Download or read book tude hydrochimique du syst me aquif re de la basse vall e du Var written by Cécile Potot and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’améliorer les connaissances sur le système aquifère de la basse vallée du Var, principale ressource d’eau potable dans une région soumise à des influences méditerranéennes et alpines. La composition des éléments majeurs et traces, des isotopes de l’O, du Pb et du Sr a été déterminée à différentes périodes hydrologiques dans les eaux du fleuve Var, de ses affluents, de la nappe alluviale de la basse vallée, et des aquifères des calcaires jurassiques et des poudingues pliocènes, qui constituent le substratum des alluvions. Les concentrations mesurées sont souvent proches du fond géochimique naturel, ce qui fournit pour chaque type d’eaux un point de référence de la qualité et permet, grâce à la sensibilité de la mesure des traces, de détecter la moindre pollution émergente. Des pollutions agricoles et / ou domestiques ont été détectées, en particulier dans les eaux des poudingues, ceci même en profondeur. Le fleuve constitue la principale source d’alimentation de la nappe alluviale, essentiellement à l’amont de la vallée. La recharge de la nappe par l’aquifère des poudingues représente 20 % environ, ce qui est inférieur aux estimations précédentes. L’utilisation conjointe des éléments traces et majeurs met en évidence l’hétérogénéité des eaux des poudingues, et permet d’évaluer les proportions de mélange. L’alimentation de la nappe par les calcaires semble faible. La forte influence chimique des évaporites triasiques limite l’utilisation des isotopes du Sr comme marqueur d’origine des eaux. Les isotopes du Pb ont fourni des résultats complexes qui semblent montrer une origine à la fois naturelle et anthropique, cette dernière apparemment liée aux pluies. Les isotopes du Ra ont été utilisés afin d’estimer le temps de parcours dans la nappe alluviale. La faisabilité analytique de la méthode semble acquise. Malgré d’importants échanges avec le milieu traversé, l’utilisation des rapports isotopiques semble s’affranchir de certains processus complexes.

Download or read book Hydrog ologie des aquif res plio quaternaires de la basse vall e du Var Alpes Maritimes France written by Yves Guglielmi and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La basse vallée du Var est un couloir d'alluvions holocènes très perméables contenu dans les poudingues pliocènes de Nice, épaisse formation très étendue et de perméabilite mille fois plus faible. Les écoulements souterrains de ces deux reservoirs sont contrôlés par les structures profondes du substratum jurassique, qui ont été réactivées au quaternaire. L'étude microtectonique et la géophysique permettent de définir un système en horsts et grabens subméridiens, associé à des décrochements n40 et n140. L'analyse chimique et isotopique des eaux de crue et d'étiage d'un cycle hydrologique permet de caractériser les communications hydrauliques entre les aquifères. Il apparaît que les alluvions holocènes drainent plus des deux tiers de l'aquifère des poudingues, qui est alimenté, directement, par infiltration des précipitations et, indirectement, par arrivée des eaux karstiques au niveau des horsts jurassiques du substratum. Le débit de drainage vers la nappe du Var, de l'ordre de 1,2 m3/s en moyenne annuelle, est comparable à celui qui est fourni au réservoir alluvial par les infiltrations des eaux du Var, de l'ordre de 2,2 m3/s. Un suivi chimique de la nappe du Var, au pas de temps semestriel, mensuel et hebdomadaire, permet, avec le suivi piezométrique existant, de comparer l'alimentation par le Var et par les poudingues : le débit infiltré depuis le Var est faible en étiage, mais les eaux, tres concentrées en sulfates, induisent, à certains endroits de la plaine, des dépassements des normes de potabilité. En crue, le débit infiltré est important, et les eaux très diluées provoquent un effet de chasse dans la nappe ; les arrivées d'eaux souterraines depuis les poudingues, constantes dans le temps, soutiennent le débit de la nappe, en particulier en étiage. Ce sont des eaux très calcaires de qualité moyenne, à très mauvaise localement, qui diluent les teneurs en sulfates de la nappe et augmentent les concentrations en nitrates jusqu'à des valeurs proches de 40 mg/l

Download or read book Advances in Hydroinformatics written by Philippe Gourbesville and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-26 with total page 1205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers a collection of extended papers based on presentations given during the SimHydro 2017 conference, held in Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France on June 14–16, 2017. It focuses on how to choose the right model in applied hydraulics and considers various aspects, including the modeling and simulation of fast hydraulic transients, 3D modeling, uncertainties and multiphase flows. The book explores both limitations and performance of current models and presents the latest developments in new numerical schemes, high-performance computing, multiphysics and multiscale methods, and better interaction with field or scale model data. It gathers the lastest theoretical and innovative developments in the modeling field and presents some of the most advance applications on various water related topics like uncertainties, flood simulation and complex hydraulic applications. Given its breadth of coverage, it addresses the needs and interests of practitioners, stakeholders, researchers and engineers alike.

