Download or read book Land and Agrarian Reform in Zimbabwe written by Sam Moyo and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2013 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fast Track Land Reform Programme implemented during the 2000s in Zimbabwe represents the only instance of radical redistributive land reforms since the end of the Cold War. It reversed the racially-skewed agrarian structure and discriminatory land tenures inherited from colonial rule. The land reform also radicalised the state towards a nationalist, introverted accumulation strategy, against a broad array of unilateral Western sanctions. Indeed, Zimbabwe's land reform, in its social and political dynamics, must be compared to the leading land reforms of the twentieth century, which include those of Mexico, Russia, China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Cuba and Mozambique. The fact that the Zimbabwe case has not been recognised as vanguard nationalism has much to do with the 'intellectual structural adjustment' which has accompanied neoliberalism and a hostile media campaign. This has entailed dubious theories of ëneopatrimonialismí, which reduce African politics and the state to endemic ëcorruptioní, ëpatronageí, and ëtribalismí while overstating the virtues of neoliberal good governance. Under this racist repertoire, it has been impossible to see class politics, mass mobilisation and resistance, let alone believe that something progressive can occur in Africa. This book comes to a conclusion that the Zimbabwe land reform represents a new form of resistance with distinct and innovative characteristics when compared to other cases of radicalisation, reform and resistance. The process of reform and resistance has entailed the deliberate creation of a tri-modal agrarian structure to accommodate and balance the interests of various domestic classes, the progressive restructuring of labour relations and agrarian markets, the continuing pressures for radical reforms (through the indigenisation of mining and other sectors), and the rise of extensive, albeit relatively weak, producer cooperative structures. The book also highlights some of the resonances between the Zimbabwean land struggles and those on the continent, as well as in the South in general, arguing that there are some convergences and divergences worthy of intellectual attention. The book thus calls for greater endogenous empirical research which overcomes the pre-occupation with failed interpretations of the nature of the state and agency in Africa.

Download or read book Gender and Agrarian Reforms written by Susie Jacobs and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The redistribution of land has profound implications for women and for gender relations; however, gender issues have been marginalised from both theoretical and policy discussions of agrarian reform. This book presents an overview of gender and agrarian reform experiences globally. Jacobs highlights case studies from Latin America, Asia, Africa and eastern Europe and also compares agrarian and land reforms organised along collective lines as well as along individual household lines. This volume will be of interest to scholars in Geography, Women’s Studies, and Economics.

Download or read book Early Trade Unionism written by Malcolm Chase and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once the heartland of British labour history, trade unionism has been marginalised in much recent scholarship. In a critical survey from the earliest times to the nineteenth century, this book argues for its reinstatement. Trade unionism is shown to be both intrinsically important and to provide a window onto the broader historical landscape; the evolution of trade union principles and practices is traced from the seventeenth century to mid-Victorian times. Underpinning this survey is an explanation of labour organisation that reaches back to the fourteenth century. Throughout, the emphasis is on trade union mentality and ideology, rather than on institutional history. There is a critical focus on the politics of gender, on the demarcation of skill and on the role of the state in labour issues. New insight is provided on the long-debated question of trade unions’ contribution to social and political unrest from the era of the French Revolution through to Chartism.

Download or read book The Left Divided written by Sara Watson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some countries construct strong systems of social protection, while others leave workers exposed to market forces? In the past three decades, scholars have developed an extensive literature theorizing how hegemonic social democratic parties working in tandem with a closely-allied trade union movement constructed models of welfare capitalism. Indeed, among the most robust findings of the comparative political economy literature is the claim that the more political resources controlled by the left, the more likely a country is to have a generous, universal system of social protection. The Left Divided takes as its starting point the curious fact that, despite this conventional wisdom, very little of the world actually approximates the conditions identified by mainstream scholarship for creating universal, generous welfare states. In most countries outside of northern Europe, divisions within the left-within the labor movement, among left parties, as well as between left parties and a divided union movement-are a defining feature of politics. The Left Divided, in contrast, focuses on the far more common and deeply consequential situation where intra-left divisions shape the development of social protection. Arguing that the strength and position taken by the far left is an important and overlooked determinant of social protection outcomes, the book presents a framework for distinguishing between different types of left movements, and analyzes how the distribution of resources within the left shapes party strategies for expanding social protection in theoretically unanticipated ways. To demonstrate the counterintuitive effects of having the far-left control significant political resources, Watson combines in-depth case studies of Iberia with cross-national analysis of OECD countries and qualitative comparative analyses of other divided lefts.

