Download or read book Transformation of Tissue Culture Cells by SV 40 Viruses written by Jørgen Fogh and published by Ardent Media. This book was released on 1973 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SV40 Protocols written by Leda Raptis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simian virus 40 gained notoriety in the 1960s because it was found to be a contaminant of polio and adenovirus vaccines that had been administered to millions of healthy individuals worldwide. The public health implications of this revelation provided the initial impetus for an in-depth study of SV40 biology. Later work showed that SV40 DNA sequences as well as infectious virus are in fact found in human tumors and may have contributed to oncog- esis. It also turned out that SV40 uses mostly cellular machinery to carry out many steps in viral infection, which makes it a powerful probe for examining many fundamental questions in eukaryotic molecular biology. SV40 Pro- cols consolidates a number of well-tested step-by-step techniques in one v- ume; experts with hands-on experience in particular methods give detailed accounts of their optimized experimental protocols, so that the beginner, as well as more experienced researchers, may readily overcome problems of ambiguity often present in the literature. As with other DNA tumor viruses, the response of cultured cells to SV40 infection depends upon the species being infected. Monkey cells s- port virus production, which leads to their death, whereas rodent cells p- duce only the early proteins and acquire a transformed phenotype. Thus, SV40 Protocols is organized in two sections. The first relates to assays of the lytic cycle of the virus, and the second deals with transformation.
Download or read book Spontaneous and Virus Induced Transformation in Cell Culture written by Jan Ponten and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A. Definitions of Transformation in vitro When normal tissues or organs are explanted to conditions favoring the growth of cells as individual units ("cell culture"), the original cell population undergoes a large variety of modifications. Only a minority of the cells will thrive and multiply and within a rather short period of time, the complex composition of the original explant is replaced by a much simplified one of only a few recogniz ably different cell types. With most organs fibroblast-like cells survive longest and outgrow other types. This is then a stable state of affairs for many gener ations. This treatise will not discuss whether this simplification and stabilization represents selection of certain pre-existing cell types or a modification of cells into only a few recognizably different categories; for an excellent review see HARRIS. (1964). Table 1. Terminology Employed to Describe Transformations in vitro Type of transformation Essential features Irregular growth Lack of contact inhibition of cell membrane movement ("ruffled membranes") between juxtaposed cells Unrestrained growth Deficient inhibition of the cell cycle (mitosis) in a crowded culture Infinite growth Capacity of cells to undergo an infinite number of di visions (formation of established cell lines) Cells may depart from this typical behavior in numerous ways involving for instance cellular morphology, immunology, chromosomes or metabolism. Such changes have, sometimes rather vaguely, been called "transformations". This is unprecise and the term "transformation" will here be used exclusively to indicate disturbances in cell growth related to neoplasia.
Download or read book SV 40 Viruses written by and published by Ardent Media. This book was released on 1973 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SV 40 Viruses Molecular Structure written by John M. Lehman and published by Ardent Media. This book was released on 1973 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book DNA Tumor Viruses written by Blossom Damania and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book focuses on the DNA viruses in the human population that are associated with cancers. It covers most of the viruses that are thought to contribute to human malignancy. This book represents a comprehensive review of the field of DNA tumor virology. Right now, while there are books out there that cover individual viruses that are also covered in this book, there is no single book that covers this topic comprehensively. This book is the first current, comprehensive review of its kind in the market.
Download or read book Immunization Safety Review written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-12-26 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Immunization Safety Review Committee was established by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to evaluate the evidence on possible causal associations between immunizations and certain adverse outcomes, and to then present conclusions and recommendations. The committee's mandate also includes assessing the broader societal significance of these immunization safety issues. While all the committee members share the view that immunization is generally beneficial, none of them has a vested interest in the specific immunization safety issues that come before the group. The committee reviews three immunization safety review topics each year, addressing each one at a time. In this fifth report in a series, the committee examines the hypothesis that exposure to polio vaccine contaminated with simian virus 40 (SV40), a virus that causes inapparent infection in some monkeys, can cause certain types of cancer.
