Download or read book Trends in Black Hole Research written by Paul V. Kreitler and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A black hole is a point of extreme mass in spacetime with a radius, or event horizon, inside of which all electromagnetic radiation (including light) is trapped by gravity. A black hole is an extremely compact object, collapsed by gravity which has overcome electric and nuclear forces. It is believed that stars appreciably larger than the Sun, once they have exhausted all their nuclear fuel, collapse to form black holes: they are "black" because no light escapes their intense gravity. Material attracted to a black hole, though, gains enormous energy and can radiate part of it before being swallowed up. Some astronomers believe that enormously massive black holes exist in the centre of our galaxy and of other galaxies. This new book brings together leading research from throughout the world.
Download or read book New Developments in Black Hole Research written by Paul V. Kreitler and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A black hole is a point of extreme mass in space-time with a radius, or event horizon, inside of which all electromagnetic radiation (including light) is trapped by gravity. A black hole is an extremely compact object, collapsed by gravity which has overcome electric and nuclear forces. It is believed that stars appreciably larger than the Sun, once they have exhausted all their nuclear fuel, collapse to form black holes: they are "black" because no light escapes their intense gravity. Material attracted to a black hole, though, gains enormous energy and can radiate part of it before being swallowed up. Some astronomers believe that enormously massive black holes exist in the centre of our galaxy and of other galaxies. This book brings together leading research from throughout the world.
Download or read book Black Hole Physics written by V. Frolov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-11-30 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the physics of black holes and the methods employed in it, and reviews the main results of this branch of physics. Frolov (physics, U. of Alberta) and Novikov (theoretical astrophysics, U. of Copenhagen) focus on questions that have been answered relatively recently. Among the topics treated are: space-time of stationary black holes, general theory of black holes, black hole perturbations, numerics, electrodynamics, black holes in unified theories of gravity, quantum black holes, final states of evaporating black holes, and the information loss puzzle. Special attention is paid to the role of black holes in astrophysics and observational evidence of black hole existence. Many exotic subjects linked with black holes, such as white holes, wormholes, and time machines, are discussed. Appendices cover mathematical aspects of general relativity and black holes and quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book The Shadow of the Black Hole written by John W. Moffat and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Black holes are one of the extraordinary phenomena in the universe whose existence was surmised not by observations, but by theory. The black hole is a prediction of Einstein's 1915-1916 gravitational theory, general relativity, which replaced Sir Isaac Newton's gravity theory, published in his famous treatise Principia in 1687. In 1784, Reverend John Michell, a fellow of Queens' College and Professor of Geology at Cambridge University, had already envisioned what we now call black holes. He asked what would happen if a star's gravity were so strong that its escape velocity - the speed at which a rocket, for example, would have to travel to leave the star - exceeded the speed of light? Michell realized that any light emanating from the star would have to fall back to its surface. He speculated that the escape velocity would exceed the speed of light for a very massive star, making the star invisible to an observer"--
Download or read book Superradiance written by Richard Brito and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on one mechanism in black hole physics which has proven to be universal, multifaceted and with a rich phenomenology: rotational superradiance. This is an energy extraction process, whereby black holes can deposit their rotational energy in their surroundings, leading to Penrose processes, black-hole bombs, and even Hawking radiation. Black holes are key players in star formation mechanisms and as engines to some of the most violent events in our universe. Their simplicity and compactness make them perfect laboratories, ideally suited to probe new fields or modifications to the theory of gravity. Thus, black holes can also be used to probe some of the most important open problems in physics, including the nature of dark matter or the strong CP problem in particle physics. This monograph is directed to researchers and graduate students and provides a unified view of the subject, covering the theoretical machinery, experimental efforts in the laboratory, and astrophysics searches. It is focused on recent developments and works out a number of novel examples and applications, ranging from fundamental physics to astrophysics. Non-specialists with a scientific background should also find this text a valuable resource for understanding the critical issues of contemporary research in black-hole physics. This second edition stresses the role of ergoregions in superradiance, and completes its catalogue of energy-extraction processes. It presents a unified description of instabilities of spinning black holes in the presence of massive fields. Finally, it covers the first experimental observation of superradiance, and reviews the state-of-the-art in the searches for new light fields in the universe using superradiance as a mechanism.
