Download or read book Two Centuries of Corrections in Pennsylvania written by John C. McWilliams and published by Pennsylvania Department of Corrections. This book was released on 2002 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Penology in Pennsylvania written by Harry Elmer Barnes and published by Indianapolis, Bobbs-Merrill [c1927]. This book was released on 1927 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brief Sketch of the Origin and History of the State Penitentiary for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia written by Richard Vaux and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stebbins P E History of law enforcement and correction in Pennsylvania written by Pennsylvania Adult Correctional Training Institutes (PACT). and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pennsylvania System of Separate Confinement Explained and Defended written by Pennsylvania Prison Society and published by . This book was released on 1867 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brief Sketch of the Origin and History of the State Penitentiary for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia written by Richard Vaux and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-05-01 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1872. The publishing house Anatiposi publishes historical books as reprints. Due to their age, these books may have missing pages or inferior quality. Our aim is to preserve these books and make them available to the public so that they do not get lost.
Download or read book The Pennsylvania Bureau of Correction written by Pennsylvania. Bureau of Correction and published by . This book was released on 1975* with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Justice Bureau of Correction written by Pennsylvania. Bureau of Correction and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prisoners in Pennsylvania written by Pennsylvania. Bureau of Correction and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolution of Correctional Methods in the Prisons of Pennsylvania and New York 1787 1865 written by Friedrich Hoefer and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pennsylvania Journal of prison discipline and philanthropy written by Pennsylvania Prison Society and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Pennsylvania Journal of prison discipline and philanthropy" by Pennsylvania Prison Society. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.
Download or read book Institutionalizing the Pennsylvania System written by Ashley T. Rubin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I examine the puzzling case of Eastern State Penitentiary and its long-term retention of a unique mode of confinement between 1829 and 1875. Most prisons built in the nineteenth century followed the "Auburn System" of congregate confinement in which inmates worked daily in factory-like settings and retreated at night to solitary confinement. By contrast, Eastern State Penitentiary (f. 1829, Philadelphia) followed the "Pennsylvania System" of separate confinement in which each inmate was confined to his own cell for the duration of his sentence, engaging in workshop-style labor and receiving religious ministries, education, and visits from selected personnel. Between 1829 and the 1860s, Eastern faced strong pressures to conform to field-wide norms and adopt the Auburn System. As the progenitor of the Pennsylvania System, Eastern became the target of a debate raging over the appropriate model of "prison discipline." Supporters of the Auburn System (penal reformers and other prisons' administrators) propagated calumnious myths, arguing that the Pennsylvania System was cruel and inhumane, dangerous to inmates' physical and mental health, too expensive, and simply impractical and ineffective. Largely as a result of these myths, only three other prisons followed this model, including another prison in Pennsylvania, Western State Penitentiary. However, by the Civil War, all three prisons abandoned the System in practice and then formally rejected it, citing the manifestation of the myths at their prisons. Eastern maintained its allegiance. Even after overcrowding struck in 1866, making separation for all inmates impossible, Eastern's administrators continued to aspire to their Pennsylvania System. In the years after the Civil War, the Auburn-Pennsylvania debate faded and penal reformers moved on to new issues. The carceral field grew less isomorphic (homogeneous) as new facilities (adult reformatories in the North and plantation-style prisons in the South) emerged. The Auburn System itself had to evolve as new challenges emerged. The earlier pressures to conform had declined by the late 1870s. Ironically, it was in this context that Eastern effectively, but quietly, abandoned the Pennsylvania System. While legislative authorization continued until 1913, the Pennsylvania System was virtually unrecognizable at Eastern by the late 1870s as administrators sought to deal with an ever-growing prison population by double-celling inmates in violation of the principle of separate confinement to which they subscribed. As one of the first modern prisons, the progenitor of a distinctive mode of confinement, and an exception to the historical trend, Eastern is one of the most famous prisons in penal history. However, its lengthy and exceptional retention of the Pennsylvania System remains significantly under-theorized. Instead, scholars have largely sought to explain Eastern's initial adoption of the Pennsylvania System, focusing on the unique features of that system (e.g., Dumm, 1987; Rothman, 1971; Rusche and Kirchheimer, 1939; see also Meranze, 1996). This study seeks to determine how and why the Pennsylvania System remained the model of confinement at Eastern despite pressures that encouraged conformity to a different model of confinement. I employ historical content analyses of archival materials consisting of a wide range of primary-source documents relating to the prison. These documents include Eastern's widely circulated Annual Reports to the legislature, private documents maintained by Eastern personnel and penal reformers that reveal actual practice at Eastern, and penal reform literature and penal legislation from across the United States that provide insights into the pressures from the field. I find that the most important factor behind the Pennsylvania System's longevity at Eastern was the long-lasting support of its administrators (administrative support). While local penal reformers were useful in maintaining the statutory authorization of the Pennsylvania System and defending it against criticism from the field, they had little influence over public or private organizational behavior at Eastern. Moreover, legislative authorization was likely only minimally significant as the authority of the legislature, including actual legislation, was often disregarded by prison administrators, who saw themselves as the proper authority on penological