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Book Some Factors Affecting the Transmission of Pea Enation Mosaic Virus by the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon Pisum harris with Emphasis on the Inoculation Phase of the Transmission Cycle

Download or read book Some Factors Affecting the Transmission of Pea Enation Mosaic Virus by the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon Pisum harris with Emphasis on the Inoculation Phase of the Transmission Cycle written by James Hsi-cho Tsai and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book A Partial Characterization of Acyrthosiphon Pisum Harris Strains Efficient and Inefficient in the Transmission of Pea Enation Mosaic Virus

Download or read book A Partial Characterization of Acyrthosiphon Pisum Harris Strains Efficient and Inefficient in the Transmission of Pea Enation Mosaic Virus written by Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Igbokwe and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Plant Virus Transmission by Biotypes of the Green Peach and Potato Aphids

Download or read book Plant Virus Transmission by Biotypes of the Green Peach and Potato Aphids written by Abdul Aziz bin S. A. Kadir and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Biological Relationships Between Pea Enation Mosaic Virus and Its Vector the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon Pisum Harris

Download or read book Biological Relationships Between Pea Enation Mosaic Virus and Its Vector the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon Pisum Harris written by Lowell Raymond Nault and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Pea Enation Mosaic Virus

Download or read book Pea Enation Mosaic Virus written by J. Victor French and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Influence of Several Factors on Behavior and Subsequent Transmission of Bean Common Mosaic Virus by the Green Peach Aphid

Download or read book The Influence of Several Factors on Behavior and Subsequent Transmission of Bean Common Mosaic Virus by the Green Peach Aphid written by Francis William Zettler and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Pesticides Documentation Bulletin

Download or read book Pesticides Documentation Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Aphid Age and In vector Virus Concentration as Factors Influencing Pea Enation Mosaic Virus Transmission by the Pea Aphid

Download or read book Aphid Age and In vector Virus Concentration as Factors Influencing Pea Enation Mosaic Virus Transmission by the Pea Aphid written by Hendarsih Suharto and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) and aging pea aphids was studied. Although this research initially emphasized the relationship between the decline in the rate of PEMV transmission and the 'concentration of PEMV within pea aphids, aphid age was found to be the principle factor influencing transmission. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to assay the concentration of virus within aphid bodies. Aphid age at the time of virus acquisition significantly influenced the maximum rate of transmission attained and the rate of transmission decline by aging aphids. Following a 24-hr virus acquisition treatment, 1-day-old aphids achieved the highest transmission rate (95%) and the slowest decline in their rate of transmission of 4 age groups tested. Eight-day-old aphids had a maximum transmission rate of 50% and a more rapid decline in transmission. Thirteen-day-old aphids had a maximum rate of only 5% while 23-day-old aphids did not transmit at all. The relative feeding rate of aphids 8, 13, 18, and 23 days old was measured indirectly by assaying the virus concentration in aphids immediately following a standard 24-hr virus acquisition treatment. The 18- and 23-day-old aphids fed significantly less than 8- and 13-day-olds. The concentration of PEMV was monitored periodically in both whole and dissected aphids during 16 day test periods following a 24-hr virus acquisition treatment. In the whole insect study, l-day-olds initially acquired A405 = 0.06 or 2.3 ng of PEMV while 8-day-olds acquired A405 = 0.44 or 20 ng of PEMV per aphid. The average concentration of PEMV recorded from individuals in the 1-day-old group remained constant during the 16-day test period while in the 8-day-old group it decreased significantly. When aphids from the 8-day-old group were dissected immediately after completion of the virus acquisition treatment, the virus concentration was found to be higher in the gut than in the body region. The concentration in the gut, however, declined rapidly while in the body it remained constant during the 16-day post-virus acquisition test period. Decline in the virus transmission rates by aging aphids was not explained by the virus concentration within aphids. In fact, transmission of PEMV by individual aphids was independent of the virus concentration within individual aphids. Therefore, decline in the transmission rate is more likely dependent on the physiological realtionship between PEMV and key processes within vectors, such as, entry of virions into the salivary system. These processes may be slowed by vector aging.

Book Westcott s Plant Disease Handbook

Download or read book Westcott s Plant Disease Handbook written by R. Kenneth Horst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was a compliment to me to be asked to prepare the fourth edition of Westcott's Plant Disease Handbook, and the decision to accept the responsi bility for the fourth edition and now the fifth edition was not taken lightly. The task has been a formidable one. I have always had a great respect professionally for Dr. Cynthia Westcott. That respect has grown considerably with the completion of the two editions. I now fully realize the tremendous amount of effort expended by Dr. Westcott in developing the Handbook. A book such as this is never finished, since one is never sure that everything has been included that should be. I would quote and endorse the words of Dr. Westcott in her preface to the first edition: "It is easy enough to start a book on plant disease. It is impossible to finish it. " This revision of the Handbook retains the same general format contained in the previous editions. The chemicals and pesticides regulations have been updated; a few taxonomic changes have been made in the bacteria, fungi, and mistletoes; the changing picture in diseases caused by viruses and/ or viruslike agents has been described. A few new host plants have been added, and many recently reported diseases as well as previously known diseases listed now on new hosts have been included. In addition, photographs have been replaced where possible, and the color photograph section has been retained.

Book Susceptibility of Peas to Aphid Inoculation with Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus

Download or read book Susceptibility of Peas to Aphid Inoculation with Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus written by Richard Elroy Welton and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of soil moisture, mineral nutrition and temperature on the susceptibility of peas to inoculation with bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) by the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) were investigated along with three vector-virus relationships. In addition, a comparative study was made of two methods of evaluating susceptibility of slants to inoculation with virus by aphids. A more accurate method of estimating plant susceptibility to inoculation with virus by aphids is proposed. With this method, the aphid is allowed to probe only once on a test plant rather than spending; its entire infective feeding period on the plant. There was no statistically significant difference between the susceptibility of plants grown in very moist soil and the susceptibility of plants grown in very dry soil even though the plants in the dry soil were strikingly dwarfed. Additions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to the soil at the time of planting had no effect on the susceptibility of Lincoln and Perfected Wales peas to inoculation with BYMV by aphids even though these treatments resulted in large increases in the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil and plants. The addition of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese and zinc chelates to the soil had no effect on the susceptibility of Lincoln peas to inoculation with BYMV by aphids. There was an increase in susceptibility of Lincoln peas to inoculation with BYMV by aphids with decrease in preinoculation temperature over a range of 15° to 36° C. Regression analysis indicated the increase was linear and amounted to approximately a six percent increase in susceptibility for each degree centigrade decrease in temperature. Plants grown at postinoculation temperatures below 24° were less susceptible than plants grown at 246. Plant susceptibility was greater at a postinoculation temperature of 30° than at 24°. Initial work indicated the effects of preinoculation and postinoculation temperatures were not additive. No significant differences in virus transmission were found for aphids with acquisition probes in the 11- to 45-second range. Increase in test probe time resulted in increase in virus transmission over a 6- to 60-second range, the major increase occurring after 35 seconds. In an experiment on the retention of BYMV by feeding aphids, the transmission decreased from an initial level of 74% to 4% after a 15-minute feeding.

Book Bibliography of Agriculture

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 1760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: