Download or read book Transitional Justice in Post Saddam Iraq written by Working Group on Transitional Justice in Iraq and published by . This book was released on 2003* with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transitional Justice in Post Saddam Iraq written by Working Group on Transitional Justice in Iraq and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transitional justice in Post Saddam Iraq written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transitional Justice for the Kurds in Iraq written by Guli Babadjanova and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over three and a half decades the Iraqi population lived as a shadow of the dictator, Saddam Hussein. A shadow put before a choice of either following its bearer or falling at his hands. The Kurds were among those who refused to be ruled by him and became one of the ethnic groups perceived by Saddam as a threat. Consequently, 'darnkness' fell upon them, taking lives of hundreds of thousands, leaving others deeply traumatized. After the fall of the Ba'ath Party to the U.S. troops in March 2003 the Kurds along with most of the Iraqis rejoiced over the end of their sufferings. Excitement, hope and belief in a better future were interlaced with demands for retribution, revenge and fear. Scars of the past were dealt with the measures that Transitional Justice offered, namely retribution, vetting and reparations. This study looks at the impact that Transitional Justice had on the Kurds of Iraq and particularly on their emotions and attitudes.
Download or read book Establishing Post conflict Justice Through U s Occupation written by Naval Postgraduate School and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-08-06 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines post-conflict justice in Iraq following the U.S. invasion, specifically, the legitimacy of the Iraq High Criminal Court and its first deliberation, the Al-Dujail trial of Saddam Hussein. It asks: How can the United States infuse transitional justice through Western forms of judicial procedures into the democratic transition of non- Western nations under U.S. military occupation? The analysis begins with International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg as a model of transformative post-conflict justice. Then it turns to the cloudier legacy of the Tokyo Trials, where the internal contradictions of this approach gathered force in the non-Western context and laid bare the shortcomings of the Nuremberg model. Finally, it examines the Iraqi tribunal, which demonstrated many of the shortcomings of earlier tribunals, to the detriment of the United States and the new Iraqi government. This book does not concern itself with the guilt or innocence of the former Iraqi dictator. The purpose is to better understand how the Coalition Provisional Authority established legal jurisdiction and to review the issues surrounding Saddam's trial. Finally, it suggests judicial processes that could be employed in non-Western cultures to support the transition from an insurgent post-conflict environment to peace.
Download or read book Iraq s De Ba thification written by Aysegul Keskin Zeren and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanisms of transitional justice are used by post-conflict societies emerging from authoritarianism or civil wars as they confront the crimes and injustices of the past. Vetting is one of many transitional justice mechanisms that aim to purify the public sphere of former regime members or of people who lack integrity. Many post-World War II and post-communist European countries endorsed some form of vetting. De-Ba`thification of Iraq is the latest effort that can be investigated under this category. Government officials from the Saddam Hussein government were purged in 2003, and many institutions that represented Ba`th party's brutalities were dissolved under a program that borrowed in part from the de-Nazification program established in Germany after World War II. The process of de-Ba`thification in Iraq provides a unique case study for the vetting literature, not only because it is the latest example, but also because it was initiated and administered by an occupying power whose policies contributed to a countrywide insurgency. Also, the process of de-Ba`thification holds lessons and provides valuable insight into policy-making and implementation for policy makers well beyond Iraqi context. The main questions of this dissertation are: What are the rationales given by U.S. and Iraqi officials for adopting de-Ba`thification? How was it designed and implemented? To what degrees were the rationales incorporated in the design and implementation of de-Ba`thification? In order to answer these questions two different data gathering methods are utilized: archival research and interviews with U.S. officials and Iraqi elites who were actively involved in the decision-making, planning and implementation of de-Ba`thification and Iraqis who suffered under or supported the Ba`th regime. The findings of this dissertation indicate that the main rationales for de-Ba`thification were transforming institutions in order to safeguard the democratic transition, satisfying expectations of the Iraqi public, gaining Iraqi support and trust in U.S. leadership, balancing the interests of Kurds and Shi`is against Sunnis, securing the new regime, preventing a Ba`thist revival, normalization and reconciliation, promoting the 'de-ideologization' of Iraqi society and removing Ba`thist ideology from the social, political and education systems, cleansing the system from corrupt and criminal activities that were tolerated under the Ba`th regime, preventing a revenge campaign against Ba`thists, establishing meritocracy, and comforting the victims of the Ba`th party. Most of these rationales were not considered when designing and implementing the de-Ba`thification program. For instance, the positions and persons who were subjected to de-Ba`thification were identified arbitrarily, there was not enough guidance on how to implement the de-Ba`thification especially at the provincial and ministerial levels, there was a great deal of ignorance about the composition of the Ba`th party and Iraqi culture. The commissions that were responsible for implementing the program were highly politicized, and consequently implementation process was inconsistent and corrupt. All of these problems left Iraq in the midst of broader protected quandaries including sectarianism, extra-judicial killings and governance gap.
