Download or read book Tuning Metal support Interaction for Catalysis at Multi component Interfaces written by Shyam Deo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enhancement of catalytic activity is often attributed to special sites along a metal-oxide boundary, where an adsorbed species interacts with both the metal and the support. Indeed, such "dual" reaction sites often with emergent chemical properties have been implicated as the active sites for many chemical reactions, whether it be simpler molecular reactions such as CO oxidation and water-gas shift or far more complex reaction pathways such as de-oxygenation of multi-oxygenated reactants like furfuryl alcohol, m-cresol etc. Moreover, close connections of synthesis, characterization, kinetic testing, and computational modeling can enable researchers to tailor metal/metal-oxide catalytic systems towards such complex catalytic requirements. In this thesis, computational catalysis techniques are integrated with experimental efforts of collaborators to investigate two catalytic reactions: furfural hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) to methyl furan and CO oxidation. Experimental works motivate a series of research questions and hypotheses, towards connecting multi-component (oxide-metal) catalytic site properties to catalytic performance. In particular, Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been used in combination with experimental characterization and reactivity studies to underline the principles governing the potentials and design of multi-component catalytic systems. HDO of furfuryl alcohol was examined using a DFT model of a metal/TiO2 nanowire interface. Redox functionality of the metal oxide aids in breaking the C-O bond of the alcohol, while the metal facilitates C-H formation to the final product, 2-methylfuran. In addition to this "bifunctionality", electron transfer between the oxide and the metal alters reactivity, suggesting emergent chemical properties unique to the interface. Our DFT results were used to explain experimental observations of enhanced selectivity for TiO2-coated Pd nanoparticles. We have also successfully extended our TiO2/Pd interface model, altering the composition of this interface to develop a set of descriptors that predict optimal HDO activity at the metal oxide/metal interface. Low-temperature CO oxidation was examined over CeO2 supported single atoms, a probe for determining the synergetic roles of single metal atom catalysts (SACs) and redox active supports. The redox states involved in catalytic oxidation cycles on SACs are not well-determined and limit rational design of these catalytic systems. Experimental characterization observes only "resting states" of SACs, whereas DFT and microkinetic studies can be used to reconcile a full redox cycle. We addressed these challenges by developing a first principles microkinetic model and reconciling elementary step reaction kinetics with experimentally measured reaction orders and activation barriers. We calibrated the microkinetic model through Bayesian statistical inference approach to include the error in both DFT calculated energetics and experimental measurements in mechanism determination. This approach successfully elucidated reaction mechanisms and identified dominant reaction networks to directly match experimental reaction orders and barriers. Combining experiment and modeling, we demonstrated role of metal oxidation states with their reactivity for oxidation catalysis, indicating that the unique oxidation activity of these catalysts arises from the relatively close stability of the wide range of oxidation states achieved through synergistic interaction with metal oxides. In addition, to achieve proper active site environment over the oxide supports, a careful and controlled adsorption of ionic and/or hydrated metal precursors over the surface is essential during synthesis, therefore we also briefly examine synthesis rules for catalysts with precise control over size and uniformity in dispersion with specific potential to generate singly adsorbed metal catalysts over oxides. In short, these works combinedly demonstrate how metal/metal oxide catalytic systems can be used to improve heterogeneous catalytic activity and selectivity for important energy conversion processes, and further on, the broader perspective of active sites design along the metal and oxide boundaries for oxidation and reduction catalysis.
Download or read book Strong Metal support Interactions written by R. T. K. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metal support Interactions in Catalysis Sintering and Redispersion written by Scott A. Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very Good,No Highlights or Markup,all pages are intact.
Download or read book Metal Support and Metal Additive Effects in Catalysis written by B. Imelik and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-04-01 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-Support and Metal-Additive Effects in Catalysis, Volume 11, documents the proceedings of an international symposium organized by the Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS – Villeurbanne and sponsored by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecully (Lyon), September 14-16, 1982. This volume contains 40 manuscripts that cover a wide range of topics. Among these are studies of metal-support interactions involving Pt/Al2O3, Pt/TiO2,Fe/TiO2, Pt/MgO, Rh /Al2O3, and Pt/CeO2 catalysts. There are also separate chapters dealing with ethane, n-butane, and cyclohexane hydrogenolysis; skeletal isomerization of methylpentanes; the catalytic activity and selectivity of noble metals; CO hydrogenation over supported on SiO2, Al2O3, Ti O2,and Zr O2 nickel catalysts; and the role of promoters in Pd catalysts for methanol synthesis. Subsequent chapters cover the poisoning of platinum and nickel by sulfur; C6H6 and CO chemisorption on Pt78Ni22 (111) single crystal alloy; the surface composition of industrial ammonia synthesis catalysts; and the role of alkalis and electronegative promoters on Fe and Ni catalysts.
