Download or read book Transformaciones en el empleo Desempleo precariedad y flexibilidad laboral written by Marta Torre Marqués and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: En este trabajo se presenta un estudio de las transformaciones que se han producido en el entorno laboral a partir de la época postfordista, situada en torno a los años setenta, y las consecuencias que ello ha traído hasta la actualidad. Se trata de una etapa fundamentalmente caracterizada por pésimas condiciones de trabajo, traducidas en inseguridad e indefensión para los trabajadores, lo que recibe el nombre de precariedad laboral. Otro aspecto destacable y que consideramos estrechamente relacionado con la precariedad, es la flexibilidad laboral, la cual puede entenderse como falta de control de los trabajadores sobres sus puestos de trabajo e incertidumbre sobre su situación y futuro laboral. La precariedad laboral se manifiesta como una realidad permanente propia del mercado laboral, en el que las empresas tienen como objetivos primordiales el aumento de su productividad y el abaratamiento de sus costes, al igual que la imposición de disciplina, lo que afecta principalmente a jóvenes, mujeres e inmigrantes. Todos estos aspectos se ven reflejados en la actualidad, sobre todo en lo que respecta al desempleo y los contratos temporales, pudiendo destacar también los bajos salarios o el reducido tiempo de permanencia en los empleos.
Download or read book La incidencia del cambio tecnol gico en el mercado de trabajo la precariedad laboral written by Tomás Gutiérrez Barbarrusa and published by Editorial Dykinson, S.L.. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Este libro trata sobre la incidencia del cambio tecnológico en las transformaciones estructurales del mercado de trabajo y, en concreto, sobre la proliferación de un fenómeno relativamente novedoso como es la precariedad laboral. Tras su contextualización en el marco teórico, desarrollado bajo los supuestos de la teoría de las ondas largas y la teoría de la regulación, se argumenta que la expansión de la precariedad laboral es consecuencia de la reorganización del proceso productivo impulsado por las empresas y de las políticas neoliberales de ajuste y flexibilización efectuadas por los Estados como respuesta a la crisis de las economías capitalistas de los años 1970 y 80, sugiriendo que a ella el cambio técnico ha contribuido, como instrumento de manera específicamente importante. En base a ello, se plantea, ceteris paribus, la existencia de una relación directa entre las tasas de variación del cambio técnico, medida mediante índices de productividad de Malmquist, y las tasas de variación de la precariedad laboral. Dicho supuesto se concreta en el caso de España, circunscribiendo el campo de estudio a sus comunidades autónomas para el período comprendido entre 1987 y 2004, que es desde cuando existe información estadística disponible. Constatando, mediante el análisis estadístico, una tendencia marcada de correlación de signo positivo entre ambas variables. Se concluye que tal tendencia obedece a la estrategia de flexibilidad laboral impulsada por las políticas gubernamentales de desregulación del mercado de trabajo.
Download or read book Smarter Homes written by Alexandra Deschamps-Sonsino and published by Apress. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 100 years, the home has been a battleground for ideas of future living. Fueled by the electrification of cities, the move from the country to cities, post-war recovery and the development of the internet, the way we live at home (alone or with others) has changed beyond recognition. Science fiction writing, the entertainment industry, art, and modern interior design and architecture movements have also contributed to defining our aspirations around a future and now more present and possible ‘smart’ home. From the decade-old smart fridge that tells you if you have run out of milk to smart speakers that let you shop hands-free, some visions of the ‘smart’ home are yet to excite us while others are becoming a reality and will shape how we will live at home very soon. This book breaks down the historical, societal and political context for the changes in focus of that ‘smartness’ from affordability, efficiency, convenience to recently experimentation. These key points in time include: The development and marketing of electrical appliances in early 20th century War-time design the impact of military ergonomics Modernist interior design and building practices of the 1920s The space race and new materials of the post-war era Compact urban living in the 1960s & 70s Connected home entertainment in the 1980s-90s Phones and mobility in the 90s Smart energy & utilities in the early 2000s The internet-connected fridge in 2000 Remote care in a global world economy The sharing economy and new ways to shop at home Invisible ‘smart’ design in the home The second half of the book breaks down what current developments tell us about what our homes will look like in the next 10 years through the lens of spaces, services, appliances and behaviours in our homes. What You'll Learn Understand the historical context for current ‘smart home’ products Understand the social context of home product development Understand what in home technologies are being developed Understand what products are currently available Understand what behaviours are being constantly leveraged Understand how this may affect longer term market trends for consumer products Many new and innovative products are being developed in the consumer and industrial spaces with a copy-paste mindset based on following larger businesses such as Amazon, Google and Apple. Many opportunities in the homespace however will come from understanding the history and multiple players that have contributed to the development of the home in general. For everyone working in product design and development, in R&D or in trends research as well as for everyone interested in the IoT for the home, this book will be a valuable resource and an enjoyable read. This book will give product business owners ideas about what has been done before and and avenues for future development.
