems. Despite the progress made, many unanswered questions still remain. For example, there are many unknowns about the precise spatial and temporal control of protein degradation in the normal nervous system. With respect to the roles of proteolysis in brain pathology a major challenge is to elucidate the connection between impaired protein degradation and disease progression. In addition, in-depth studies of the roles of ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated proteolysis in neurodegenerative diseases are promising in identifying therapeutic targets. This ebook contains original research papers and insightful reviews that cover several aspects of proteolysis by the UPP and its physiological as well as pathological functions in the nervous system.
Download or read book Involvements of TRP Channels Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Mustafa Naziroglu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-05-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Macromolecular Protein Complexes III Structure and Function written by J. Robin Harris and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers important topics such as the dynamic structure and function of the 26S proteasome, the DNA replication machine: structure and dynamic function and the structural organization and protein–protein interactions in the human adenovirus capsid, to mention but a few. The 18 chapters included here, written by experts in their specific field, are at the forefront of scientific knowledge. The impressive integration of structural data from X-ray crystallography with that from cryo-electron microscopy is apparent throughout the book. In addition, functional aspects are also given a high priority. Chapter 1 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Subacute Spongiform Encephalopathy Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease written by Colin L. Masters and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues in Biochemistry and Biophysics Research 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Biochemistry and Biophysics Research: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Biological Crystallography. The editors have built Issues in Biochemistry and Biophysics Research: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Biological Crystallography in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Biochemistry and Biophysics Research: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Neuropathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Gabor G. Kovacs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical guide to the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases discusses modern molecular techniques, morphological classification, fundamentals of clinical symptomology, diagnostic pitfalls and immunostaining protocols. It is based on the proteinopathy concept of neurodegenerative disease, which has influenced classification and provides new strategies for therapy. Numerous high-quality images, including histopathology photomicrographs and neuroradiology scans, accompany the description of morphologic alterations and interpretation of immunoreactivities. Diagnostic methods and criteria are placed within recent developments in neuropathology, including the now widespread application of immunohistochemistry. To aid daily practice, the guide includes diagnostic algorithms and offers personal insights from experienced experts in the field. Special focus is given to the way brain tissue should be handled during diagnosis. This is a must-have reference for medical specialists and specialist medical trainees in the fields of pathology, neuropathology and neurology working with neuropathologic features of neurodegenerative diseases.
Download or read book Ubiquitin Proteasome System written by Matthew Summers and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is comprised of nearly 1000 proteins. Although originally identified as a mechanism of protein destruction, the UPS has numerous additional functions and mediates central signaling events in myriad processes involved in both cellular and organismal health and homeostasis. Numerous pathways within the UPS are implicated in disease, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's. The goal of this book is to deliver a collection of synopses of current areas of UPS research that highlights the importance of understanding the biology of the UPS to identify disease-relevant pathways, and the need to elucidate the molecular machinations within the UPS to develop methods for therapeutic modulation of these pathways.
Download or read book Cyclin Dependent Kinase 5 Cdk5 written by Nancy Y. Ip and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-28 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyclin Dependent Kinase 5 provides a comprehensive and up-to-date collection of reviews on the discovery, signaling mechanisms and functions of Cdk5, as well as the potential implication of Cdk5 in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Since the identification of this unique member of the Cdk family, Cdk5 has emerged as one of the most important signal transduction mediators in the development, maintenance and fine-tuning of neuronal functions and networking. Further studies have revealed that Cdk5 is also associated with the regulation of neuronal survival during both developmental stages and in neurodegenerative diseases. These observations indicate that precise control of Cdk5 is essential for the regulation of neuronal survival. The pivotal role Cdk5 appears to play in both the regulation of neuronal survival and synaptic functions thus raises the interesting possibility that Cdk5 inhibitors may serve as therapeutic treatment for a number of neurodegenerative diseases.
Download or read book Model Systems of Development and Aging of the Nervous System written by Antonia Vernadakis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade has generated a multitude of studies using in vitro model systems to explore growth and differentiation of the nervous system. Although the findings have been exciting and have revealed unique properties of neural cells, considerable concern continues to be expressed regarding the significance of in vitro findings in terms of their applicability to in vivo biological events. To examine this issue further, a group of scientists pre sented and discussed their findings at a conference sponsored by the Institute of Developmental Neuroscience and Aging held in Crete, Greece, 26-29 May 1985. The conference was cosponsored by the University of Crete and was generously supported by the Ministry of Research and Technology of Greece, Tourism Organization of Greece, and also Sandoz and FIDIA. The Directors of the Institute of Developmental Neuroscience and Aging are indebted to these Institutions for their support. For the success of this conference, the Directors owe much to Drs. Eleni Fleischer-Lambropoulos and Yiannis Tsouderos, who spent countless hours in making arrangements so that the participants would have not only a scientific, but also a unique cultural, experience. Several chapters of this book focus on the complex phenomena of neurogenesis and gliogenesis, and the modulation of neuronal differentiation. The concept that neuronal differentiation has both genetic and epigenetic components is documented by elegant studies using both in vitro cultured cells and neurons transplanted in vivo.
