Download or read book Turfgrass Water Use and Growth Under Low Mowing Heights and Different Nitrogen Phosphorous and Drought Conditions written by Miyuan Xiao and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water use of low-cut turfgrass at different heights of cut (HOC) or different fertility levels is not known, and information on turfgrass performance during different water deficit conditions is limited. The effects of HOC (3 vs. 5 mm), nitrogen (N) levels prior to drought (0.8, 4.0, 8.0, and 16 g total N m-2 for 60 d), phosphorus (P) level (1.1 g total P m-2 vs. no P), and turfgrass variety ('L93' and 'Penncross' creeping bentgrasses, annual bluegrass, and 'SR7200' velvet bentgrass) under three drought conditions (no drought, periodic drought, and prolonged drought, including a drought recovery phase) on turfgrass growth, net carbon exchange rate (Pn rate), and root parameters were measured through three separate experiments. Real-time water consumption using mini-lysimeter load cell arrays under three drought conditions was also measured. The novel mini-lysimeters were able to detect weight changes of 20.3 cm2 pots containing grass at 1-min intervals, and evapotranspiration (ET) differences between treatments at 1-h intervals. The 5 mm HOC resulted in ~8% more water use than the 3 mm HOC for full cover turfgrass with sufficient irrigation. Turfgrass at 5 mm HOC had higher color ratings, Pn rate, and water use efficiency than turfgrass at 3 mm HOC at the beginning phase of drought. Higher HOC resulted in a faster decrease of hourly ET than lower HOC under drought conditions due to greater water consumption and lower water availability. The 8 g m-2 total N level resulted in better turf performance and more water use than lower N rates. However, 16 g m-2 total N did not improve turf growth from the 8 g m-2 total N level. Increasing N rates improved drought tolerance (measured through Pn rate) during drought and post-drought recovery periods. Turfgrass varieties respond differently to P levels under drought. Low P may improve drought tolerance for 'Penncross' creeping bentgrass, whereas high P may lead to better drought tolerance for 'SR7200' velvet bentgrass. These findings contribute to the understanding of turfgrass under periodic or prolonged drought conditions and could lead to the use of better predictive models for managing water use by turfgrass manager.
Download or read book Managing Turfgrasses during Drought written by and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With long, hot, dry summers common to most areas of the state, California lawns generally need watering for much of the year. Learn how to use water more efficiently as water demands and costs go up and drought conditions continue.
Download or read book Turfgrass written by John C. Stier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 1348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability is a key framework for analyzing biological systems—and turfgrass is no exception. It is part of a complex that encompasses turfgrass interactions with different environments and the suitability of different turfgrasses for specific environments. In addition to its biological role, turfgrass—in the form of lawns, green spaces, and playing surfaces—brings beneficial sociological effects to an increasingly urbanized society. This book presents a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and issues in the field of turfgrass research and management, including the genetics and breeding, the diseases and pests, and the ecology of turfgrasses, and will appeal to a broad spectrum of readers.
Download or read book Applied Turfgrass Science and Physiology written by Jack Fry and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-08-05 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the successful seminar offered through the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America, Applied Turfgrass Science and Physiology cuts right to the authoritative information and know-how that will keep any turf area in optimal condition. Readers get an overview of turfgrasses, the characteristics of different varieties of turfgrasses; a look at plant responses to drought, temperature extremes, and shade stresses; and a comprehensive review of the latest information on how irrigation, mowing, fertilization, cultivation, and plant growth regulators and bio-stimulants affect turfgrass response to stresses and pests. Case studies and more than 165 illustrations reinforce text.