Download or read book Focus on Black Hole Research written by Paul V. Kreitler and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A black hole is a point of extreme mass in space-time with a radius, or event horizon, inside of which all electromagnetic radiation (including light) is trapped by gravity. A black hole is an extremely compact object, collapsed by gravity which has overcome electric and nuclear forces. It is believed that stars appreciably larger than the Sun, once they have exhausted all their nuclear fuel, collapse to form black holes: they are "black" because no light escapes their intense gravity. Material attracted to a black hole, though, gains enormous energy and can radiate part of it before being swallowed up. Some astronomers believe that enormously massive black holes exist in the centre of our galaxy and of other galaxies. This new book brings together leading research from through-out the world.
Download or read book Black Holes written by Mario Livio and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-24 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black holes, once considered to be of purely theoretical interest, play an important role in observational astronomy and a range of astrophysical phenomena. This volume is based on a meeting held at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which explored the many aspects of black hole astrophysics. Written by world experts in areas of stellar-mass, intermediate-mass and supermassive black holes, these review papers provide an up-to-date overview of developments in this field. Topics discussed range from black hole entropy and the fate of information to supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies, and from the possibility of producing black holes in collider experiments to the measurements of black hole spins. This is an invaluable resource for researchers currently working in the field, and for graduate students interested in this active and growing area of research.
Download or read book Trends in Quantum Gravity Research written by David C. Moore and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum gravity is the field of theoretical physics attempting to unify the theory of quantum mechanics, which describes three of the fundamental forces of nature, with general relativity, the theory of the fourth fundamental force: gravity. The ultimate goal is a unified framework for all fundamental forces -- a theory of everything. This book examines state-of-art research in this field.
Download or read book Black Holes written by Derek Raine and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-09-30 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an accessible introduction to the fascinating and topical subject of black holes. It bridges the gap between popular non-mathematical expositions and advanced research texts, using simple undergraduate level calculations and the most basic knowledge of relativity to explain current research. This means the theory can be understood by a wide audience of physicists, including those who are not necessarily interested in learning higher-level mathematical techniques. The third edition links more of the current research trends to fundamental aspects of the physics of black holes. Additionally: It provides an accessible introduction to the two most useful exact solutions of Einstein's vacuum field equations describing black holes, using only basic tensor calculusExplores the geometry and physical properties of these spacetimes through the motion of particles and lightExplains the use of different coordinate systems, maximal extensions and Penrose diagramsDiscusses the association of the surface area of a black hole with its entropy and shows that, with the introduction of quantum mechanics, black holes cease to be black and can radiate. This allows black holes to satisfy the laws of thermodynamics and thus be consistent with the rest of physicsIncludes over 100 problems and solutions This new edition introduces a chapter dedicated to a selection of recent results. Existing chapters have been updated and new explanatory material has been added to aid in the understanding of the physics. This book is recommended reading for advanced undergraduate students and first-year postgraduates who will find it a useful stepping-stone to the advanced literature.
Download or read book Measuring the Angular Momentum of Supermassive Black Holes written by Laura Brenneman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring the spin distribution of supermassive black holes is of critical importance for understanding how these black holes and their host galaxies form and evolve over time, yet this type of study is only in its infancy. This brief describes how astronomers measure spin in supermassive black holes using X-ray spectroscopy. It also reviews the constraints that have been placed on the spin distribution in local, bright active galaxies over the past six years, and the cosmological implications of these constraints. Finally, it summarizes the open questions that remain in this exciting new field of research and points toward future discoveries soon to be made by the next generation of space-based observatories.
Download or read book High Energy Radiation from Black Holes written by Charles D. Dermer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-21 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bright gamma-ray flares observed from sources far beyond our Milky Way Galaxy are best explained if enormous amounts of energy are liberated by black holes. The highest- energy particles in nature--the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays--cannot be confined by the Milky Way's magnetic field, and must originate from sources outside our Galaxy. Understanding these energetic radiations requires an extensive theoretical framework involving the radiation physics and strong-field gravity of black holes. In High Energy Radiation from Black Holes, Charles Dermer and Govind Menon present a systematic exposition of black-hole astrophysics and general relativity in order to understand how gamma rays, cosmic rays, and neutrinos are produced by black holes. Beginning with Einstein's special and general theories of relativity, the authors give a detailed mathematical description of fundamental astrophysical radiation processes, including Compton scattering of electrons and photons, synchrotron radiation of particles in magnetic fields, photohadronic interactions of cosmic rays with photons, gamma-ray attenuation, Fermi acceleration, and the Blandford-Znajek mechanism for energy extraction from rotating black holes. The book provides a basis for graduate students and researchers in the field to interpret the latest results from high-energy observatories, and helps resolve whether energy released by rotating black holes powers the highest-energy radiations in nature. The wide range of detail will make High Energy Radiation from Black Holes a standard reference for black-hole research.