Download or read book R gime es eaux souterraines et pal omorphologie written by Claude Armand and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Etude des formations quaternaires et de l'hydrogéologie de la basse vallee de l'Arve. Etude géophysique afin de déterminer la morphologie du substratum molassique; études lithomorphologique et sédimentologique des formations quaternaires; étude des stades de retrait glaciaire. L'étude hydrochimique montre que les eaux souterraines de la région sont peu contrastées et toujours bicarbonatées calciques. Distinction de 4 grands types d'eau : eaux des nappes superficielles, eaux des nappes captives, eaux issues des calcaires du Saleve, eaux des cours d'eau. Le repérage précis des sillons de surcreusement glaciaire est essentiel car ils recèlent les seules ressources en eaux souterraines exploitables à grande échelle dans la basse vallée de l'Arve.

Download or read book Etude d un syst me aquif re complexe dans les calcaires du jurassique de la Ni vre written by Bernard Petitfils and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LE BUT DE CE MEMOIRE EST D'APPREHENDER LES MODES DE CIRCULATION DES EAUX SOUTERRAINES DANS LES CALCAIRES JURASSIQUES DU DEPARTEMENT DE LA NIEVRE, APRES LA COLLECTE ET SURTOUT L'ACQUISITION DE DONNEES CLIMATOLOGIQUES, GEOLOGIQUES ET HYDROGEOLOGIQUES, IL A ETE POSSIBLE DE MIEUX CERNER L'ORGANISATION ET LES DEGRES DE KARSTIFICATION DE PLUSIEURS SYSTEMES AQUIFERES

Download or read book Water Quality Modelling for Rivers and Streams written by Marcello Benedini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of the Water Framework Directive in the European countries is to achieve a “good status” of all the water bodies, in the integrated management of river basins. In order to assess the impact of improvement measures, water quality models are necessary. During the previous decades the progress in computer technology and computational methods has supported the development of advanced mathematical models for pollutant transport in rivers and streams. This book is intended to provide the fundamental knowledge needed for a deeper understanding of these models and the development of new ones, which will fulfil future quality requirements in water resources management. This book focuses on the fundamentals of computational techniques required in water quality modelling. Advection, dispersion and concentrated sources or sinks of contaminants lead to the formulation of the fundamental differential equation of pollutant transport. Its integration, according to appropriate initial and boundary conditions and with the knowledge of the velocity field, allows for pollutant behaviour to be assessed in the entire water body. An analytical integration is convenient only in one-dimensional approach with considerable simplification. Integration in the numerical field is useful for taking into account particular aspects of water body and pollutants. To ensure their reliability, the models require accurate calibration and validation, based on proper data, taken from direct measurements. In addition, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis are also of utmost importance. All the above items are discussed in detail in the 21 chapters of the book, which is written in a didactic form for professionals and students.

Download or read book Groundwater Quantity and Quality Management written by Mustafa M. Aral and published by Amer Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sponsored by Groundwater Management Technical Committee of the Groundwater Council of EWRI, Environmental and Water Resources Institute (EWRI) of the American Society of Civil Engineers."

Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Free Surface Flows written by Jean-Michel Hervouet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-13 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive guide for accurate state-of-the-art modelling of free surface flows Understanding the dynamics of free surface flows is the starting point of many environmental studies, impact studies, and waterworks design. Typical applications, once the flows are known, are water quality, dam impact and safety, pollutant control, and sediment transport. These studies used to be done in the past with scale models, but these are now being replaced by numerical simulation performed by software suites called “hydro-informatic systems”. The Telemac system is the leading software package worldwide, and has been developed by Electricité de France and Jean-Michel Hervouet, who is the head and main developer of the Telemac project. Written by a leading authority on Computational Fluid Dynamics, the book aims to provide environmentalists, hydrologists, and engineers using hydro-informatic systems such as Telemac and the finite element method, with the knowledge of the basic principles, capabilities, different hypotheses, and limitations. In particular this book: presents the theory for understanding hydrodynamics through an extensive array of case studies such as tides, tsunamis, storm surges, floods, bores, dam break flood waves, density driven currents, hydraulic jumps, making this a principal reference on the topic gives a detailed examination and analysis of the notorious Malpasset dam failure includes a coherent description of finite elements in shallow water delivers a significant treatment of the state-of-the-art flow modelling techniques using Telemac, developed by Electricité de France provides the fundamental physics and theory of free surface flows to be utilised by courses on environmental flows Hydrodynamics of Free Surface Flows is essential reading for those involved in computational fluid dynamics and environmental impact assessments, as well as hydrologists, and bridge, coastal and dam engineers. Guiding readers from fundamental theory to the more advanced topics in the application of the finite element method and the Telemac System, this book is a key reference for a broad audience of students, lecturers, researchers and consultants, right through to the community of users of hydro-informatics systems.