Download or read book Malignant Transformation by Viruses written by Werner H. Kirsten and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The position of "Cancer Teaching Coordinator" at The University of Chicago has been a consistently rewarding one because of the enthusiasm and support of the faculty and the students. This volume is the result of the second of two recent intensive teach ing sessions which have been planned and implemented by the group which forms the Cancer Coordinator's Advisory Committee. The first of these teaching sessions was held in early March of 1964 and was entitled "LEUKEMIA, A Current and Forward Look. " It attracted overflow attendance from the students and staff of this medical institution augmented by members of the other medical centers in Chicago. It was a stimulating and instructive colloquium, and the only regret we heard expressed afterward was that we had not arranged for publication of the many excellent presentations. One of the events commemorating the seventy-fifth anniversary of the founding of The University of Chicago was this symposium on malignant transformations. This time the Committee advised us to plan on speedy publication, and, logically, it chose Dr. Werner Kirsten, a member of our faculty and an active and effective investigator in this general field of endeavor, to serve as editor of the volume. Again, two of the same ingredients for effective instruction were blended: an excellent group of scientists presenting their latest work and a fine, attentive audience of students and staff.
Download or read book SV40 Protocols written by Leda Raptis and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2000-12-26 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simian virus 40 gained notoriety in the 1960s because it was found to be a contaminant of polio and adenovirus vaccines that had been administered to millions of healthy individuals worldwide. The public health implications of this revelation provided the initial impetus for an in-depth study of SV40 biology. Later work showed that SV40 DNA sequences as well as infectious virus are in fact found in human tumors and may have contributed to oncog- esis. It also turned out that SV40 uses mostly cellular machinery to carry out many steps in viral infection, which makes it a powerful probe for examining many fundamental questions in eukaryotic molecular biology. SV40 Pro- cols consolidates a number of well-tested step-by-step techniques in one v- ume; experts with hands-on experience in particular methods give detailed accounts of their optimized experimental protocols, so that the beginner, as well as more experienced researchers, may readily overcome problems of ambiguity often present in the literature. As with other DNA tumor viruses, the response of cultured cells to SV40 infection depends upon the species being infected. Monkey cells s- port virus production, which leads to their death, whereas rodent cells p- duce only the early proteins and acquire a transformed phenotype. Thus, SV40 Protocols is organized in two sections. The first relates to assays of the lytic cycle of the virus, and the second deals with transformation.
Download or read book Viral Transformation and Endogenous Viruses written by Albert Kaplan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viral Transformation and Endogenous Viruses is a collection of papers presented at the symposium on ""Viral Transformation and Endogenous Viruses"" held at Vanderbilt University on April 1-2, 1974. Contributors discuss the viral function(s) responsible for the transformation of the cells that are infected with oncogenic viruses, emphasizing the type of changes that characterize transformed cells and the regulatory mechanisms that are altered after malignant transformations. This volume is organized into 10 chapters and begins with an overview of DNA-containing tumor viruses, particularly Simian Virus 40 (SV40) and its mutants with DNA deletions, insertions, and duplications. The integration and transcription of adenovirus DNA is considered, along with the characteristics of temperature-sensitive mutants of these viruses. The reader is then introduced to the chemistry and biology of RNA-containing tumor viruses, which are useful reagents to study neoplastic transformation both in vivo and in vitro. A major aspect of these viruses concerns the analysis of their genome at the chemical and genetic levels. The last part of the book is devoted to biochemical and genetic analyses of endogenous viruses isolated from avian cells. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and investigators in fields such as pathology, molecular virology, molecular biology, microbiology, oncology, and biochemistry.
Download or read book Viruses Cell Transformation and Cancer written by Roger J. A. Grand and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-04-20 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses are the agent responsible for perhaps up to one million cases of cancer worldwide each year. Significantly, the study of viruses has also provided important clues to the causes and development of the most common human cancers. This volume presents an account of those viruses which have been directly associated with common human malignancies such as human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical carcinoma, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Burkitt's lymphoma. In addition, the biology and biochemistry of those viruses which have been shown to be capable of transforming cells in culture are described in detail. Thus adenovirus are discussed, as are the other small DNA tumour viruses - Simian virus 40 (SV40) and polyoma virus. Consideration has also been given to human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), amongst others. General themes such as the host's immune response to viral infection, virally-induced apoptosis and the use of viruses as a delivery system in gene therapy have been discussed. Individual chapters have been written by an international group of experts in their own field of research.
