Download or read book trade remedies and non market economies economic implications of the first US countervailing duty case on china written by Yan Wang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In 2007, the United States Department of Commerce altered a 23-year old policy of not applying the countervailing duty law to non-market economies, and initiated eight countervailing and antidumping duty investigations on Chinese imports. The change brings heated debate on trade remedy policies and issues of non-market economies. This study focuses on the first countervailing duty case on imported coated free sheet paper from China and analyzes the implications of this test case for United States-China bilateral trade, and industrial policies in transitioning market economies. The paper also provides a brief review of the economics of subsidies, World Trade Organization rules on subsides and countervailing measures, and United States countervailing duty laws applied to non-market economies. While recently acceded countries should review their domestic development policies from the perspective of economic efficiency and comply with the World Trade Organization rules, it is also important to further clarify the issues of non-market economies under the multilateral trading system, and pay keen attention to the rules negotiations in the current World Trade Organization Doha Development Round.
Download or read book Trade Remedies and Non Market Economies written by Longyue Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2007, the United States Department of Commerce altered a 23-year old policy of not applying the countervailing duty law to non-market economies, and initiated eight countervailing and antidumping duty investigations on Chinese imports. The change brings heated debate on trade remedy policies and issues of non-market economies. This study focuses on the first countervailing duty case on imported coated free sheet paper from China and analyzes the implications of this test case for United States-China bilateral trade, and industrial policies in transitioning market economies. The paper also provides a brief review of the economics of subsidies, World Trade Organization rules on subsides and countervailing measures, and United States countervailing duty laws applied to non-market economies. While recently acceded countries should review their domestic development policies from the perspective of economic efficiency and comply with the World Trade Organization rules, it is also important to further clarify the issues of non-market economies under the multilateral trading system, and pay keen attention to the rules negotiations in the current World Trade Organization Doha Development Round.
Download or read book Non market Economies in the Global Trading System written by James J. Nedumpara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides one of the most comprehensive and compelling analysis of Non-Market Economies (NMEs) and their treatment under the current world trading system. In particular, it examines the treatment of China as an NME in anti-dumping investigations, especially post-December 2016. Central to this analysis is Section 15 of China’s Protocol of Accession to the WTO, which is the focal point of the controversy between China and other major WTO Members. The book highlights multiple perspectives on the interpretation of Section 15 and the Second Ad Note to Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which form the legal basis for China’s special treatment in anti-dumping proceedings, and provides unique approaches on interpreting the above treaty texts. In addition, the book explores recourses to trade remedy instruments other than anti-dumping to identify and address state-driven market distortions in the case of NMEs. Authored by leading practitioners and scholars, the chapters offer a detailed commentary and rich insights into the diverse approaches and methods used by anti-dumping investigation agencies of leading users. This book serves as an all-inclusive resource for discerning all facets of this issue, magnitude of the consequences, and potential threats to the delicate trading system. It is of particular relevance to economies-in-transition and newly acceding countries to the WTO. This book generates special interest among legal practitioners, exporters, trading firms, think tanks, academicians, policy makers and the entire community engaged in international trade disputes with China.
Download or read book Rationality and Legality of Non market Economy Treatment in Antidumping Law written by Shao Long and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-03 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a comprehensive study of and provides rich insight into non-market economy treatment, including its past, present, and estimated future practices and implications. It explores the introduction of the market and non-market economy dichotomy into international trade law. It traces the origin and development of non-market economy treatment against changing international economic and political background. The book examines this treatment in light of the rationale underlying anti-dumping, reflecting its alleged significance of ensuring fair trade. It in particular investigates the varied non-market economy treatment practices responding concerns of China’s rising as a large state-led economy, analyzing the deviation of NME treatment into an all-in trade tool. The book argues against preconceived bias and unilateral protectionism. It highlights the universal existence of government involvement in the market and proposes objective assessment of its impact on fair trade. Final proposition of the book is depoliticizing trade, reforming comprehensively international trade rules to carefully calibrate different values, including promoting fairness and enhancing global social welfare. It envisages a multi-dimension overhaul of international trade rules to rebalance trade interests, rather than roughly labeling an economy to confer different treatment, the practices of which lead to separation and chaos. The book is of particular relevance and interest to economies-in-transition, and among policy makers, academicians and legal practitioners engaged in trade remedies and trade rules reconstruction.
Download or read book China s Growing Role in World Trade written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In less than three decades, China has grown from playing a negligible role in international trade to being one of the world's largest exporters, a substantial importer of raw materials, intermediate outputs, and other goods, and both a recipient and source of foreign investment. Not surprisingly, China's economic dynamism has generated considerable attention and concern in the United States and beyond. While some analysts have warned of the potential pitfalls of China's rise—the loss of jobs, for example—others have highlighted the benefits of new market and investment opportunities for US firms. Bringing together an expert group of contributors, China's Growing Role in World Trade undertakes an empirical investigation of the effects of China's new status. The essays collected here provide detailed analyses of the microstructure of trade, the macroeconomic implications, sector-level issues, and foreign direct investment. This volume's careful examination of micro data in light of established economic theories clarifies a number of misconceptions, disproves some conventional wisdom, and documents data patterns that enhance our understanding of China's trade and what it may mean to the rest of the world.