Download or read book European Employment Models in Flux written by Gerhard Bosch and published by Palgrave MacMillan. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European employment models are under pressure to meet new external challenges and changing internal needs. Nine country chapters, covering the UK, Germany, France, Sweden, Italy, Greece, Spain, Hungary and Austria, reveal that institutional change in production, employment and welfare regimes is producing uneven outcomes. These outcomes are found to depend not only upon the variety of capitalism or welfare regime but also on actors' political will, at national and European level, and the model's specific architecture. Although examples of revitalization affirm the potential for institutional renewal, the prevalence of partial and incoherent reforms is eroding European employment standards. What is at stake here is the future of the European social model. The problem here is not so much the EU social and employment reform agenda but its influence on the organization of product markets and macro economic management where its policies are constraining options for social innovation.
Download or read book The Demographic Dividend written by David Bloom and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.
Download or read book Internal Labor Markets written by Paul Osterman and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1984-01-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original essays in this book discuss the origins and importance of these internal labor markets, providing new insights into their changing power and influence.
Download or read book Doing Triangulation and Mixed Methods written by Uwe Flick and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2018-09-29 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows you not just how to use triangulation as a strategy of quality management, but also how to use it as an approach to designing and doing qualitative research in a more comprehensive way. Flick links triangulation with current debates about using mixed methods, and outlines their potential for extending qualitative research, addressing questions such as how such research can benefit from integrating quantitative (mixed methods), or from working more generally with more than one approach (triangulation).
Download or read book EBOOK Sustaining Change in Universities written by Burton Clark and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2004-09-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ·What can be done to ensure universities are well positioned to meet the challenges of the fast moving world of the 21st century? This is the central question addressed by Burton R. Clark in this significant new volume which greatly extends the case studies and concepts presented in his 1998 book, Creating Entrepreneurial Universities. The new volume draws on case studies of fourteen proactive institutions in the UK, Europe, Australia, Latin America, Africa, and the United States that extend analysis into the early years of the twenty-first century. The cumulative international coverage underpins a more fully developed conceptual framework offering insight into ways of initiating and sustaining change in universities. This new conceptual framework shifts attention from transformation to sustainability rooted in a constructed steady state of change and a collegial approach to entrepreneurialism. It contains key elements necessary for universities to adapt successfully to the modern world. Lessons for reform can be drawn directly from both the individual case studies and the general framework. Overall the book offers a new form of university organization that is more self-reliant and manages to combine change with continuity, traditional academic values with new managerial values. Essential reading for university administrators, faculty members, students and researchers analysing higher education, and educational policymakers worldwide, this book advocates a highly proactive approach to university change and specifies a new basis for university self- reliance. Burton R. Clark is Allan M. Cartter Professor Emeritus of Higher Education and Sociology at the University of California, Los Angeles. During his career, he has taught at five leading US universities: Stanford, Harvard, Berkeley, Yale and UCLA. He has published widely on the nature of university organization and the realistic possibilties of reform, linking research for understanding with research for use.
Download or read book Designing Qualitative Research written by Uwe Flick and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive guide to devising an effective research design, Uwe Flick discusses each stage of the process of designing qualitative research in detail, including formulating a research design, selecting an appropriate strategy, conceptual framework and data source, and collecting and analyzing data.
