Download or read book Two NATO Allies at the Threshold of War written by Parker T. Hart and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As ambassador to Turkey during the Cyprus crisis (1965–1968), Parker T. Hart provides an insider’s view of the management of that crisis in NATO and Greek-Turkish relations. Greece and most Greek Cypriots favoredenosis(union with Greece), but Turkey and the Turk Cypriots were prepared to go to war to prevent such an annexation. A massacre of Turk Cypriot villagers in November 1967 focused the anger of Turkey, which was prepared to send troops to Cyprus to equalize the preponderance of forces led by General George Grivas. The determined mediation of special presidential envoy Cyrus R. Vance prevented the initiation of all-out hostilities. Vance engineered a withdrawal of mainland Greek forces in excess of existing treaty levels in exchange for a standdown of Turkish forces. The Vance mission diffused the crisis and salvaged the integrity of NATO, and a Greek-Turkish agreement to sponsor and encourage intercommunal negotiations followed. Hart has relied on his own papers from the period, as well as on United Nations sources from the Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library, and on the papers of the other key participants in the Crisis, Ambassador to Greece Phillips Talbot, Ambassador to Cyprus Taylor G. Belcher, and Cyrus Vance, to provide a rare play-by-play analysis of the crisis and its resolution.
Download or read book Beyond NATO written by Michael E. O'Hanlon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O'Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe's far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia. The new security architecture would require that Russia, like NATO, commit to help uphold the security of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and other states in the region. Russia would have to withdraw its troops from those countries in a verifiable manner; after that, corresponding sanctions on Russia would be lifted. The neutral countries would retain their rights to participate in multilateral security operations on a scale comparable to what has been the case in the past, including even those operations that might be led by NATO. They could think of and describe themselves as Western states (or anything else, for that matter). If the European Union and they so wished in the future, they could join the EU. They would have complete sovereignty and self-determination in every sense of the word. But NATO would decide not to invite them into the alliance as members. Ideally, these nations would endorse and promote this concept themselves as a more practical way to ensure their security than the current situation or any other plausible alternative.
Download or read book North Atlantic Treaty Organization written by Phil Williams and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The United States and Greek Turkish Relations written by Spyros Katsoulas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of the United States in Greek–Turkish relations and fills an important gap in alliance theory regarding the guardian’s dilemma. The strategy of a great power involves not only tackling threats from enemies, but also dealing with problems that arise between allies. Every time Greece and Turkey threatened to go to war against each other, the United States had to effectively restrain its two strategic allies without straining relations with either one of them. This book explores how the United States responded to the guardian’s dilemma in six crises during the Cold War, pursuing a policy of dual restraint to prevent an intra-alliance conflict, mitigate the consequences of each crisis, and maintain effective control of the Rimland Bridge. From a neoclassical-realist standpoint, the book examines how the United States responded to each Greek–Turkish crisis, for what reasons, and with what results. It will be of interest to scholars of foreign policy, security studies, geopolitics, and international relations.
Download or read book NATO s First Enlargement written by Evanthis Hatzivassiliou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses the entry of Greece and Turkey to NATO in 1952 from the perspective of history and international relations. The chapters were originally collected in 2012 to mark the occasion of the sixtieth anniversary of the accession of the two states to NATO. The focus is not on the diplomatic/political events that led to the accession (a subject which has already been extensively discussed in the available bibliography), but expands on a reassessment of this event for the two states as well as for the Balkans, covering aspects of the wider post-war period and providing perspectives for the policies of Turkey, Greece and NATO until the present day. This book was originally published as a special issue of Southeast European and Black Sea Studies.