Download or read book Brazil A Biography written by Lilia M. Schwarcz and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2018-08-21 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sweeping and absorbing biography of Brazil, from the sixteenth century to the present For many Americans, Brazil is a land of contradictions: vast natural resources and entrenched corruption; extraordinary wealth and grinding poverty; beautiful beaches and violence-torn favelas. Brazil occupies a vivid place in the American imagination, and yet it remains largely unknown. In an extraordinary journey that spans five hundred years, from European colonization to the 2016 Summer Olympics, Lilia M. Schwarcz and Heloisa M. Starling’s Brazil offers a rich, dramatic history of this complex country. The authors not only reconstruct the epic story of the nation but follow the shifting byways of food, art, and popular culture; the plights of minorities; and the ups and downs of economic cycles. Drawing on a range of original scholarship in history, anthropology, political science, and economics, Schwarcz and Starling reveal a long process of unfinished social, political, and economic progress and struggle, a story in which the troubled legacy of the mixing of races and postcolonial political dysfunction persist to this day.

Download or read book The Agrarian Question in South Africa written by Henry Bernstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first collection of its kind. It presents a critical political economy of the agrarian question in post-apartheid South Africa, informed by the results of research undertaken since the transition from apartheid started in 1990. The articles, by well-known South African, British and American scholars, cover a variety of topical theoretical, empirical and policy issues, firmly rooted in an historical perspective.

Download or read book Uncertain Times written by E. Paul Durrenberger and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first-ever collection of labor anthropology from around the world, the contributors to Uncertain Times assert that traditional labor unions have been co-opted by neoliberal policies of corporate capital and have become service organizations rather than drivers of social movements. The current structure of labor unions facilitates corporations’ need for a stable labor force while reducing their power to prevent outsourcing, subcontracting, and other methods of undercutting worker security and union power. Through case studies from Switzerland, Israel, Argentina, Mexico, the United States, Greece, Sweden,Turkey, Brazil and Spain, the authors demonstrate that this process of neutering unions has been uneven across time and space. They also show that the potential exists for renewed union power based on more vociferous and creative collective action. These firsthand accounts—from activist anthropologists in the trenches as union members and staff, as well as academics analyzing policy, law, worker organizing, and community impact—illustrate the many approaches that workers around the world are taking to reclaim their rights in this ever-shifting labor landscape. Uncertain Times is the first book to use this crucial comparative, ethnographic approach for understanding the new rules of the global labor struggle and the power workers have to change those rules. The volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of anthropology, sociology of work, and labor studies; labor union leadership; and others interested in developing innovative methods for organizing working people, fomenting class consciousness, and expanding social movements. Contributors: Alpkan Birelma, Emma Braden, Maria Eugenia de la O, Christopher Kelley, Staffan Löfving, Gadi Nissim, Darcy Pan, Steven Payne, Alicia Reigada, Julia Soul, Manos Spyridakis, Christian Zlolniski

Download or read book Our Own Backyard written by William M. LeoGrande and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this remarkable and engaging book, William LeoGrande offers the first comprehensive history of U.S. foreign policy toward Central America in the waning years of the Cold War. From the overthrow of the Somoza dynasty in Nicaragua and the outbreak of El Salvador's civil war in the late 1970s to the final regional peace settlements negotiated a decade later, he chronicles the dramatic struggles--in Washington and Central America--that shaped the region's destiny. For good or ill, LeoGrande argues, Central America's fate hinged on decisions that were subject to intense struggles among, and within, Congress, the CIA, the Pentagon, the State Department, and the White House--decisions over which Central Americans themselves had little influence. Like the domestic turmoil unleashed by Vietnam, he says, the struggle over Central America was so divisive that it damaged the fabric of democratic politics at home. It inflamed the tug-of-war between Congress and the executive branch over control of foreign policy and ultimately led to the Iran-contra affair, the nation's most serious political crisis since Watergate.

Download or read book The Communist Parties in Power and Agrarian Reforms in India written by P. Eashvaraiah and published by Academic Foundation. This book was released on 1993 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study refers to the states of Kerala and West Bengal, India.

Download or read book Land Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization written by A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-01-24 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A host of internationally eminent scholars are brought together here to explore the structural causes of rural poverty and income inequality, as well as the processes of social exclusion and political subordination encountered by the peasantry and rural workers across a wide range of countries. This volume examines the intersection of politics and economics and provides a critical analysis and framework for the study of neo-liberal land policies in the current phase of globalization. Utilizing new empirical evidence from ten countries, it provides an in-depth analysis of key country studies, a comparative analysis of agrarian reforms and their impact on rural poverty in Africa, Asia, Latin America and transition countries. Presenting an agrarian reform policy embedded in an appropriate development strategy, which is able to significantly reduce and hopefully eliminate rural poverty, this work is a key resource for postgraduate students studying in the areas of development economics, development studies and international political economy.

