Download or read book Transcriptional Regulation of Glucose Transporter GLUT4 and Hexokinase II Genes in Skeletal Muscle written by Jared P. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gene Expression of the Insulin responsive Glucose Transporter GLUT4 in Human Skeletal Muscle written by Per Heden Andersen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of GLUT4 Expression in Human Skeletal Muscle written by Sean L. McGee and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing the number of glucose transporters in muscle ameliorates many of the symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes. This thesis identifies mechanisms regulating glucose transporter gene expression, and therefore glucose transporter number, in human skeletal muscle and provides potential targets for the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes.
Download or read book In Vitro Studies of Human Skeletal Muscle written by Juleen R. Zierath and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Glucose Transporter Isoform 4 GLUT4 Expression and Function in Primary and Cultured Skeletal Muscle written by Zidong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the human body and the predominant site for insulin stimulated glucose clearance. This process requires the tissue specific expression and movement of glucose transporter isoform 4 (Glut4) from an intracellular vesicular pool to the cell surface. The perturbation of this process at various levels disrupts cellular glucose utilization and causes pathophysiological defects such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, understanding factors that regulate Glut4 expression and the efficiency of Glut4 translocation in muscle is important. Denervation of rat hindlimb skeletal muscle is a model for insulin resistance, one that is similar to what is seen in humans as a result of spinal cord injury. Glut4 expression in denervated rat muscle is decreased by 80%. Using microarray mRNA profiling, the orphan nuclear receptor, Nur77, was identified as a possible regulator of Glut4 and other genes linked to glucose utilization. This role of Nur77 was confirmed by in vivo knock-down by electroporating Nur77-directed shRNA into skeletal muscle. This resulted in the down regulation of Glut4 and genes involved in glycolysis. Conversely, the ectopic expression of Nur77 in denervated rat muscle "rescued" the expression of Glut4 and the same set of glycolytic genes. These results demonstrate that Nur77 is a mediator of neuromuscular signaling in the control of metabolic genes required for muscle glucose utilization. Following its tissue expression in muscle, Glut4 function requires that it undergoes translocation to the cell surface, a process acutely regulated by exercise (contraction) as well as by insulin. For Glut4 translocation, an in vitro model to study muscle metabolism was generated by ectopic expression of human Glut4 in a skeletal muscle cell line, which allows broader and more facile experimental manipulations than muscle in situ. The signaling pathway for exercise in these cells was mimicked by AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) activation and studied in comparison and in combination with the insulin signaling pathway. A synergistic effect on Glut4 translocation by activation of AMPK plus insulin stimulation was observed in 3 independent experimental approaches, and was attributed to the extended activation of the insulin signaling pathway by AMPK.
Download or read book Insulin Action written by Ashok K. Srivastava and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-05-31 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996 the 75th anniversary of the discovery of insulin was celebrated at the University of Toronto, the scene of that discovery in 1921. This volume was stimulated by the scientific program which was staged at that time and brought together much of the world's best talent to discuss and analyze the most recent developments in our understanding of pancreatic function, insulin secretion, the interaction of insulin with its target tissues, the mechanism of insulin action at the cellular level, and the defects which underlie both Type I (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) and Type II (noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) forms of the disease. We have chosen to focus the present volume on work related to insulin action.
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle GLUT 4 Gene and Protein Regulation written by Yorgos N. Kraniou and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty two, young, healthy individuals participated in three studies aiming to assess the effect of various types of physical activity - acute exercise of moderate intensity and duration, varying intensity, short-term training - on skeletal muscle GLUT-4 gene and protein expression as well as on a range of genes encoding the proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscle.
Download or read book Muscle Metabolism written by Juleen R Zierath and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-02-28 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes research on models comprising intact animal tissues, cell cultures and isolated pancreatic islets is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease as well as the mechanisms responsible for the chronic complications associated with it. Enormous advances in the understanding of the development of diabetes and its prevention hav
Download or read book Facilitative Glucose Transporters written by Gwyn W. Gould and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-03-15 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive text covering the major aspects of the cell and molecular biology of the facilitative glucose transporter family. The text reviews the biology and function of each family member, covers structure-function studies, the regulation of glucose transport by insulin and the consequence of diabetes and insulin resistance, discusses aspects of cellular signalling which control glucose transport, reviews the control of expression and function of GLUT2 in liver and pancreatic beta-cells, and reviews the effects of nutrients on the control of sugar transporter expression.