Download or read book Realism and Human Rights in US Policy toward Greece Turkey and Cyprus written by Sotiris Rizas and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of this book is the interplay between Realism and Human Rights in the formulation of US policy towards Greece and Turkey with respect to the Cyprus and the Aegean disputes and the domestic politics of the two countries from the Truman to the Carter administration. The policies of successive administrations, and those of Johnson and Nixon in the 1960s and 1970s, were formulated upon the requirements of containment as this was conceived in 1946-47 by the Truman administration. Realpolitik dominated the agenda and issues related to values and norms were secondary although not unimportant. Whenever a choice had to be made between realpolitik and human rights the former was the main consideration of American policy-makers. Although committed to the recalibration of US foreign policy toward human rights, the Carter administration did not depart from these premises in the formulation of its policy in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Download or read book Turkish Foreign Policy 1774 2000 written by William Hale and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 2002 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: France and the Algerian War : strategy / Martin S. Alexander -- Operations and diplomacy / J.F.V. Keiger -- The French Army 'Centre for Training and Preparation in Counter-Gerrilla Warfare' (CIPCG) at Arzew / Frédéric Guelton -- A case of successful pacification : the 584th Bataillon du Train at Bordj de l'Agha (1956-57) / Alexander Zervoudakis -- Aerial intelligence during the Algerian War / Marie-Catherine Villatoux, Paul Villatoux -- The French Navy and the Algerian War / Bernard Estival-- The Gaullists, the French Army and Algeria before 1958 : common cause or marriage of convenience? / Stephen Tyre -- De Gaulle, the 'Anglo-Saxons' and the Algerian War / Irwin M. Wall -- France, the United States and the invisible Algerian outcome / Charles G. Cogan -- The British embassy in Paris and the Algerian War : an uncomfortable partner? / Christopher Goldsmith -- The British government and the end of French Algeria, 1958-62 / Martin Thomas.
Download or read book America Britain and the Cyprus Crisis of 1974 Calculated Conspiracy or Foreign Policy Failure written by Dr. Andreas Constandinos and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2009-06-29 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America, Britain and the Cyprus Crisis of 1974 examines recently released and declassified British and American government documents, in order to scrutinize the roles played by both of these countries during the Cyprus crisis of 1974. It evaluates British and American aims towards Cyprus, analysing in particular the roles played by British Foreign Secretary James Callaghan and US Secretary of State Dr. Henry Kissinger, and their respective relationships with the Cypriot, Greek and Turkish governments. Also, the book considers Whitehall and Washington's responses to the Greek military coup, the Turkish invasion, the two Geneva conferences on Cyprus and the second, consolidatory, phase of the Turkish invasion. Ultimately, the book seeks to ascertain whether there exists any credible evidence to support the belief that Britain and/or America were complicit in the coup against President Makarios as well as whether they colluded with Ankara in her subsequent partition of the island.
Download or read book NATO s Southern Allies written by John Chipman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-01-14 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the internal sources of foreign policy within those NATO states whose primary security concerns lie in the southern area of the Alliance. It takes a careful look at foreign and defence policy formulation and assesses the special perspective of each of these countries inturn and the military threats that they face. Attention is paid to the role of the military in society, especially in the geographically peripheral states, as the Alliance seeks to adapt to a possible shift southward of some of its security concerns. A full understanding of the politics in each of these states is essential to determine the relative importance of national and Alliance priorities in each country as the tensions between external policies and internal necessities increase. The book offers an assessment of evolving security requirements in the southern region and of the capacity of NATO Mediterranean states to deal individually and collectively with the changing situation.
Download or read book Regional Guide to International Conflict and Management from 1945 to 2003 written by Jacob Bercovitch and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2004-11-23 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regional Guide to International Conflict Management from 1945 to 2003 provides global, regional, and specific information on the over 350 international conflicts that have occurred since World War II. At the heart of the book are comprehensive regional sections, each of which includes: An essay providing regional context and highlighting the interrelation of countries and conflict in that area Summaries of each conflict in the region, arranged chronologically and covering history, circumstances, players, management, and outcome References for further research. Introductory chapters examine global patterns and trends in international conflict and how conflict is managed, including ethnic conflict and the expanded role of the United Nations. Tables, figures, maps, and a comprehensive index round out this valuable resource. Regional Guide to International Conflict and Management from 1945 to 2003 gives readers the tools and content necessary for understanding and analyzing international conflict in today′s world. Perfect for political science, comparative government/politics, international relations, and world history programs.
