Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Download or read book Organ Procurement and Transplantation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-12-09 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each day, nearly 60 Americans receive a transplanted kidney, liver, or other organâ€"a literal "second chance at life"â€"but 11 others die waiting for an organ transplant. The number of donors, although rising, is not growing fast enough to meet the increasing demand. Intended to improve the current system of organ procurement and allocation, the "Final Rule," a 1998 regulation issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, sparked further controversy with its attempts to eliminate the apparent geographic disparities in the time an individual must wait for an organ. This book assesses the potential impact of the Final Rule on organ transplantation. It also presents new, original analyses of data, and assesses medical practices, social and economic observations, and other information on: access to transplantation services for low-income populations and racial and ethnic minority groups; organ donation rates; waiting times for transplantation; patient survival rates and organ failure rates leading to retransplantation; and cost of organ transplantation services.
Download or read book How Death Becomes Life written by Joshua Mezrich and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A beautifully written and compelling memoir of a largely unexplored area of medicine: transplant surgery. Leading transplant surgeon Dr Joshua Mezrich creates life from loss, moving organs from one body to another. In this intimate, profoundly moving work, he examines more than one hundred years of remarkable medical breakthroughs, connecting this fascinating history with the stories of his own patients. Gripping and evocative, How Death Becomes Life takes us inside the operating room and presents the stark dilemmas that transplant surgeons must face daily: How much risk should a healthy person be allowed to take to save someone she loves? Should a patient suffering from alcoholism receive a healthy liver? The human story behind the most exceptional medicine of our time, Mezrich's riveting book is a poignant reminder that a life lost can also offer the hope of a new beginning.
Download or read book Transport Organs written by G. Giebisch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts
Download or read book Surgical Technique of the Abdominal Organ Procurement written by Andrzej Baranski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-01 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book encompasses Dr Baranski’s 20 year experience in the field of abdominal organ donation. It is a step-by-step guide with photographs and drawings with clear explanations highlighting pitfalls. The book quickly and easily guides the reader through the difficult steps during organ procurement. It is mainly illustration-based, without much text, and covers surgical technical mistakes and organ damage.
Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contemporary Bioethics written by Mohammed Ali Al-Bar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.
Download or read book Transport Organs written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organs on chips written by Yu-suke Torisawa and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in microsystems technology and cell culture techniques have led to the development of organ-on-chip microdevices that produce tissue-level functionality, not possible with conventional culture models, by recapitulating natural tissue architecture and microenvironmental cues within microfluidic devices. Since the physiological microenvironments in living systems are mostly microfluidic in nature, the use of microfluidic devices facilitates engineering cellular microenvironments; the microfluidic devices allow for control of local chemical gradients and dynamic mechanical forces, which play important roles in cellular viability and function. The organ-on-chip microdevices have great potential to promote drug discovery and development, to model human physiology and disease, and to replace animal models for efficacy and toxicity testing. Recently, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been leveraged to develop organs-on-chips, which enable various types of organ models and disease models not possible with primary cells and cell lines. This Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on: (1) microdevices to mimic or control cellular microenvironment; (2) microdevices to evaluate interactions between different organ models; (3) microdevices to maintain iPS cells or iPSC-derived cells; and (4) sensors and techniques to evaluate drug efficacy or toxicity.
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Applications of Cell and Tissue Culture to Drug Transport written by Glynn Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there have been rapid advances in the growth and differentiation of mammalian cells in culture. This has led to increasing use of such in vitro systems in a wide variety of studies on fundamental aspects of cell structure and function, including normal growth and metabolism, mechanisms of differentiation and oncogenesis, mechanisms of protein and membrane synthesis and cell polarity. Recent advances in our ability to grow cells, including human cells, on permeable supports, to generate confluent cellular barriers with the morphological polarity corresponding to their in vivo counterparts has greatly facilitated such studies. In particular these new techniques have led to an increasing interest in the use of cell and tissue culture systems as a means for examining the transport of drugs across epithelial and endothelial barriers. An obvious question is whether these new in vitro methodologies will provide convenient systems that can substitute for and replace animal models. Various research groups both in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry have been investigating these types of methodologies in order to develop convenient well characterized systems that can be used to examine basic aspects of transcellular transport and to evaluate the permeability of drug molecules and delivery systems. Of particular note is use of confluent cell layers to study the transport of large molecules such as peptides and proteins produced through recombinant DNA technology.