Download or read book Astrophysics of Black Holes written by Cosimo Bambi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the state of the art of the basic theoretical and observational topics related to black hole astrophysics. It covers all the main topics in this wide field, from the theory of accretion disks and formation mechanisms of jet and outflows, to their observed electromagnetic spectrum, and attempts to measure the spin of these objects. Black holes are one of the most fascinating predictions of general relativity and are currently a very hot topic in both physics and astrophysics. In the last five years there have been significant advances in our understanding of these systems, and in the next five years it should become possible to use them to test fundamental physics, in particular to predict the general relativity in the strong field regime. The book is both a reference work for researchers and a textbook for graduate students.
Download or read book Black Holes A Very Short Introduction written by Katherine Blundell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black holes are a source of wide fascination. In this Very Short Introduction, Katherine Blundell addresses a variety of questions, including what a black hole actually is, how they are characterised and discovered, to what happens if you get too close to one. Explaining how black holes formand grow across cosmic time, as well as how many there are in the Universe, she also considers how black holes interact with matter - by stealing material that belongs to other stars, and how black holes give rise to quasars and other spectacular, yet exotic phenomena in outer space.
Download or read book The Physics of Accretion onto Black Holes written by Maurizio Falanga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-28 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive summary on the physical models and current theory of black hole accretion, growth and mergers, in both the supermassive and stellar-mass cases. This title reviews in-depth research on accretion on all scales, from galactic binaries to intermediate mass and supermassive black holes. Possible future directions of accretion are also discussed. The following main themes are covered: a historical perspective; physical models of accretion onto black holes of all masses; black hole fundamental parameters; and accretion, jets and outflows. An overview and outlook on the topic is also presented. This volume summarizes the status of the study of astrophysical black hole research and is aimed at astrophysicists and graduate students working in this field. Originally published in Space Science Reviews, Vol 183/1-4, 2014.
Download or read book Formation Of The First Black Holes written by Muhammad Latif and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-04-26 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of the first supermassive black holes is one of the main open questions in our understanding of high-redshift structure formation. In this book, we aim to provide a summary of state-of-the-art modern research on this topic, exploring the formation of massive black holes from a fluid-dynamical, stellar-dynamical and chemical perspective. The book thus presents a solid theoretical foundation, a comparison with current observations and future observational perspectives with upcoming missions such as the Square Kilometre Array, the European Extremely Large Telescope, the Euclid satellite as well as possible detections via gravitational waves.
Download or read book Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe written by A.J. Barger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-08-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quasars, and the menagerie of other galaxies with "unusual nuclei", now collectively known as Active Galactic Nuclei or AGN, have, in one form or another, sparked the interest of astronomers for over 60 years. The only known mechanism that can explain the staggering amounts of energy emitted by the innermost regions of these systems is gravitational energy release by matter falling towards a supermassive black hole --- a black hole whose mass is millions to billions of times the mass of our Sun. AGN emit radiation at all wavelengths. X-rays originating at a distance of a few times the event horizon of the black hole are the emissions closest to the black hole that we can detect; thus, X-rays directly reveal the presence of active supermassive black holes. Oftentimes, however, the supermassive black holes that lie at the centers of AGN are cocooned in gas and dust that absorb the emitted low energy X-rays and the optical and ultraviolet light, hiding the black hole from view at these wavelengths. Until recently, this low-energy absorption presented a major obstacle in observational efforts to map the accretion history of the universe. In 1999 and 2000, the launches of the Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray Observatories finally broke the impasse. The impact of these observatories on X-ray astronomy is similar to the impact that the Hubble Space Telescope had on optical astronomy. The astounding new data from these observatories have enabled astronomers to make enormous advances in their understanding of when accretion occurs.
Download or read book Black Holes written by Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black holes, once considered to be of purely theoretical interest, play an important role in observational astronomy and a range of astrophysical phenomena. This volume is based on a meeting held at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which explored the many aspects of black hole astrophysics. Written by world experts in areas of stellar-mass, intermediate-mass and supermassive black holes, these review papers provide an up-to-date overview of developments in this field. Topics discussed range from black hole entropy and the fate of information to supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies, and from the possibility of producing black holes in collider experiments to the measurements of black hole spins. This is an invaluable resource for researchers currently working in the field, and for graduate students interested in this active and growing area of research.