Download or read book Societal Reconciliation the Rule of Law and the Iraqi High Tribunal written by William H. Wiley and published by Torkel Opsahl Academic EPublisher. This book was released on 2015-05-29 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Critical Spaces in Transitional Justice written by Arnaud K. Kurze and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1980s, transitional justice mechanisms have been increasingly applied to account for mass atrocities and grave human rights violations throughout the world. Over time, post-conflict justice practices have expanded across continents and state borders and have fueled the creation of new ideas that go beyond traditional notions of amnesty, retribution, and reconciliation. Gathering work from contributors in international law, political science, sociology, and history, New Critical Spaces in Transitional Justice addresses issues of space and time in transitional justice studies. It explains new trends in responses to post-conflict and post-authoritarian nations and offers original empirical research to help define the field for the future.
Download or read book Iraq After ISIS written by Jacob Eriksson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the challenges of creating a secure and stable Iraq in the wake of the military campaign against the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS). Analyzing the impact of the fight against ISIS, the collection provides answers to questions relating to both political and humanitarian considerations in Iraqi post-war recovery. In their analysis, the editors and authors develop policy recommendations for the international and Iraqi political communities. It is essential reading for those interested in politics, international relations, post-war recovery, counter-terrorism, Middle Eastern studies and Iraqi studies scholars.
Download or read book Rule of Law in Iraq Transitional Justice Under Occupation written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, the United States led a Coalition force into Iraq to depose Saddam Hussein's repressive Ba'ath Party regime. Under the provisions of the Hague Regulation of 1907, the Coalition became an occupying power with all of the attendant rights and responsibilities. To administer Iraq during the occupation, the United States and its allies established the Coalition Provisional Authority. The Coalition's responsibilities included establishing the rule of law to replace Saddam Hussein's rule by decree. The key elements of establishing the rule of law were helping Iraq to reestablish its judicial system and deal with its past. Following the war, Iraq's justice system was a complete shambles. The courts were looted and vandalized and the legal codes were corrupted by decades of Saddam Hussein's decrees. Thousands of former regime officials were subject to criminal charges for participating in the Ba'ath Party's brutal acts. To deal with the complex issues involved in restoring the rule of law, the Coalition Provisional Authority and the Iraqi Governing Council looked to concepts of transitional justice developed during the last part of the twentieth century. This monograph compares the Coalition Provisional Authority's application of transitional justice mechanisms to international experts' recommendations. The majority of current thought on transitional justice derives from transitions in former Communist regimes of Eastern Europe, and South Africa after apartheid. As a study of justice under occupation, the paper focuses on transitional mechanisms appropriate to an occupying power. Military planners need guidelines and effective analysis to plan for restoring rule of law in occupations and peace operations. The Coalition Provisional Authority's errors are significant. The administrative justice process of de-Ba'athification disenfranchised tens of thousands Despite these problems, the Coalition Provisional Authority's over.
Download or read book Post conflict Justice written by M. Cherif Bassiouni and published by Brill Nijhoff. This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty scholars and experts discuss and provide wide-ranging views on a variety of accountability measures: the establishment of ad hoc criminal tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda; truth commissions in South Africa and El Salvador; and lustration laws for the former Czechoslovakia and Germany after its reunification. Also discussed are amnesty for previous crimes and accountability, post-conflict justice involving issues pertaining to the restoration of law and order, and the rebuilding of failed national justice systems. In addition, the book also contains an important set of guidelines designed to achieve accountability and eliminate impunity. The guidelines with commentaries have been prepared by a distinguished group of experts, many of whom have also contributed articles to this volume. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.
