Download or read book Triplet Alkyl Nitrene Intermediates written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research intermolecular and intramolecular triplet sensitization has been employed to photochemically generate triplet alkyl nitrene intermediates in solution. Photolyzing with light greater than 300 nm assures that only the ketone chromophore is exclusively excited to its triplet excited state. Once generated, the ketone can transfer its triplet energy to the azide moiety which loses molecular nitrogen to give a triplet alkyl nitrene intermediate. Intermolecular triplet sensitization in solution allowed trapping of triplet alkyl nitrene intermediates via bimolecular reactions. Photolysis of 1-azidoadamantane in solution with acetophenone, benzophenone and acetone led to an azo-dimer as the major product. This product comes from dimerization of two triplet alkyl nitrenes. Intermolecular sensitized photolysis of benzyl azide led to N-methyleneaniline as the major photoproduct with acetophenone as the triplet sensitizer. With benzophenone as the triplet sensitizer the major product was benzylideneamine, which comes from H-atom abstraction by benzophenone from azide 1.
Download or read book Solid State Reactivity of Alkyl Azides written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis the photochemistry of four alkyl azides has been investigated in solution and in the solid state. All the azides have a build-in triplet sensitizer, acetophenone moiety, that absorbs light above 300 nm. Upon irradiation the triplet sensitizer forms the singlet excited ketone which undergoes rapid intersystem crossing to form the triplet state of the ketone chromophore. The triplet ketone transfer its energy to the alkyl azide moiety, forming a triplet alkyl nitrene. Photolysis of azide 1 in solution yielded 1,3-diphenyl-propenone as a major product. This product can be attributed to the C-N bond cleavage from the first excited triplet in azide 1, In addition a small amount of 3-amino-1,3-diphenyl-propenone was also formed, which can be attributed to formation of a triplet nitrene intermediate. Time dependent density functional theory and transition state calculations further support this mechanistic pathway. Solid-state irradiations of azide 1 selectively yielded 1,3-diphenyl-propenone as the only photoproduct. Solid-state irradiations of azide 2, 3 and 4 yielded aldehyde and nitrile products which can be attributed to triplet nitrene reactivity. Presumably, two nitrene intermediates formed in the solid state dimerize to form an azo product, that can be oxidized.
Download or read book Azides and Nitrenes written by Eric Scriven and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Azides and Nitrenes: Reactivity and Utility provides information pertinent to the fundamentals aspects of the chemistry of azides and nitrenes. This book discusses the mechanism and synthetic applications of alkyl azides. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the properties and chemistry of alkyl azides and alkylnitrenes. This text then examines the various pathways to the preparation of vinyl azides. Other chapters consider the magnetic resonance spectrum of phenyl azide, which may be taken as a representative to which more complex examples can be related. This book discusses as well the acyl azides and acylnitrenes that have their nitrogen function attached to electron-withdrawing groups not possessing a heteroatom bearing an unshared electron pair next to the nitrogen function. The final chapter deals with the main uses for organic azides involved in photochemical cross-linking of polymeric systems. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, spectroscopists, and theoreticians.
Download or read book Nitrenes and Nitrenium Ions written by Daniel E. Falvey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring contributions respected leaders in the field, Nitrene and Nitrenium Ions is the first comprehensive book to explore the role of reactive intermediate nitrene and nitrenium ions in chemistry and biochemistry. Covering a broad range of topics, including ultrafast studies, computational studies, behavior in aqueous solution, electronic structures, and reactions with aromatic compounds, this valuable resource will empower graduate students and researchers to better understand and expand their synthetic utility.
Download or read book Organic reactive intermediates written by Samuel McManus and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Volume 26: Organic Reactive Intermediates focuses on the study of reactive intermediates. This book discusses the methods of formation and investigation, factors affecting the stability, and reactions of the intermediate. Other topics include the formation and reaction of free radicals; kinetic aspects of free-radical chain reactions; electronic states and structures of carbenes; and formation of transient carbenes and carbenoids in solution. The intermediacy of nitrenes in reactions; electronic structure and spectra; methods of investigating carbonium ions; and reactions of carbonium ions are also elaborated. This publication likewise covers the preparation of carbanions; factors affecting the stability of carbanions; reactions involving radical ions; and methods of investigating arynes. This volume serves as a textbook for the first graduate-level course, as well as a reference for industrial chemists interested in organic reaction mechanisms.
Download or read book The Chemistry of Nitrogen rich Functional Groups written by Alexander Greer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is unique among the non-carbon atoms in its ability to form single, double, and triple bonds with itself, giving rise to a wide range of organic-chemical groups containing several nitrogen atoms in different states and geometries. The present volume surveys the properties and chemical behaviour of all important nitrogen-rich organic-chemical groups, including azides, azimines, aziridines, diazo compounds, nitramines, nitrenes, nitrosamines, polyazine N-oxides, tetrazoles, triazanes, triazenes, and triazoles. A special focus lies on commercially important species which are used, e. g., as powerful explosives. PATAI's Chemistry of Functional Groups publishes comprehensive reviews on all aspects of specific functional groups. Each volume contains outstanding surveys on theoretical and computational aspects, NMR, MS, other spectroscopic methods and analytical chemistry, structural aspects, thermochemistry, photochemistry, synthetic approaches and strategies, synthetic uses and applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industries, biological, biochemical and environmental aspects. To date, almost 150 volumes have been published in the series.