Download or read book China U S Trade Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past three decades. Total U.S.- China trade has risen from $5 billion in 1980 to $409 billion in 2008. In 2008, China was the second largest U.S. trading partner, its third largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. About 12% of total U.S. global trade is now with China. According to U.S. data, U.S. firms have invested around $28 billion in China (through 2007), some of which is aimed at the Chinese domestic market, while other investment has gone into export-oriented manufacturing facilities. With a huge population and a rapidly expanding economy, China is a potentially huge market for U.S. exporters. However, bilateral economic relations have become strained over a number of issues, including large and growing U.S. trade deficits with China ($266 billion in 2008), China's failure to fully implement its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments (especially in regards to protection of intellectual property rights), its refusal to adopt a floating currency system, its use of industrial policies (such as subsidies) and other practices deemed unfair and/or harmful to various U.S. economic sectors, and its failure in some cases to ensure that its exported products meet U.S. health and safety standards. Further complicating the bilateral economic relationship is China's large holdings of U.S. debt, such as Treasury securities. In September 2008, China overtook Japan to become the largest foreign holder of such securities. Some analysts welcome China's purchases of U.S. debt securities, which help fund U.S. budget deficits, while others have expressed concerns that growing Chinese holdings of U.S. debt may increase its leverage over the United States.
Download or read book The Use of Alternative Benchmarks in Anti Subsidy Law written by Sophia Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-21 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the debate over the treatment of China in trade remedy investigations, this book focuses exclusively on anti-subsidy law. As such, it brings a long neglected and often underestimated area of international trade law to the fore.Exploring the delicate relations between the WTO, the EU and China, it focuses on the current legal framework for the use of alternative benchmarks in anti-subsidy law and analyses the consequences that arise from its practical application in investigations against China. Scrutinizing recent developments in WTO anti-subsidy law, in particular the adoption of country-specific rules in accession protocols, the book reveals the shortcomings of the current approach and argues for fundamental reforms. Accordingly, the book provides academics and practitioners alike with vital insights into the legal evolution and practical application of alternative benchmark methodologies in the context of WTO and EU anti-subsidy law, while also putting forward a critical analysis of the status quo.
Download or read book Trade in Goods written by Petros C. Mavroidis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Trade in Goods is an authoritative work on international trade by one of the most influential scholars in the field. It provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of every WTO agreement dealing with trade in goods. The focus of the book is on the reasoning behind the various WTO agreements and their provisions, and the manner in which they have been understood in practice. It introduces both the historic as well as the economic rationale for the emergence of the multilateral trading system, before dealing with WTO practice in all areas involving trade in goods. It contests the claim that the international trade agreements themselves represent 'incomplete contracts', realized through interpretation by the WTO and other judicial bodies. The book comprehensively analyses the WTO's case law, and it argues that a more rigorous theoretical approach is needed to ensure a greater coherence in the interpretation of the core provisions regulating trade in goods. This second edition readdresses and moves beyond the discussion of the GATT presented in the first edition to assess in significant detail every trade in goods agreement at the WTO, both multilateral as well as plurilateral. The book is written to be accessible to those new to the field, with an authoritative level of detail and analysis that makes it essential reading for lawyers and economists alike.
Download or read book The Future of Trade Defence Instruments written by Marc Bungenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This EYIEL Special Issue is devoted to the European Union’s Trade Defence Instruments (TDIs). The recent legislative changes at the EU level are indicative of global policy trends and legal challenges surrounding trade remedies law. Although TDI measures have always been a fiercely debated topic in international economic law, they have received increased attention in recent years. This book offers a comprehensive and insightful legal analysis of the recent legislative changes at the EU level and investigates TDIs in the context of regional trade relationships, including the United Kingdom in post-Brexit times. Beyond the EU, it examines the national trade defence law frameworks of important trading partners such as Switzerland, the United States, China and Vietnam.The selected contributions in this edited volume examine the recent trends in trade defence law from a legal and practical perspective and offer analytical insights from EU officials, legal practitioners and leading academics. A unique collection of essays in a changed global framework, this EYIEL Special Issue provides an up-to-date overview of the state of play of trade defence in the EU and around the globe.