Download or read book The Dynamics of Labour Market Segmentation written by Frank Wilkinson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dynamics of Labour Market Segmentation is a collection of different papers about the importance of differentiation between groups of workers and the development of employer strategies for controlling the labor process in the market. The book is divided into five parts. Part I discusses the nature of segmentation, duality, the internal labor market, internationalization, and discrimination. Part II tackles the industrial transformation and the evolution of dual labor markets and the paternalism and labor market segmentation theory, and Part III deals with topics such as entrepreneurial strategies of adjustment and internal labor markets; artisan production and economic growth; and outwork and segmented labor markets. Part IV covers the construction of women as second-class workers and the social reproduction and the basic structure of the labor market; Part V explores the labor market segmentation and the business cycle and the relationship between employment and output. The text is recommended for entrepreneurs who wish to understand the labor market as well as social scientists who would like to know the implications of the labor market segmentation not only for the marketplace but also for society as a whole.
Download or read book A Theory of Employment Systems written by David Marsden and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1999-09-16 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Theory of Employment Systems considers why there are such great international differences in the way employment relations are organized within the firm. Taking account of the growing evidence that international diversity persists despite 'globalization', it sets out from the theory of the firm first developed by Coase and Simon, and explains why firms and workers should use the employment relationship as the basis for their economic cooperation. The originality of the employment relationship lies in its flexibility. It gives managers the authority to organize work, but it also establishes limits on employees' obligations. The nature of these limits is fundamental to our understanding of the employment relationship and its international diversity. The author argues that they are provided by four basic types of employment rule. Which one predominates in a given environment is the source of international diversity in employment relations. Drawing upon evidence from the US, Japan, France, Germany, and Britain, the theory is developed to show why such diversity extends deep into key areas of human resource management, such as performance management, incentive pay, and skill development. It also explains why the open-ended employment relationship continues to dominate work despite the growth of market-mediated work relations.
Download or read book Human Scale Development written by Manfred A. Max-Neef and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a people-centred approach to development.
Download or read book Places of Inquiry written by Burton R. Clark and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinguished work by one of America's leading scholars of higher education, Places of Inquiry explores one of the major issues in university education today: the relationship among research, teaching, and study. Based on cross-national research on the university systems of Germany, Britain, France, the United States, and Japan—which was first reported in the edited volume The Research Foundations of Graduate Education (California, 1993)—this book offers in-depth comparative analysis and draws provocative conclusions about the future of the research-teaching-study nexus. With characteristic clarity and vision, Burton R. Clark identifies the main features and limitations of each national system: governmental and industrial dominance in Japan, for example, and England's collegiate form of university. He examines the forces drawing research, teaching, and study apart and those binding them together. Highlighting the fruitful integration of teaching and research in the American graduate school, Clark decries the widely held view that these are antithetical activities. Rather, he demonstrates that research provides a rich basis for instruction and learning. Universities, he maintains, are places of inquiry, and the future lies with institutions firmly grounded in this belief.
Download or read book Gender Care and Economics written by Jean Gardiner and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a radical critique of mainstream, Marxist and feminist economic theories, ranging from the classical liberal economics of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to the feminist debates about domestic labour and patriarchy in the late twentieth century. It explores the increasing importance of household care relations, especially childcare, in shaping the domestic labour process. Trends in household gender relations and working patterns in Britain are explored in the context of political ideas and policies regarding the state, the economy, gender and care.
Download or read book Making Work More Equal written by Damian Grimshaw and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tribute to the highly influential contributions of Jill Rubery, this book proposes a 'new labour market segmentation approach' for the investigation of issues of job quality, employment inequalities and precarious work.
Download or read book The Third Way written by Anthony Giddens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of finding a 'third way' in politics has been widely discussed over recent months - not only in the UK, but in the US, Continental Europe and Latin America. But what is the third way? Supporters of the notion haven't been able to agree, and critics deny the possibility altogether. Anthony Giddens shows that developing a third way is not only a possibility but a necessity in modern politics.
Download or read book Transforming Economies written by José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs and published by . This book was released on 2014-05-05 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book helps connect the dots between economic theory, the role of capabilities, the lessons from history and the practical challenges of design and implementation of industrial policies. In so doing it provides an excellent policy roadmap for anyone interested in the challenge of promoting catch-up growth and productive transformation.