Download or read book Reactive Intermediate Chemistry written by Robert A. Moss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-01-07 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reactive Intermediate Chemistry presents a detailed and timely examination of key intermediates central to the mechanisms of numerous organic chemical transformations. Spectroscopy, kinetics, and computational studies are integrated in chapters dealing with the chemistry of carbocations, carbanions, radicals, radical ions, carbenes, nitrenes, arynes, nitrenium ions, diradicals, etc. Nanosecond, picosecond, and femtosecond kinetic realms are explored, and applications of current dynamics and electronic structure calculations are examined. Reactive Intermediate Chemistry provides a deeper understanding of contemporary physical organic chemistry, and will assist chemists in the design of new reactions for the efficient synthesis of pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and agricultural products. Among its features, this authoritative volume is: Edited and authored by world-renowned leaders in physical organic chemistry. Ideal for use as a primary or supplemental graduate textbook for courses in mechanistic organic chemistry or physical chemistry. Enhanced by supplemental reading lists and summary overviews in each chapter.
Download or read book Aziridines and Epoxides in Organic Synthesis written by Andrei K. Yudin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-02-20 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aziridines and epoxides are among the most widely used intermediates in organic synthesis, acting as precursors to complex molecules due to the strains incorporated in their skeletons. Besides their importance as reactive intermediates, many biologically active compounds also contain these three-membered rings. Filling a gap in the literature, this clearly structured book presents the much needed information in a compact and concise way. The renowned editor has succeeded in gathering together excellent authors to cover synthesis, applications, and the biological aspects in equal depth. Divided roughly equally between aziridines and epoxides, the twelve chapters discuss: * Synthesis of aziridines * Nucleophilic ring-opening of aziridines and epoxides * Organic synthesis with aziridine building blocks * Vinyl aziridines in organic synthesis * Diastereoselective aziridination reagents * Synthetic aspects of aziridinomitocene chemistry * Biosynthesis of biologically important aziridines * Organic catalysis of epoxide and aziridine ring formation * Metal-mediated synthesis of epoxides * Asymmetric epoxide ring opening chemistry * Epoxides in complex molecule synthesis * Biological activity of epoxide-containing molecules A high-quality reference manual for academic and industrial chemists alike.
Download or read book Organic Photochemistry written by Albert Padwa and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic photochemistry is the science arising from the application of photochemicalmethods to organic chemistry and organic chemical methods to photochemistry. It is aninterdisciplinary frontier.Intense activity in organic photochemistry in the last decade has produced so vast anaccumulation of factual knowledge that chemists in general have viewed it with awe.Even those chemists engaged in the study of organic photochemistry will find the rate ofdevelopment in the field perplexing to a high degree. This series originated to fill theneed for a critical summary of this vigorously expanding field with the purpose ofdrawing together seemingly unrelated facts, summarizing progress, and clarifyingproblems.Volume 11 continues to fulfill the original, essential role of this unique series byproviding a convenient review of the structural aspects of organic photochemistry. Aswith earlier volumes, this new book offers the research findings of distinguishedauthorities. It stresses timely aspects of organic photochemistry-previously scatteredthroughout the large body of literature-for which necessary critical review has beenlacking.This volume of the series emphasizes the mechanistic details of the di-n:-methanerearrangement . .. the synthetic aspects of the oxadi-n:-methane reaction ... thephotochemistry of carbenium ions and related species .. . photoinduced hydrogen atomabstraction by carbonyl compounds ... and matrix photochemistry of nitrenes, carbenes,and excited triplet states. Complete with numerous illustrations and bibliographiccitations of the literature, this book explores these important processes to the advantageof organic chemists, as an aid to research and as a source for supplementary knowledgeon particular topics .
Download or read book Organic Azides written by Stefan Bräse and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-23 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most current state-of-the-art overview of this important class of compounds, encompassing many new and emerging applications The number of articles on organic azides continues to increase tremendously; on average, there are more than 1000 new publications a year Covers basic chemistry as well as state-of-the-art applications in life science and materials science World-ranked authors describe their own research in the wider context of azide chemistry Includes a chapter on safe synthesis and handling (azides can decompose explosively)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Organic Compounds written by Petr Klán and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-28 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photochemistry of Organic Compounds: From Concepts toPractice provides a hands-on guide demonstrating the underlyingprinciples of photochemistry and, by reference to a range oforganic reaction types, its effective use in the synthesis of neworganic compounds and in various applications. The book presents a complete and methodical approach to thetopic, Working from basic principles, discussing key techniques andstudies of reactive intermediates, and illustrating syntheticphotochemical procedures. Incorporating special topics and case studies covering variousapplications of photochemistry in chemistry, environmentalsciences, biochemistry, physics, medicine, and industry. Providing extensive references to the original literature andto review articles. Concluding with a chapter on retrosynthetic photochemistry,listing key reactions to aid the reader in designing their ownsynthetic pathways. This book will be a valuable source of information andinspiration for postgraduates as well as professionals from a widerange of chemical and natural sciences.