Download or read book Adeno Associated Virus AAV Vectors in Gene Therapy written by Kenneth I. Berns and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human gene therapy holds great promise for the cure of many genetic diseases. In order to achieve such a cure there are two requirements. First, the affected gene must be cloned, its se quence determined and its regulation adequately characterized. Second, a suitable vector for the delivery of a good copy of the affected gene must be available. For a vector to be of use several attributes are highly desirable: these include ability to carry the intact gene (although this may be either the genomic or the cDNA form) in a stable form, ability to introduce the gene into the desired cell type, ability to express the introduced gene in an appropriately regulated manner for an extended period of time, and a lack of toxicity for the recipient. Also of concern is the frequency of cell transformation and, in some cases, the ability to introduce the gene into nondividing stem cells. Sev eral animal viruses have been tested as potential vectors, but none has proven to have all the desired properties described above. For example, retroviruses are difficult to propagate in sufficient titers, do not integrate into nondividing cells, and are of concern because of their oncogenic properties in some hosts and because they integrate at many sites in the genome and, thus, are potentially insertional mutagens. Additionally, genes introduced by retroviral vectors are frequently expressed for relatively short periods of time. A second virus used as a vector in model systems has been adenovirus (Ad).
Download or read book Concepts in Viral Pathogenesis written by A. L. Notkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current proliferation of scientific information makes it difficult for even the most diligent reader to keep up with the latest developments in his/her own field, let alone other areas of interest. Review articles are one solution, but they too have become so voluminous and detailed that they often defeat the purpose for which they were intended. We have attempted to ease this problem by using a different format. In this volume on Concepts in Viral Pathogenesis, we have assembled a series of mini-reviews/editorials, 1,000 to 2,000 words in length. Each is a pithy distil lation of the state-of-the-art with emphasis on current thinking and unifying concepts rather than a compendium of the literature. The 53 articles, all written by active workers in their respective fields, are organized systemati cally so that the book will provide busy investigators, teachers and students of up-to-date information in a very brief and easily read a conceptual core able form. In addition, the authors have attempted to identify unresolved problems and point to future directions.
Download or read book Cellular Transforming Genes written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Virus and the Vaccine written by Debbie Bookchin and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2013-07-02 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jonas Salk's polio vaccine has taken on an almost legendary quality as a medical miracle, for it largely eradicated one of the most feared diseases of the 20th century. But the story of the vaccine has a dark side, one that has never been fully told before... Between 1954 and 1963, close to 98 million Americans received polio vaccinations contaminated with a carcinogenic monkey virus, now known as SV40. A concerted government effort downplayed the incident, and it was generally accepted that although oncogenic to laboratory animals, SV40 was harmless to humans. But now SV40 in showing up in human cancers, and prominent researchers are demanding a serious public health response to this forgotten polio vaccine contaminant. A gripping medical detective story, The Virus and the Vaccine raises major questions about vaccine policy.
Download or read book Transforming Proteins of DNA Tumor Viruses written by Rolf Knippers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is surprising, and even disappointing, that there have been very few meetings and published volumes resulting from these meetings that focus attention upon all of the groups of DNA tumor viruses. Historically, separate meetings were held each year for the adenovirus-SV40-polyoma researchers, the herpes viruses, hepatitis B virus and the papillomaviruses. It was as if these four virus groups were four fields of study developing independently with a literature and culture of their own. When a virologist crossed the field from the adenovirus group to the herpesvirus or papillomaviruses, he or she was lost to their former group because of the structure of separate meetings and remote literature. This, of course, has resulted from historical accident and is being rectified by the rapid progress made in our understanding of how these viruses contribute to the causation of cancer in animals and humans. It was pre cisely because of these factors that it was time to hold a meeting and publish its proceedings on the subject of transforming proteins of DNA tumor viruses. For the first time, DNA tumor viruses were defined as all of the virus groups that can contribute to cancer in animals with the exception, unfortunately, of the . poxviruses. The purpose of the meeting was to bring together scientists who rarely attend meetings together but actually work on the same problems with different viruses.
Download or read book SV40 Protocols Methods in Molecular Biology written by Leda Raptis and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A panel of highly experienced investigators describe in step-by-step fashion key techniques for experimentally detecting SV40 in human tumors, for exploiting its use in human gene therapy, and for studying its replication and its mechanisms of neoplastic transformation. Included are methods for growing SV40 and related viruses in tissue culture, for in vivo and in vitro replication and transcription of SV40 DNA, for the use of retroviral vectors to express SV40 tumor antigens in cultured cells, and the use of transgenic mouse models based on the SV40 large T antigen. Detailed and highly practical, "SV40 Protocols" offers both clinical and basic researchers powerful, well-tested tools for research on SV40 replication and neoplastic transformation, as well as techniques for its detection in human tumors and for creating and using powerful new gene therapy vectors.