Download or read book Characterization of the Metal support Interface and Metal support Interactions in Supported Metal Catalysts written by Steven E. Deutsch and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heterogeneous Gold Catalysts and Catalysis written by Zhen Ma and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-08-20 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once considered an inert element, gold has recently gained attention as a catalyst. With hundreds of papers being published each year, this book presents a comprehensive review of this rapidly-evolving field, with contributions by leading experts across the globe. Going through the chapters citing the primary literature, the reader will gain a thorough background to the use of gold in catalysis, as well as the latest methods for the preparation of gold catalysts. Other chapters demonstrate the characterisation and modelling of gold-catalysed reactions, with consideration given to both the fundamentals and commercial applications of this emerging group of catalysts. Written to be accessible by postgraduates and newcomers to the field, this book will also benefit experienced researchers and therefore be an essential reference in the laboratory.
Download or read book Handbook of Surfaces and Interfaces of Materials Five Volume Set written by Hari Singh Nalwa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-10-26 with total page 1915 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook brings together, under a single cover, all aspects of the chemistry, physics, and engineering of surfaces and interfaces of materials currently studied in academic and industrial research. It covers different experimental and theoretical aspects of surfaces and interfaces, their physical properties, and spectroscopic techniques that have been applied to a wide class of inorganic, organic, polymer, and biological materials. The diversified technological areas of surface science reflect the explosion of scientific information on surfaces and interfaces of materials and their spectroscopic characterization. The large volume of experimental data on chemistry, physics, and engineering aspects of materials surfaces and interfaces remains scattered in so many different periodicals, therefore this handbook compilation is needed.The information presented in this multivolume reference draws on two decades of pioneering research on the surfaces and interfaces of materials to offer a complete perspective on the topic. These five volumes-Surface and Interface Phenomena; Surface Characterization and Properties; Nanostructures, Micelles, and Colloids; Thin Films and Layers; Biointerfaces and Applications-provide multidisciplinary review chapters and summarize the current status of the field covering important scientific and technological developments made over past decades in surfaces and interfaces of materials and spectroscopic techniques with contributions from internationally recognized experts from all over the world. Fully cross-referenced, this book has clear, precise, and wide appeal as an essential reference source long due for the scientific community. The complete reference on the topic of surfaces and interfaces of materialsThe information presented in this multivolume reference draws on two decades of pioneering researchProvides multidisciplinary review chapters and summarizes the current status of the fieldCovers important scientific and technological developments made over past decades in surfaces and interfaces of materials and spectroscopic techniquesContributions from internationally recognized experts from all over the world
Download or read book Charge Transfer and Catalysis at the Metal Support Interface written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kinetic, electronic, and spectroscopic characterization of model Pt–support systems are used to demonstrate the relationship between charge transfer and catalytic activity and selectivity. The results show that charge flow controls the activity and selectivity of supported metal catalysts. This dissertation builds on extensive existing knowledge of metal–support interactions in heterogeneous catalysis. The results show the prominent role of charge transfer at catalytic interfaces to determine catalytic activity and selectivity. Further, this research demonstrates the possibility of selectively driving catalytic chemistry by controlling charge flow and presents solid-state devices and doped supports as novel methods for obtaining electronic control over catalytic reaction kinetics.
Download or read book Catalysis written by James J Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2024-03-27 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking at modern approaches to catalysis, this volume reviews the extensive literature published on this area. Chapter highlights include Fenton chemistry, advanced manufacturing in heterogeneous catalysis, membrane reactors for light alkane dehydrogenation, and new insights and enhancement of biocatalysts for biomass conversion in the bioproducts industry. Appealing to researchers in academia and industry, the detailed chapters bridge the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry, not only for the catalysis field, but also for environmental protection. The book will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.