Download or read book Reactive Intermediates in Organic Chemistry written by Maya Shankar Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-22 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most reactions in organic chemistry do not proceed in a single step but rather take several steps to yield the desired product. In the course of these multi-step reaction sequences, short-lived intermediates can be generated that quickly convert into other intermediates, reactants, products or side products. As these intermediates are highly reactive, they cannot usually be isolated, but their existence and structure can be proved by theoretical and experimental methods. Using the information obtained, researchers can better understand the underlying reaction mechanism of a certain organic transformation and thus develop novel strategies for efficient organic synthesis. The chapters are clearly structured and are arranged according to the type of intermediate, providing information on the formation, characterization, stereochemistry, stability, and reactivity of the intermediates. Additionally, representative examples and a problem section with different levels of difficulty are included for self-testing the newly acquired knowledge. By providing a deeper understanding of the underlying concepts, this is a musthave reference for PhD and Master Students in organic chemistry, as well as a valuable source of information for chemists in academia and industry working in the field. It is also ideal as primary or supplementary reading for courses on organic chemistry, physical organic chemistry or analytical chemistry.
Download or read book Catalytic Amination for N Alkyl Amine Synthesis written by Feng Shi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-03-14 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic Amination for N-Alkyl Amine Synthesis provides a useful survey of this key type of reaction for chemistry researchers in academia and industry. Beginning with an introduction to amination and the development of the field, the book focuses on useful and high potential methods, such as the catalytic amination of alcohol with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, the coupling reaction of olefin and amine, and the reductive amination of carbon dioxide with different reducing agents. The work also discusses two key examples of one-pot synthesis, the oxidative amination of alkane and amine and synthesis of N-alkyl amine with nitrobenzene and nitrile as starting materials. Valuable for chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers and others, the book offers a unique overview of this growing area and its future possibilities. Describes the catalytic amination of alcohol with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts Discusses the one-pot oxidative amination of alkane and amine Explores the application of ammonia as the N-source in amination reaction to avoid primary or secondary amine synthesis
Download or read book Organic Chemistry written by Pierre Vogel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-07 with total page 1382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the background, tools, and models required to understand organic synthesis and plan chemical reactions more efficiently Knowledge of physical chemistry is essential for achieving successful chemical reactions in organic chemistry. Chemists must be competent in a range of areas to understand organic synthesis. Organic Chemistry provides the methods, models, and tools necessary to fully comprehend organic reactions. Written by two internationally recognized experts in the field, this much-needed textbook fills a gap in current literature on physical organic chemistry. Rigorous yet straightforward chapters first examine chemical equilibria, thermodynamics, reaction rates and mechanisms, and molecular orbital theory, providing readers with a strong foundation in physical organic chemistry. Subsequent chapters demonstrate various reactions involving organic, organometallic, and biochemical reactants and catalysts. Throughout the text, numerous questions and exercises, over 800 in total, help readers strengthen their comprehension of the subject and highlight key points of learning. The companion Organic Chemistry Workbook contains complete references and answers to every question in this text. A much-needed resource for students and working chemists alike, this text: -Presents models that establish if a reaction is possible, estimate how long it will take, and determine its properties -Describes reactions with broad practical value in synthesis and biology, such as C-C-coupling reactions, pericyclic reactions, and catalytic reactions -Enables readers to plan chemical reactions more efficiently -Features clear illustrations, figures, and tables -With a Foreword by Nobel Prize Laureate Robert H. Grubbs Organic Chemistry: Theory, Reactivity, and Mechanisms in Modern Synthesis is an ideal textbook for students and instructors of chemistry, and a valuable work of reference for organic chemists, physical chemists, and chemical engineers.
Download or read book Advanced Organic Chemistry written by Francis A. Carey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-06 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-part, fifth edition of Advanced Organic Chemistry has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. The material has been updated to reflect advances in the field since the previous edition, especially in computational chemistry. Part B describes the most general and useful synthetic reactions, organized on the basis of reaction type. It can stand-alone; together, with Part A: Structure and Mechanisms, the two volumes provide a comprehensive foundation for the study in organic chemistry. Companion websites provide digital models for students and exercise solutions for instructors.
Download or read book Magnetic Properties of Organic Materials written by Paul M. Lahti and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-01-20 with total page 751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an extensive overview of the last three decades of research on the structures and magnetic behaviors of organic and organometallic substances-building a solid foundation for future research into applications of molecular materials based on organic paramagnetic and polymeric systems. Provides the essential body of knowledge for an organically oriented materials science of electronic materials.