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering Artifical organ Design and Development and Tissue Engineering written by Kal Renganathan Sharma and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2010-07-21 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Cutting-Edge Guide to Applying Transport Phenomena Principles to Bioengineering Systems Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering: Artificial Order Design and Development and Tissue Engineering explains how to apply the equations of continuity, momentum, energy, and mass to human anatomical systems. This authoritative resource presents solutions along with term-by-term medical significance. Worked exercises illustrate the equations derived, and detailed case studies highlight real-world examples of artificial organ design and human tissue engineering. Coverage includes: Fundamentals of fluid mechanics and principles of molecular diffusion Osmotic pressure, solvent permeability, and solute transport Rheology of blood and transport Gas transport Pharmacokinetics Tissue design Bioartificial organ design and immunoisolation Bioheat transport 541 end-of-chapter exercises and review questions 106 illustrations 1,469 equations derived from first principles
Download or read book Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs written by Joseph D. Bronzino and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 1328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last century, medicine has come out of the "black bag" and emerged as one of the most dynamic and advanced fields of development in science and technology. Today, biomedical engineering plays a critical role in patient diagnosis, care, and rehabilitation. As such, the field encompasses a wide range of disciplines, from biology and physiology to material science and nanotechnology. Reflecting the enormous growth and change in biomedical engineering during the infancy of the 21st century, The Biomedical Engineering Handbook enters its third edition as a set of three carefully focused and conveniently organized books. Reviewing applications at the leading edge of modern biomedical engineering, Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs explores transport phenomena, biomimetics systems, biotechnology, prostheses, artificial organs, and ethical issues. The book features approximately 90% new material in the tissue engineering section, integrates coverage of life sciences with a new section on molecular biology, and includes a new section on bionanotechnology. Prominent leaders from around the world share their expertise in their respective fields with many new and updated chapters. New technologies and methods spawned by biomedical engineering have the potential to improve the quality of life for everyone, and Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs sheds light on the tools that will enable these advances.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transport Organs written by G. Giebisch and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tissues and Organs written by G. A. Chauvet and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-11 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical Systems in Biology: Hierarchical and Functional Integration, Volume II: Tissues and Organs discusses the phenomenology of physiological mechanisms. The book is comprised 10 chapters that are organized into two parts. The first part covers topics about the cell and its environment, such as cell membrane structure, mechanisms of membrane transport, and cell excitability. The second part deals with the mechanisms of physiological functions, which include the metabolic system, the respiratory system, and the renal system. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals whose work requires a good understanding of human physiology.
Download or read book Split liver transplantation written by X. Rogiers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at the trainee surgeon and experienced transplant surgeon, this compendium on split-liver grafting contains articles written by faculty members of the first International Course on Split-Liver Transplantation. It covers the main aspects of the field and is geared towards helping surgeons select the best surgical techniques as well as identifying the pitfalls. The text features detailed instructions on the various procedures as well as an overview of the area.
Download or read book Medical and Industrial Applications of Microfluidic based Cell Tissue Culture and Organs on a Chip Advances in Organs on a Chip and Organoids Technologies written by Qasem Ramadan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in microfluidics have demonstrated enormous potential of microscale cell culture for biology studies and recognized as instrumental in performing rapid and efficient experiments on small-sample volumes. Microfluidic-based cell culture is an area of research that keeps growing and gaining importance as a prominent technology, able to link scientific disciplines with industrial and clinical applications. In particular, organotypic cell culture and its integration in microfluidic devices would enable the realization of “in vivo-like” cell microenvironment within systems that are more amenable to automation and integration. Such remarkable advancement forms the foundation and motivation to transfer research from the laboratory to the field. Although the microfluidics and cell culture technologies have influenced many areas of science, significant research efforts are currently focus on finding methods to transform drug screening and toxicity testing from a system reliant on high-dose animal studies to one based primarily on human-relevant in vitro models. In line with regulatory developments precluding the use of animal testing, as well as fundamental differences in animal versus human, human in vitro methodologies are required to replace the animal-based testes while permitting physiologically relevant model equivalents for superior prediction. Organs-on-a-chip is an ambitious and rapidly growing technology that promise to bridge the gap between in vivo and in vitro studies and open wide possibilities in medical and industrial applications. However, many challenges are still ahead. This eBook present recent state-of-the-art works and critical reviews in organs-on-a-chip technology which highlight the new advances in this growing field with an emphasis on the interface between technological advancements and high impact applications.