Download or read book Subsidies to Chinese Industry written by Usha C.V. Haley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did China move so swiftly in capital-intensive industries without labor-cost or scale advantage from bit player to the largest manufacturer and exporter in the world? This book argues that subsidies contributed significantly to China's success. Industrial subsidies in key Chinese manufacturing industries may exceed thirty percent of industrial output. Economic theories have mostly portrayed subsidies as distortive, inefficiently reallocating resources according to non-market criteria. However, China's state-capitalist regime uses subsidies to promote the governments' and the Communist Party of China's interests. Rather than aberrations, subsidies help Chinese businesses and governments produce, stabilize and create common understandings of markets; the flows of capital reflect struggles between critical Chinese actors including central and provincial governments. Concepts of state capitalism including market-transition theory, the multi-organizational Chinese state, and state as paramount shareholder, create complex and relevant understandings of Chinese subsidies. The authors develop independent measures of industrial subsidies using publicly-reported data at firm and industry levels from governmental and private sources. Subsidies include free to low-cost loans, subsidies to energy (coal, electricity, natural gas, heavy oil) and to key inputs, land and technology. Four sequential studies identify the growth of subsidies to Chinese manufacturing over time and effects on world industry: steel (2000-2007), glass (2004-2008), paper (2002-2009) and auto parts (2001-2011). Subsidies to Chinese industry affect and are affected by business strategy and trade policy. Business strategies include lobbying for subsidies and for protection from subsidized foreign competitors and managing supply chains to guard against whiplash effects of uncoordinated subsidies. The subsidized solar industry highlights how global business strategies and decisions on production location and technology development respond to production or consumption subsidies and include market (competitive) and non-market (political) strategies. The book also covers government policies and regulation on subsidies broadly focusing on domestic consumption (antidumping and countervailing duties) and domestic production (indigenous innovation).
Download or read book Transforming the Chinese Economy written by Fang Cai and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010-05-31 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transforming the Chinese Economy is a translated collection of articles providing a look at how scholars in China have been assessing their country's recent economic history, and as such, does not simply provide information for the direct study of economic issues, but also for meta-level analysis of the interplay of China's policy, scholarship, and economy.
Download or read book China and the WTO written by Petros C. Mavroidis and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "China's accession to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2001 was hailed as the natural conclusion of a long march that started with the reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping in the 1970s. However, China's participation in the WTO since joining has been anything but smooth, and its self-proclaimed "socialist market economy" system has alienated many of its global trading partners - as recent tensions with the United States exemplify. Prevailing diplomatic attitudes tend to focus on two diametrically opposing approaches to dealing with the emerging problems: the first is to demand that China completely overhaul its economic regime; the second is to stay idle and accept that the WTO must accommodate different economic regimes, no matter how idiosyncratic and incompatible. In this book, Mavroidis and Sapir propose a third approach. They point out that, while the WTO (as well as its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [GATT]) has previously managed the accession of socialist countries or of big trading nations, it has never before dealt with a country as large or as powerful as China. Therefore, in order to simultaneously uphold its core principles and accommodate China's unique geopolitical position, the authors argue that the WTO needs to translate some of its implicit legal understanding into explicit treaty language. Focusing on two core complaints - that Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) benefit from unfair trade advantages, and that domestic companies (both private as well as SOEs) impose forced technology transfer on foreign companies as a condition for accessing the Chinese market - they lay out their specific proposals for successful legislative amendment"--.
Download or read book US Trade Policy China and the World Trade Organisation written by Nerina Boschiero and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-06-05 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last few years have been "anni horribiles" for in International Economic Law in general and in particular for the World Trade Organization, since its inception in 1995 the guarantor of the world multilateral trade system. The increasing trade tensions, a high level of US security tariffs on steel and aluminium, the US boycott of the WTO Appellate Body, the US-China "trade war" and the reasons underlining it, only aggravated a disastrous world-wide economic situation at a time of tremendous global health and societal emergency, due to the persistent devastating spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The book critically discusses the most salient past US administration’s unilateralist and protectionist practices. At the same time investigating the new Biden Administration’s trade approaches in order to assess whether the precedent trade trajectory is likely to continue, or there is hope of reviving the US commitment to the rule-based multilateral trading system. The book’s goal consists in distilling from current legal events the reasoning that might help the next generations in obtaining what the world needs most. These are a conscious and voluntary return to multilateralism, the search of new forms of effective global cooperation, better trade policies, a more equitable globalization, sound legal arguments, and solid economic reasons to combat rising nationalisms. If enacted, these elements hopefully would contribute to defeat new risks of political conflicts and long-lasting "trade wars". The book will be helpful to students and scholars in international and trade law, political science, and also professionals working in international and EU institutions.
Download or read book Hearing on H R 1229 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Trade and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade Remedies and the WTO Negotiations written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Crisis and Rule Reconstruction written by Deming Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2008 global economic crisis resulted in many new changes in global economic governance, multilateral trading system, the Group20 major economies, regional economic cooperation and other international governance platforms. Countries around the world have begun a complex battle to make sure rules are changed in their favor. Furthermore, rule reconstruction has a definite and profound impact on the international economic situation and national trade interests. This book by Former Chinese Minister of Commerce Chen Deming, aims to highlight the focal issues of the competition and negotiations with a panoramic depiction of the complicated state of international economic and trade rule reconstruction. The chapters in the book discuss rules of global governance, reflect on the crisis rarely seen in the past century, and raise the proposition of rule reconstruction. They also focus on multilateral trading system, regional economic cooperation and related international financial rules. Detailed deliberations on various kinds of trade rules including rules of services trade, government procurement, intellectual property, investment, international development cooperation, etc are also dealt with. Lastly, the book provides an outlook on the path, direction and key issues of international economic rule reconstruction, and offers recommendations on China's engagement.
Download or read book Legislation Related to Trade with China written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Trade and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