Download or read book Transitional Justice in Aparadigmatic Contexts written by Tine Destrooper and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-03-23 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the practical and theoretical opportunities as well as the challenges raised by the expansion of transitional justice into new and ‘aparadigmatic’ cases. The book defines transitional justice as the pursuit of accountability, recognition and/or disruption and applies an actor-centric analysis focusing on justice actors’ intentions of and responses to transitional justice. It offers a typology of different transitional justice contexts ranging from societies experiencing ongoing conflict to consolidated democracies, and includes chapters from all types of aparadigmatic contexts. This covers transitional justice in states with contested political authority, shared political authority, and consolidated political authority. The transitional justice initiatives explored by the wide range of contributors are those of Afghanistan, Belgium, France, Greenland/Denmark, Libya, Syria, Turkey/Kurdistan, UK/Iraq, US, and Yemen. Through these aparadigmatic case studies, the book develops a new framework that, appropriate to its expanding reach, allows us to understand the practice of transitional justice in a more context-sensitive, bottom-up, and actor-oriented way, which leaves room for the complexity and messiness of interventions on the ground. The book will appeal to scholars and practitioners in the broad field of transitional justice, as represented in law, criminology, politics, conflict studies and human rights. The Introduction, Chapter 8 and the Concluding Remarks of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Download or read book After Saddam written by Nora Bensahel and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2008-07-15 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph examines prewar planning efforts for the reconstruction of postwar Iraq. It then examines the role of U.S. military forces after major combat officially ended on May 1, 2003, through June 2004. Finally, it examines civilian efforts at reconstruction, focusing on the activities of the Coalition Provisional Authority and its efforts to rebuild structures of governance, security forces, economic policy, and essential services.
Download or read book Restoring the Rule of Law in Post war Iraq written by Richard O. Hatch and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Post Conflict Justice in Iraq written by Zakia Afrin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Post-Conflict Iraq, justice meant holding the previous Iraqi government liable for its thirty five years' of atrocities against Iraqi citizens and reconstructing the judicial system while introducing the notion of an independent judiciary. In this article, I analyze the Iraqi Transitional Authority's approach and initiative regarding Post-Conflict justice in Iraq. Describing the actions of the authority, I seek to answer three questions: first did the statute of special tribunal meet international standards? Second, did the trial of Saddam Hussein serve to satisfy the goals of Post-Conflict justice? Third, did the Transitional Authority's actions associated with reconstructing the justice system comply with its mandate under International Law?
Download or read book United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice written by Zachary D. Kaufman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics, Zachary D. Kaufman explores the U.S. government's support for, or opposition to, certain transitional justice institutions. By first presenting an overview of possible responses to atrocities (such as war crimes tribunals) and then analyzing six historical case studies, Kaufman evaluates why and how the United States has pursued particular transitional justice options since World War II. This book challenges the "legalist" paradigm, which postulates that liberal states pursue war crimes tribunals because their decision-makers hold a principled commitment to the rule of law. Kaufman develops an alternative theory-"prudentialism"-which contends that any state (liberal or illiberal) may support bona fide war crimes tribunals. More generally, prudentialism proposes that states pursue transitional justice options, not out of strict adherence to certain principles, but as a result of a case-specific balancing of politics, pragmatics, and normative beliefs. Kaufman tests these two competing theories through the U.S. experience in six contexts: Germany and Japan after World War II, the 1988 bombing of Pan Am flight 103, the 1990-1991 Iraqi offenses against Kuwaitis, the atrocities in the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s, and the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Kaufman demonstrates that political and pragmatic factors featured as or more prominently in U.S. transitional justice policy than did U.S. government officials' normative beliefs. Kaufman thus concludes that, at least for the United States, prudentialism is superior to legalism as an explanatory theory in transitional justice policymaking.
Download or read book Iraq written by Kenneth Katzman and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-12 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overall frequency of violence in Iraq is down to levels not seen since 2003, yet insurgents are still able to conduct high profile attacks in several major cities. These attacks have not caused a modification of the announcement by Pres. Obama that all U.S. combat brigades would be withdrawn by 8/31/10. Contents of this report: (1) Policy in the 1990s Emphasized Containment; (2) Post-9/11: Regime Change and War; (3) Post-Saddam Transition and Governance; (4) Econ. Reconstruction and U.S. Assistance; (5) Security Challenges and Responses; (6) Iraq Study Group Report, Legis. Proposals, and Options for the Obama Admin.; (7) Stepped Up Internat. and Regional Diplomacy; (8) Reorg. the Political Structure, and ¿Federalism; (9) Econ. Measures. Map.