Download or read book Variowin written by Yvan Pannatier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1.1 Overview V ARIOWIN 2.2 is a collection of four WindowsTM programs - Prevar2D, Vari02D with PCF, Model, and Grid Display - that are used for spatial data analysis and variogram modeling of irregularly spaced data in two dimensions. Prevar2D builds a pair comparison file (PCF), that is, a binary file containing pairs of data sorted in terms of increasing distance. Pair comparison files can be built from subsets in order to reduce memory requirements. Vari02D with PCF is used for spatial data analysis of 2D data. It uses an ASCII data file and a binary pair comparison file produced by Prevar2D. Features implemented in Vari02D with PCF include: • the possibility to characterize the spatial continuity of one variable or the joined spatial continuity of two variables, • variogram surfaces for identifying directions of anisotropies, • directional variograms calculated along any direction, • several measures of spatial continuity. Not only the variogram but also the standardized variogram, the covariance, the correlogram, and the madogram are used to measure spatial continuity. • h-scatterplots to assess the meaning of these measures, • the identification and localization of pairs of data adversely affecting the measure of spatial continuity. Once identified, these pairs can be masked from the calculation interactively. • variogram clouds for identifying pairs of data values having the most influence on the measure of spatial continuity. Those pairs can also be located on the sample map.

Download or read book Introduction to Geostatistics written by P. K. Kitanidis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-05-13 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers and applied geophysicists routinely encounter interpolation and estimation problems when analysing data from field observations. Introduction to Geostatistics presents practical techniques for the estimation of spatial functions from sparse data. The author's unique approach is a synthesis of classic and geostatistical methods with a focus on the most practical linear minimum-variance estimation methods, and includes suggestions on how to test and extend the applicability of such methods. The author includes many useful methods (often not covered in other geostatistics books) such as estimating variogram parameters, evaluating the need for a variable mean, parameter estimation and model testing in complex cases (e.g. anisotropy, variable mean, and multiple variables), and using information from deterministic mathematical models. Well illustrated with exercises and worked examples taken from hydrogeology, Introduction to Geostatistics assumes no background in statistics and is suitable for graduate-level courses in earth sciences, hydrology, and environmental engineering, and also for self-study.

Download or read book Flora Europaea written by T. G. Tutin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1964 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the synthesis of the national and regional Floras of Europe and the fifth and final volume covers the Monocotyledons.

Download or read book Francis Bacon written by Benjamin Farrington and published by Haskell House Pub Limited. This book was released on 1973-01-01 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive study of the great "philosopher of industrial science." Dr. Farrington pinpoints Bacon as the first man to grasp the revolutionary possibilities of man's increasing control over natural forces. The author sees Bacon's plan for the total reform of society by the application of science to production as the central theme of his life.

Download or read book Radioisotopes in Hydrology written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Irrigation in Africa in Figures written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AQUASTAT programme was established to develop a comprehensive picture of water resources and irrigation in developing countries, and to give systematic, up-to-date and reliable information on water for agriculture and development. This report sets out an analysis of water availability and its use on the African continent and changes that have occurred over the last decade, with an emphasis on agricultural water use and management. The report includes a CD-ROM with detailed profiles on the situation in each of the 53 countries in Africa.

Download or read book Med checklist Dicotyledones Lauraceae Rhamnaceae written by W. Greuter and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Plant Ecology written by Unesco and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows Volume 2 written by Charles Hirsch and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1991-01-08 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows Volume 2: Computational Methods for Inviscid and Viscous Flows C. Hirsch, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium This second volume deals with the applications of computational methods to the problems of fluid dynamics. It complements the first volume to provide an excellent reference source in this vital and fast growing area. The author includes material on the numerical computation of potential flows and on the most up-to-date methods for Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. The coverage is comprehensive and includes detailed discussion of numerical techniques and algorithms, including implementation topics such as boundary conditions. Problems are given at the end of each chapter and there are comprehensive reference lists. Of increasing interest, the subject has powerful implications in such crucial fields as aeronautics and industrial fluid dynamics. Striking a balance between theory and application, the combined volumes will be useful for an increasing number of courses, as well as to practitioners and researchers in computational fluid dynamics. Contents Preface Nomenclature Part V: The Numerical Computation of Potential Flows Chapter 13 The Mathematical Formulations of the Potential Flow Model Chapter 14 The Discretization of the Subsonic Potential Equation Chapter 15 The Computation of Stationary Transonic Potential Flows Part VI: The Numerical Solution of the System of Euler Equations Chapter 16 The Mathematical Formulation of the System of Euler Equations Chapter 17 The Lax - Wendroff Family of Space-centred Schemes Chapter 18 The Central Schemes with Independent Time Integration Chapter 19 The Treatment of Boundary Conditions Chapter 20 Upwind Schemes for the Euler Equations Chapter 21 Second-order Upwind and High-resolution Schemes Part VII: The Numerical Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations Chapter 22 The Properties of the System of Navier-Stokes Equations Chapter 23 Discretization Methods for the Navier-Stokes Equations Index