Download or read book Catalysis rising stars in china written by Yulian He and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-16 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Charge Transfer and Catalysis at the Metal Support Interface written by Lawrence Robert Baker and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kinetic, electronic, and spectroscopic characterization of model Pt-support systems are used to demonstrate the relationship between charge transfer and catalytic activity and selectivity. The results show that charge flow controls the activity and selectivity of supported metal catalysts. Using a Pt/n-Si Schottky junction, it is possible to externally control the electronic properties at the Pt/Si interface by applying bias or by exciting charge carriers with visible light. It is found that this device can control the rate of CO oxidation on Pt. Results show that negative charge on the Pt increases the reaction rate while positive charge on the Pt decreases the reaction rate. This is the first time that a solid-state device has been used to externally control the rate of a chemical reaction as determined by directly measuring the product yield. Similar experiments were performed for the H2 oxidation reaction and analogous results were obtained. Similarly, electronic control of catalyst performance can be achieved by substrate doping. It is shown that F doping can tune the electronic structure of TiO2. When F is incorporated into TiO2, the electrical conductivity is dramatically enhanced because F acts as an n-type dopant. It is shown that this highly n-type TiO2 acts as an electronically active support for Pt catalysts, increasing the rate of CO oxidation by electronically activating surface O. It is further shown that for a multipath reaction, the electronic structure of TiO2 also controls the reaction selectivity. The electronic activity of highly n-type TiO2 serving as a Pt support for methanol oxidation selectively enhances the production of formaldehyde relative to CO2. Finally, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy is used to probe the molecular nature of strong metal-support interactions (SMSI). This is the first time that SFG has been used to probe the highly selective oxide-metal interface during catalytic reaction, and the results demonstrate that charge transfer from TiO2 on a Pt/TiO2 catalyst controls the product distribution of furfuraldehyde hydrogenation by an acid-base mechanism. SFG spectra reveal that a furfuryl-oxy intermediate forms on TiO2 as a result of a charge transfer interaction. This furfuryl-oxy intermediate is a highly active and selective precursor to furfuryl alcohol, and spectral analysis shows that the Pt/TiO2 interface is required primarily for H spillover. Density functional calculations predict that O-vacancies on the TiO2 surface activate the formation of the furfuryl-oxy intermediate via an electron transfer to furfuraldehyde, drawing a strong analogy between SMSI and acid-base catalysis. This dissertation builds on extensive existing knowledge of metal-support interactions in heterogeneous catalysis. The results show the prominent role of charge transfer at catalytic interfaces to determine catalytic activity and selectivity. Further, this research demonstrates the possibility of selectively driving catalytic chemistry by controlling charge flow and presents solid-state devices and doped supports as novel methods for obtaining electronic control over catalytic reaction kinetics.
Download or read book Introduction to Condensed Matter Chemistry written by Jihong Yu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-10 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Condensed Matter Chemistry offers a general view of chemistry from the perspective of condensed matter chemistry, analyzing and contrasting chemical reactions in a more realistic setting than traditional thinking. Readers will also find discussions on the goals and major scientific questions in condensed matter chemistry and the molecular engineering of functional condensed matter. Processes and products of chemical reactions should not be determined solely by the structure and composition of these basic species but also by the complex and possibly multilevel structured physical and chemical environment, together referred to as their condensed state. Relevant matters in condensed state should be the main bodies of chemical reactions, which is applicable not only to solids and liquids but also to gas molecules as reactions among gas molecules can take place only in the presence of catalysts in specific condensed states or after their state transition under extreme reaction conditions. This book provides new insights on the liquid state chemistry, definitions, aspects, and interactions, summarizing fundamentals of main chemical reactions from a new perspective. Helps to establish the new field of Condensed Matter Chemistry Highlights the molecular engineering of functional condensed matter Focuses on both liquid and solid state chemistry
Download or read book Hybrid Nanofillers for Polymer Reinforcement written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-08-12 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Nanofillers for Polymer Reinforcement: Synthesis, Assembly, Characterization, and Applications provides a targeted approach to hybrid nanostructures, enabling the development of these advanced nanomaterials for specific applications. The book begins by reviewing the status of hybrid nanostructures, their current applications, and future opportunities. This is followed by chapters examining synthesis and characterization techniques, as well as interactions within nanohybrid systems. The second part of the book provides detailed chapters each highlighting a particular application area and discussing the preparation of various hybrid nano systems that can potentially be utilized in that area. The last chapters turn towards notable state-of-the-art hybrid nanomaterials and their properties and applications. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students across polymer science, nanotechnology, rubber technology, chemistry, sustainable materials, and materials engineering, as well as scientists, engineers, and R&D professionals with an interest in hybrid nanostructures or advanced nanomaterials for a industrial application. Provides synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and structure-property analysis for hybrid nanostructures Offers in-depth coverage that focuses on specific applications across energy storage, environment, automotive, aerospace, construction and biomedicine Includes the latest novel areas, such as elastomeric hybrid nano systems, hybrid ceramic polymer nanocomposites, and self-assembled structures
Download or read book Sustainable Ammonia Production written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents sustainable synthetic pathways and modern applications of ammonia. It focuses on the production of ammonia using various catalytic systems and its use in fuel cells, membrane, agriculture, and renewable energy sectors. The book highlights the history, investigation, and development of sustainable pathways for ammonia production, current challenges, and state-of-the-art reviews. While discussing industrial applications, it fills the gap between laboratory research and viable applications in large-scale production.
Download or read book Research Program Summary Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalysis Volume 33 written by James Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature which bridges the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry not only for catalysis field but also for environmental protection.
Download or read book Catalysis written by James Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysts are required for a variety of applications and researchers are increasingly challenged to find cost effective and environmentally benign catalysts to use. This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature including direct methane conversion, nanocomposite catalysts for transformation of biofuels into syngas and hydrogen, and catalytic wet air oxidation technology for industrial wastewater treatment. Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, it will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.