Download or read book Turfgrass Water Conservation written by Stephen T. Cockerham and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is an increasingly valuable and limited resource, often perceived as being wasted on turfgrass. This much-anticipated second edition brings clear, current, science-based information on turfgrass management and water conservation to turf managers and researchers alike. Inside you’ll find a look at the current understanding of water use as well as new technologies being researched to reduce water use by turfgrass. Attention is paid to water quality and turfgrass as a key part of the urban environment, how integrating turfgrass with other landscape uses of water can be part of a conservation plan, and how various water qualities, including reclaimed water, can be part of a management plan. Chapters also cover •advances in drought, heat, and salinity stress tolerance •the role of water in modified root zone media and native soils •water management technologies •considerations for construction and management of urban green spaces including parks and golf courses •water depletion, pesticide and nutrient runoff A chapter summarizing the practical application of the science in each chapter rounds out the text, presenting the information in an immediately useable format. Includes 10 tables and figures, 20 color photos, a U.S. customary to metric conversion table, and an 8-page glossary.
Download or read book Turfgrass Science and Culture written by James B Beard and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1972 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic and best-selling text for sod and turfgrass courses covering lawnkeeping and athletic groundskeeping.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Turfgrass Management written by Nick E. Christians and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-20 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FUNDAMENTALS OF TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT THE PREMIER TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK—UPDATED AND EXPANDED Fundamentals of Turfgrass Management is the longstanding authority on all aspects of the science and practices behind world-class turfgrass care. This fully revised Fifth Edition comes enriched by two new authors who share their cutting-edge research and real-world expertise on such topics as growth, soil testing, nutrition, herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides. Coverage throughout is refreshed with new illustrations and charts, as well as: Expanded coverage on professional lawn care programs, including cool-season and warm-season turfgrasses, establishing methods and costs, cultivation, sand topdressing, and more Enhanced material on the most up-to-date thinking and practices in weed management Brand-new chapters on the environmental, economic, and quality-of-life benefits of well-maintained turf, as well as the influence of light on turf health Whether you’re earning a degree or a paycheck, Fundamentals of Turfgrass Management, Fifth Edition remains the most complete, respected guidebook of solutions for developing and maintaining the finest-standards of turfgrass.
Download or read book Turfgrasses written by Richard L. Duble and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to creating and maintaining turf for athletic fields, golf courses, parks, cemeteries, and commercial and residential landscapes. The author describes the biology of turfgrasses and provides extensive information about each of the species that predominate in the southern zone. Chapters include detailed information about soil types, terrain, and climate; establishing new turf; controlling weeds, diseases, and insects; and cultural practices. Ample bandw and color photographs. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Proceedings of the National Water Conservation Conference on Publicly Supplied Potable Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Use Characteristics of Ten Newly Established Cool season Turfgrass Species written by Tod M. Blankenship and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water use restrictions are continuing to have an impact on the way turf is managed today and will be managed in the future. The objective of this research was to evaluate the irrigation requirements of ten newly established cool-season turfgrass species maintained under two different mowing height and nitrogen fertility regimes. The site was treated with glyphosate to eliminate existing plant material, scalped to remove foliage, leveled, and graded to provide adequate surface drainage. All plots were seeded with a blend of three cultivars for all turfgrass species (Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, velvet bentgrass, creeping bentgrass, colonial bentgrass, strong creeping red fescue, chewings fescue, slender creeping red fescue, tall fescue) except for annual bluegrass which was sodded. Plots were mowed at 1.6 and 5.1 cm three times and one time per week respectively. Nitrogen was applied at either 0.45 or 1.81 kg per 92.9 m2 per year. Water moisture stress was assessed visually as well with a Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) moisture probe at a 3.8 cm depth for the same 45-day period in 2009 and 2010. Irrigation was applied based on predetermined water replacement values through a hand-held hose with a flow and batch meter attachment. Significant irrigation input differences were observed between mowing height treatments but not among nitrogen fertility treatments. Tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, creeping bentgrass and velvet bentgrass were all lower water users under both high and low heights of cut in this trial. The higher water use species, annual bluegrass and red fescues, all required more water in the low mown plots than the high mown plots. A lower crop coefficient for irrigation could be utilized for most species in the Pacific Northwest. Stress detection glasses were able to detect water stress in all turfgrass species tested by a minimum of 1.2 days on average and a maximum of 2.4 days in advance of the unaided visual assessment. The glasses were evaluated across a broad range of species and were effective regardless of the different turf canopies and variation in color present in the different species. The early detection of stress would enable turf managers to schedule irrigation in advance while conserving water. For most species the TDR could reliably measure the percent Volumetric Water Content (VWC) at which irrigation was required to maintain a functional turf surface. At the typical recommended mowing height of most species, if maturity was achieved, this was at approximately 30% VWC. The TDR could be used to more accurately guide irrigation scheduling and reduce water use.