Download or read book Agrarian Reform in the Philippines written by Jeffrey M. Riedinger and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the capacity of new democratic regimes to promote redistributive agrarian reform, an issue of contemporary concern in countries throughout the world. Agrarian reform is particularly complex and difficult for new democracies because it curtails the power and privileges of influential elements of society. The author analyzes the problems attendant on political liberalization and social and economic reform by examining in detail the formulation and implementation of agrarian reform in the Philippines under the governments of Corazon Aquino and her successor, Fidel Ramos. The book explores how the interaction between state and society shapes reform policy decisions, paying close attention to the role of cultural variables and social organizations. It shows that what is needed for successful agrarian reform is a combination of sustained, forceful leadership from a disciplined, reform-oriented political party and grassroots agitation by peasant organizations.

Download or read book World Trade Union Movement written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Outcomes of post 2000 Fast Track Land Reform in Zimbabwe written by Lionel Cliffe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The struggle over land has been the central issue in Zimbabwe ever since white settlers began to carve out large farms over a century ago. Their monopolisation of the better-watered half of the land was the focus of the African war of liberation war, and was partially modified following Independence in 1980. A dramatic further episode in this history was launched at the start of the last decade with the occupation of many farms by groups of African veterans of the liberation struggle and their supporters, which was then institutionalised by legislation to take over most of the large commercial farms for sub-division. Sustained fieldwork over the intervening years, by teams of scholars and experts, and by individual researchers is now generating an array of evidence-based findings of the outcomes: how land was acquired and disposed of; how it has been used; how far new farmers have carved out new livelihoods and viable new communities; the major political and economic problems they and other stakeholders such as former farm-workers, commercial farmers, and the overall rural society now face. This book will be an essential starting place for analysts, policy-makers, historians and activists seeking to understand what has happened and to spotlight the key issues for the next decade. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Peasant Studies.

Download or read book The United States and the European Trade Union Movement 1944 1951 written by Federico Romero and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study of U.S. postwar policy toward the reconstruction of Europe's trade unions, Romero demonstrates the weaknesses of the American strategy to reshape European societies in the likeness of American social pluralism. Using Italy as a case study, he shows how the U.S. government cooperated with the American Federation of Labor to support friendly anti-Communist unions. Originally published in 1993. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value. "A superb integration of national and international history.--Journal of American History "A fascinating and scholarly study in cold war history, equally expert in both American and Italian history.--International History Review "Must reading for all who seek a more sophisticated understanding of how countries interact, each under the influence of its own political culture.--American Historical Review "[Romero] has provided an excellent synthesis and successfully blended the international and internal, Italian and American facets of a complicated and important story, and done so in a readable and interesting text.--Sidney Tarrow, Cornell University

Download or read book Political Mobilization of the Venezuelan Peasant written by John Duncan Powell and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first part of this pioneering study, John Duncan Powell traces the formation of a successful alliance between the peasant masses, who sought land reform, and a small urban elite, which desperately needed a political power base. Part II is devoted to an empirical structural-functional analysis of the alliance.

Download or read book The Development of Trade Unionism in Great Britain and Germany 1880 1914 written by Wolfgang J. Mommsen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-06-14 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This stimulating collection of essays by distinguished British, American, Australian and German scholars, originally published in 1985, offers a picture of the upsurge of New Unionism and the growth of old unions, and looks at the severe setbacks which occurred in the labour movements of Britain and Germany between the 1880s and the First World War. Labour history is seen from a European perspective and special emphasis is placed on the role of the state in Britain and Germany in its desire to contain and suppress trade union activity by law or force. Insights are provided into the political allegiances of the unions and their members to the parties of the working class and the state.

Download or read book Anti Poverty Land Reform Issues Never Die written by M. Riad El-Ghonemy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can we do to unlock the unrealised potential of the hundreds of millions of rural poor and landless workers? The ever-topical central theme in this collection of essays is the mixed role of government and the institutionally regulated market in tackling rural poverty and land distribution inequality. Drawing on over half a century of M. Riad El-Ghonemy’s academic and field experience in developing countries across Africa, Latin America, the Middle East and South East Asia, this is a comprehensive record of the late-twentieth century study of and struggle against rural inequality, seen through the eyes of one of its foremost observers. Containing a balance of in-depth field studies and El-Ghonemy’s personal observations from 1952 onwards, this volume provides the basis for discussion and debate on a range of developmental issues. Foremost among these is the appropriate approach both to explain the factors underlying developing countries' rural backwardness, and to enable them to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving the incidence of poverty and hunger by 2015. The compelling argument made here is that redistributive land reform, combined with non-farm intensive employment opportunities and investment in education within rural areas are necessary to tackle persistent poverty effectively. Anti-Poverty Land Reform Issues Never Die is essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students learning rural development and institutional and development economics. M.Riad El-Ghonemy is Senior Research Associate at the Department of International Development, University of Oxford and Research Fellow at the Department of Economics, the American University in Cairo, and Emeritus Professor, Ein-Shams University, Cairo. He is the author of several publications, including The Political Economy of Rural Poverty, Routledge (1990).