Download or read book Thyroid Hormone Metabolism written by Georg Hennemann and published by Marcel Dekker. This book was released on 1986 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Septin CDCrel 1 microform Protein Associations Modifications and Effects on Exocytosis written by Crestina L. Beites and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SNARE proteins mediate the docking and/or fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane. However, it is not clearly understood how this process is regulated. In a search for potential SNARE regulators, we have identified a novel snare interacting protein, the septin CDCrel-1. Septins were first identified as filamentous proteins required for cytokinesis in yeast. However, in mammals little is known about their functions. I show here that cdcrel-1 is predominantly expressed in the brain where it associates with membranes via binding to syntaxin 1A. Wildtype CDCrel-1 transfected into HIT-T15 cells inhibits secretion while mutated forms of CDCrel-1 potentiate secretion, suggesting that cdcrel-1 may be regulating vesicle targeting and/or fusion events. I further map the CDCrel-1 domains important for syntaxin binding and investigate the ability of CDCrel-1 to bind to syntaxin when in various SNARE complexes. CDCrel-1 can bind syntaxin in a SNARE complex, but its binding is occluded by alpha-SNAP. This suggests that CDCrel-1 may act as a novel filamentous element, regulating the delivery and/or fusion of vesicles to the presynaptic membrane through its interaction with syntaxin and the 7S complex. The regulation of filaments may be via post-translational modifications. Indeed we have discovered a novel interaction between SUMO E3 PIAS proteins and CDCrel-1. The conjugation of SUMO to substrates is dependent upon an E1 and E2, whereas specificity is mediated by an E3. Although several SUMO-1 substrates have been characterized, conjugation solely by SUMO-2/3 has not been described. Here I describe the colocalization of CDCrel-1 with SUMO-2 and 3 but not SUMO-1. Transfection of SUMO-2/3 but not SUMO-1 causes a reorganization of CDCrel-1 distribution in CHO cells. Furthermore, CDCrel-1 sequesters the nuclear pool of SUMO-2/3 and of the E2 Ubc9 but not SUMO1 into the cytoplasm. Sumoylation of CDCrel-l is shown in vivo and putative SUMO modification sites on CDCrel-1 are investigated by deletion of lysine residues. These experiments strongly suggest that CDCrel-1 is sumoylated specifically by SUMO-2/3. Sumoylation of CDCrel-1 may therefore play a regulatory role in secretion and septin filament formation. Future work will be aimed at determining the functional significance of SUMO modified CDCrel-1.
Download or read book Proteostasis and Disease written by Rosa Barrio and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by members of the European network PROTEOSTASIS, provides an up-to-date review of the research regarding protein homeostasis in health and disease. With new discoveries contributing to the increasing complexity of this topic, the book offers a detailed overview of the pathways regulating protein homeostasis, including autophagy and the ubiquitin protein family. Following a basic introduction, it explains how defects in protein homeostasis contribute to numerous pathologies, including cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammation and a number of rare diseases. In addition, it discusses, the role of protein homeostasis in cellular development and physiology. Highlighting the latest research in the field of protein homeostasis and its implications for various clinically relevant diseases, the book appeals to researchers and clinicians, while also offering a reference guide for scholars who are new to the field.
Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Homeostatic Control of Brain Function written by Detlev Boison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Uday Kishore and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the pathophysiological complexities of the mechanisms and factors that are likely to be involved in a range of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, other Dementia, Parkinson Diseases and Multiple Sclerosis. The spectrum of diverse factors involved in neurodegeneration, such as protein aggregation, oxidative stress, caspases and secretase, regulators, cholesterol, zinc, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, etc, have been discussed in the context of disease progression. In addition, novel approaches to therapeutic interventions have also been presented. It is hoped that students, scientists and clinicians shall find this very informative book immensely useful and thought-provoking.
Download or read book Posttranslational Modification of Proteins written by Christopher Walsh and published by Roberts and Company Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the major classes of posttranslational modifications, Posttranslational Modification of Proteins is the first comprehensive treatment of this burgeoning area of proteome diversification.