Download or read book Southern Turfgrasses written by Richard L. Duble and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Park Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Growing Turfgrass written by Bhupendra Singh and published by Notion Press. This book was released on 2017-08-21 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For efficient turfgrass management it is imperative to have an understanding of the fundamentals of turfgrass growth and management. This book presents the fundamental concepts, tools and techniques of turfgrass management in an easy to understand style to the home lawn growers, amateur gardeners, professional landscape architects, sports turf managers, turfgrass nursery developers, horticulturists and students of turfgrass science. The book can serve as a basic guide to all who are involved in turfgrass infrastructure planning, designing and maintenance. The moment one gives close attention to anything, even a blade of grass, it becomes a mysterious, awesome, indescribably magnificent world in itself. Grass is the forgiveness of nature - her constant benediction. Forests decay, harvests perish, flowers vanish, but grass is immortal. Grass is the cheapest plant to install and the most expensive to maintain. Sedges have edges, and rushes are round, grasses are hollow. What have you found? Fertilizer does no good in a heap, but a little spread around works miracles all over. By means of water, we give life to everything.
Download or read book Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology written by Mohammad Pessarakli and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-10-09 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multibillion dollar industry that has tripled in the last ten years, turfgrass management plays an important role in landscaping, golf courses, and other sports surfaces. Proper management and cultural practices are crucial for the performance of these versatile grasses, creating a demand among scientists, researchers, and industry professionals
Download or read book Good Gardens with Less Water written by Kevin Handreck and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2008-04-14 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is possible to have a great garden anywhere in Australia, even under the toughest water restrictions. Good Gardens with Less Water will show you how. A companion to Kevin Handreck’s best-selling Gardening Down-Under, this new book is a practical guide to gardening with limited water. This beautifully illustrated, full-colour book contains a wealth of information on such key topics as: how to improve soil structure to maximise the retention of water for use by plants; selecting drought-tolerant native and exotic plants; working out how much water to apply to different types of plants; choosing the best lawn grass for your climate; rainwater harvesting and use; and how to avoid problems when greywater is used in the garden. With specific chapters devoted to watering systems and equipment, mulches, planting techniques and potted plants, this book offers practical solutions for anyone who wishes to garden sustainably.
Download or read book Air Force Civil Engineer written by United States. Department of the Air Force and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Turfgrass Water Use and Photosynthesis in Controlled Environments written by Craig Harnock and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water use by turfgrasses is important because it impacts land use decisions and the potential use of natural turfgrasses in enclosed stadia. To determine turfgrass water use the evapotranspiration (ET) and photosynthesis rates were measured for different turfgrasses under different soil water conditions in a controlled environment with artificial lights. Application of abscisic acid reduced Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) ET, photosynthesis rates and it also reduced turfgrass growth and turfgrass greenness. Amongst tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass, tall fescue had the highest ET and photosynthesis rates. Five KBG cultivar blends varied in ET and photosynthesis rates when maintained at bin capacity, analogous to field capacity, and below bin capacity conditions. The KBG cultivar blend with the lowest ET in both conditions was the 'Turfgrass Water Conservation Alliance (TWCA)' blend. The KBG cultivar blend with the highest ET at bin capacity was Lowmow, while at below bin capacity was 4-Way. Turfgrasses in bins maintained at bin capacity used less water during daytime than turfgrasses in bins below bin capacity and had higher relative night time ET rates: 44.8% of daytime compared to 34.7 % for below bin capacity. The KBG cultivar blend bred for staying green in drought conditions, TWCA, had lower ET and photosynthesis rates than standard KBG cultivar blends.