Download or read book The Regulation of GLUT4 Glucose Transporter Expression in Skeletal Muscle written by P. Darrell Neufer and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulated Expression of the Glut4 Glucose Transporter in Skeletal Muscle written by Jeanne Marie Richardson-Wallace and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reviews of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology written by and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanisms of Insulin Action written by Alan R. Saltiel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 18 million people in the United States have diabetes mellitus, and about 90% of these have the type 2 form of the disease. This book attempts to dissect the complexity of the molecular mechanisms of insulin action with a special emphasis on those features of the system that are subject to alteration in type 2 diabetes and other insulin resistant states. It explores insulin action at the most basic levels, through complex systems.
Download or read book Sports Endocrinology written by F. Lanfranco and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an up-to-date, extensive overview of the effects of physical activity and training on endocrine function. It gives insights into a complex relationship by describing effects with respect to exercise performance, growth, development, and ageing. It includes discussions of the endocrine response depending on exercise mode, intensity, and duration as well as on gender, age, and fitness level. Additionally the book deals with the impact of environmental and psychological factors on endocrine level. A substantial part of Sports Endocrinology is devoted to the 'hot topic' of hormonal doping in sports. The properties of androgens, growth hormone, erythropoietin, and dietary supplements are highlighted. The use and abuse among professional and recreational athletes is discussed and specific methods of detection are presented and explained. All contributors are well-known experts in sports medicine and endocrinology, endocrine physiology, pharmacology, and doping detection, so this book is a must-read for every professional involved in the field.
Download or read book Molecular Nutrition Carbohydrates written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Nutrition: Carbohydrates presents the nutritional and molecular aspects of carbohydrates. As part of the Molecular Nutrition includes sections covering carbohydrate metabolism, carbohydrates in the diet, insulin resistance, dietary sugars, cardiometabolic risk, lipoproteins, low-carbohydrate diets, antioxidants, refined dietary sugars, fats, glucose transporters, glucose sensing, the role of phosphorylation, carbohydrate responsive binding protein, cyclic AMP, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, SIRT1, insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GIP receptor (GIPR) genes rRNA and transcription, and more. In addition, the book addresses emerging fields of molecular biology and presents important discoveries relating to diet and nutritional health. Summarizes molecular nutrition in health as related to carbohydrates Addresses emerging fields of molecular biology and presents important discoveries relating to diet and nutritional health Includes key facts, a mini dictionary of terms and summary points
Download or read book Understanding Insulin and Insulin Resistance written by Anil Gupta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Insulin and Insulin Resistance is written in a simple and clear language illustrated with diagrams that show the complex interplay of various factors in the initiation of insulin resistance. The design is systematic and meticulous, portraying topics in a flow from simple to complex. This resource is intended for a broad audience spanning across biochemistry, medicine, dentistry, academia, physicians, and research scholars. It extends the approach to biochemistry, physiology, metabolism of insulin along with the coverage of pathophysiology of insulin resistance, its effects on the body tissues, and its analysis on insulin resistance syndrome.
Download or read book Obesity and Lipotoxicity written by Ayse Basak Engin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the resultant health consequences and considerable increase in prevalence, obesity has become a major worldwide health problem. “Obesity and Lipotoxicity” is a comprehensive review of the recent researches to provide a better understanding of the lipotoxicity-related mechanisms of obesity and the potential for the development of new treatment strategies. This book overviews the biochemical pathways leading to obesity-related metabolic disorders that occur subsequent to lipotoxicity. Chapters examine the deleterious effects of nutrient excess at molecular level including the cellular and molecular aspects of breast cancer, resistance to leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and interconnection between the circadian clock and metabolic pathways during high-fat feeding. “Lipotoxicity and Obesity” will be a useful resource for clinicians and basic science researchers, such as biochemists, toxicologists, immunologists, nutritionists, adult and pediatric endocrinologists, cardiologists, as well as students who are thought in this field.