Download or read book Western Europe 2024 2025 written by Wayne C. Thompson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2024-09-03 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Today Series: Western Europe is an annually updated presentation of each sovereign country in Western Europe, past and present. It is organized by individual chapters for each country expertly covering the region’s geography, people, history, political system, constitution, parliament, parties, political leaders and elections. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail along with its informed projections make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors and students. Now in its 42nd edition, the content is thorough yet perfect for a one-semester introductory course or general library reference. Available in both print and e-book formats and priced low to fit student budgets.
Download or read book Hegemony and Democracy written by Bruce Russett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hegemony and Democracy is constructed around the question of whether hegemony is sustainable, especially when the hegemon is a democratic state. The book draws on earlier publications over Bruce Russett’s long career and features new chapters that show the continuing relevance of his scholarship. In examining hegemony during and after the Cold War, it addresses: The importance of domestic politics in the formulation of foreign policy; The benefits and costs of seeking security through military power at the expense of expanding networks of shared national and transnational institutions; The incentives of other states to bandwagon with a strong but unthreatening hegemon and 'free-ride' on benefits it may provide rather than to balance against a powerful hegemon. The degree to which hegemony and democracy undermine or support each other. By applying theories of collective action and foreign policy, Russett explores the development of American hegemony and the prospects for a democratic hegemon to retain its influence during the coming decades. This collection is an essential volume for students and scholars of International Relations, American Politics, and US Foreign Policy.
Download or read book Turkish Foreign Policy Since 1774 written by William M. Hale and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated version of William Hale's Turkish Foreign Policy 1774-2000 offers a comprehensive and analytical survey of Turkish foreign policy since the last quarter of the eighteenth century, when the Turks' relations with the rest of the world entered their most critical phase. In recent years Turkey's international role has changed and expanded dramatically, and the new edition revisits the chapters and topics covered in light of these changes. Drawing on newly available information and ideas, the author carefully alters the earlier historical narrative while preserving the clarity and accessibility of the original. Combining the long historical perspective with a detailed survey and analysis of the most recent developments, this book fills a clear gap in the literature on Turkey's modern history. For readers with a broader interest in international history, it also offers a crucial example of how a medium sized power has acted in the international environment.
Download or read book War and Reason written by Bruce Bueno de Mesquita and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVIn this landmark work, two leading theorists of international relations analyze the strategies designed to avoid international conflict. Using a combination of game theory, statistical analysis, and detailed case histories, Bruce Bueno de Mesquita and David Lalman evaluate the conditions that promote negotiation, the status quo, capitulation, acquiescence, and war. The authors assess two competing theories on the role that domestic politics plays in foreign policy choices: one states that national decision makers are constrained only by the exigencies of the international system, and the other views leaders as additionally constrained by domestic political considerations. Finding the second theory to be more consistent with historical events, they use it to examine enduring puzzles such as why democracies do not appear to fight one another, whether balance of power or power preponderance promotes peaceful resolution of disputes, and what conditions are necessary and sufficient for nations to cooperate with one another. They conclude by speculating about the implications of their theory for foreign policy strategies in the post-Cold War world./div
Download or read book Western Europe 2023 2024 written by Wayne C. Thompson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Europe 2020–2022 provides students with vital information on all countries on the African continent through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends.
Download or read book Tsarist Russia and Balkan Nationalism written by Charles Jelavich and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1958.
Download or read book International Armed Conflict Since 1945 written by Herbert K. Tillema and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Armed Conflict Since 1945 is a bibliographic handbook that briefly describes each of 269 international wars and other war-threatening conflicts occurring between 1945 and 1988. .