matters. Thus, available countervailing forces were quite weak and unlikely to have played a significant role in overcoming pressures towards conformity. Apparently promising contextual explanations, moreover, fall apart upon investigation. Counterfactual evidence provides the most promising guidance: The lack of administrative support at other prisons that adopted the Pennsylvania System was highly significant in its failure at those prisons. At Eastern, by contrast, prison administrators maintained constant support of the Pennsylvania System&mdashoften in ways that mitigated against the same factors that led other prisons' administrators to abandon the Pennsylvania System for more efficient methods. Through vehement rhetorical defenses, Eastern's administrators countered the veracity of reformers' unflattering myths. Administrators also imposed strategic marginal alterations of the Pennsylvania System, manipulating features of their system to reduce its vulnerability to manifestations of the calumnious myths. Through these two tactics, they protected the Pennsylvania System at Eastern from factors that caused its demise at other prisons. Why did Eastern's administrators expend this effort to protect an unpopular system of prison discipline? I suggest that retaining the Pennsylvania System at Eastern offered administrators particular benefits that overcame the challenges associated with exceptionalism. Specifically, I argue that the Pennsylvania System had become institutionalized (Selznick, 1949, 1957) at Eastern in the sense that it was meaningful to Eastern's administrators beyond its utility as a basic set of instructions regarding how to incarcerate criminals to achieve their reformation, deterrence, or punishment. Instead, the Pennsylvania System offered administrators certain phenomenological benefits (Whetten, 2006) such that it was in their interest to maintain and publicly defend the Pennsylvania System. First, as a distinctive structure increasingly unique to Eastern, the Pennsylvania System offered administrators a status identity both indirectly (through their affiliation with and endorsement of a system they described as humanitarian and generally superior to alternatives) and directly (through their claims of their own benevolence and professional expertise). Importantly, these sources of status identity were only available if administrators retained the Pennsylvania System, and they were strengthened through administrators' rhetorical defenses of the Pennsylvania System. Moreover, affirming this status identity may have alleviated existential anxiety among administrators, who faced normative criticism from the field. Second, protecting the public image of the Pennsylvania System constituted an imperative for administrative decision making when actual implementation proved problematic. When faced with conflicting goals, vague instructions that failed to cover all eventualities, and material challenges to implementation, the need to protect the Pennsylvania System&mdashto make it look good, to preserve it at Eastern&mdashoffered clarity. Having this imperative may have alleviated epistemic anxiety among administrators, who faced exacerbated levels of uncertainty from the ambiguities in their goals and technology and no guidance (no external model) from the field. Thus, the status identity and imperative rendered the Pennsylvania System valuable to Eastern's administrators, despite the challenges. Indeed, administrative support continued until the Pennsylvania System no longer provided these benefits. By the 1870s, the field had moved on: the debate was over, as was the need to defend the Pennsylvania System&mdashthe Pennsylvania System had clearly lost&mdashand it was no longer a source of distinction. While administrators retained the name, they began to change the core of the principle. No longer infused with value, the Pennsylvania System became expendable.
Download or read book The Environmental Psychology of Prisons and Jails written by Richard E. Wener and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-18 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book distils thirty years of research on the impacts of jail and prison environments. The research program began with evaluations of new jails that were created by the US Bureau of Prisons, which had a novel design intended to provide a non-traditional and safe environment for pre-trial inmates and documented the stunning success of these jails in reducing tension and violence. This book uses assessments of this new model as a basis for considering the nature of environment and behavior in correctional settings and more broadly in all human settings. It provides a critical review of research on jail environments and of specific issues critical to the way they are experienced and places them in historical and theoretical context. It presents a contextual model for the way environment influences the chance of violence.
Download or read book The County Prisons of Pennsylvania written by Albert Hiatt Votaw and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Letter on the Penitentiary System of Pennsylvania written by Roberts Vaux and published by Nabu Press. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Letter On The Penitentiary System Of Pennsylvania: Addressed To William Roscoe, Esquire, Of Toxteth Park, Near Liverpool; Issue 36419 Of 19th-century Legal Treatises Roberts Vaux, William Roscoe J. Harding, 1827 Prison discipline; Prisoners; Prisons
Download or read book Letter on the Penitentiary System of Pennsylvania Addressed to William Roscoe Esquire of Toxteth Park Near Liverpool Classic Reprint written by Roberts Vaux and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Letter on the Penitentiary System of Pennsylvania: Addressed to William Roscoe, Esquire, of Toxteth Park, Near Liverpool In these chambers no individual, however humble, or elevated, can be confined, so long as the public liberty shall endure, but upon conviction of a known and well defined offence, by the ver dict of a jury of the country, and under the sentence _of a court, for a specified time. The terms of imprisonment it is believed can be apportioned to the nature of every crime with considera ble accuracy, and will no doubt be measured in that merciful de gree, which has uniformly characterized the modern penal legis lation of Pennsylvania. Where then, allow me to inquire, is there in this system the least resemblance to that dreadfulrecep tacle constructed in Paris, during the reign of Charles the Fifth, and which at different periods through four centuries and a half, was an engine of oppression, and torture, to thousands of innocent persons; or by what detortion can it be compared to the inqui sitorial courts and prisons, that were instituted in Italy, Portugal, and Spain, between the years 1251 and 1537? About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book They Were in Prison written by Negley King Teeters and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
