Download or read book Trade in Sangam Age written by Durai Ilamurugu and published by . This book was released on 2020-02-15 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tamilnadu had a unique civilization unique in the sense, it was the most most chaotically recorded civlisationin the history of whole India. For a very long time the tiny tail like part of the Indian subcontinent was about of bounds for most of the invaders beyond the Vindhya -Sathpura hill ranges. This hill range cuts the Indian subcontinent into two Uththarapada ( Northern part )and Dakshinapada ( southern part) except for a linear vertical strip of land in the west and east along the coastline.EPI LOGUETo conclude, a few words about the ancient golden periods in general and Tamilagam in particular. .we must remember that we have painted a too rosy and rich picture about the Sangam age. . These are all mainly from the poetry of the Sangam age. Poetry, Sangam or not, by its very nature are sweet images created with the winged words. So, we cannot be certain and everything told is hundred percent true. No, definitely not. The poets however lofty they may be and their ideas may be are men made of blood and flesh and bones. More bones than flesh, may be. And they served in the court of the mighty kings. Except very few poets like Thiruvalluvar most of them were attached to a king or other . So, they cannot be too truthful about the king and his kingdom. The trade, culture poetry are all very well but how many of the common people can be aware of them. Were they educated enough to appreciate the nuances of the Sangam poetry. So far there has been no concrete proof about the education level of common people. But the latest archaeological excavation at Keeladi has produced Tamil-Brahmi letters as part of inscriptions are found engraved on the shoulder portions of the earthen vessels. In general, these letters were inscribed when the pot is in leather condition or were inscribed /engraved after the pot became dry. The letters engraved in leather condition could be made only by the potters at the time of making pots. In the case of Keeladi examples, they were all post-firing in nature and were engraved by the owners after purchasing the pots. The representation of different styles of writing also suggests this view. It clearly suggests that the high literacy level of the contemporary society that survived in 6th century BC.But it needs to be proved beyond any reasonable doubt. There must have been a huge section of population which has suffered silently to produce so much of wealth for the consumption of few. Sangam is definitely not a proto communistic state where everybody owned everything. The same Sangam poetry has poems s of utter poverty and misery for the poets and of course the common people, ONE Sangam poet PIsiranthaiyaar goes in search of food to the south of Tamilnadu but could not find any thing to live upon . in the cold night out in the streets he is reinded of his wife who will be eagerly waiting for him. So he wants to send some message to her through the cranes which are flying from south to north he addresses them as follows ." oh ! cranes, cranes with red color beak and legs, as you fly from south to north if you meet my wife tell her that I am still alive struggling to keep myself warm ( and hence alive ) by covering the body with my limbs. . The intended meaning of the poem is that that poet is in extreme misery and in the cold nights has nothing to cover that will keep him warm . So, my dear wife don't expect me to bring anything for you " such poets were suffering in life to make both ends meet. Inspite of the hoards of Roman gold coins unearthed, and bundles of muslin cloth exported to the pleasure of Rome and Greek, and tons of sandal and pepper to make the plates of west tingle with taste, these poor people go with out a square meal a day and decent cloth cover the shy.
Download or read book Economic History of India written by N. Jayapalan and published by Atlantic Publishers & Dist. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a proper understanding of India s economy as we find today with its fast development, a study of its past economic conditions is necessary. India s economic history spans nearly 5000 years and dates back to Indus Valley Civilisation the two prominent cities of which Mohanjodaro and Harappa were big industrial centres having trade relations with West Asia and other parts of the world. Several sources provide us valuable information about the economic condition of the people of India at various stages of history. From Vedic literature we get a detailed description of the economic life of the Aryans. The Buddhist literature, particularly Jatakas and Tripitaka give us a glimpse of the economic condition of India from 650 to 321 B.C. when every village was a self-sufficient unit. Kautilya s Arthasastra, Magasthenes Indica and Vishakhadatta s Mudrarakshasa give detailed description of the economic systems of the Mauryan period. The accounts of Chinese travellers Fa-hien and It-sing are remarkable evidences of the socio-economic life in Gupta period. Historians like Manucci tell us about the economic reforms undertaken during Mughal rule in India. The British who carved out their empire in India in the 17th century, drained India of its wealth, destroyed the self-sufficient character of villages, increased agricultural indebtedness, and gave rise to a capitalist class in India with the growth of new urban centres. After the achievement of independence in 1947 started the process of nation-building through economic planning. With the liberalisation of Indian economy in the 1990s, the country has been put on a high growth path and is making fast economic progress. The book captures the salient features of India s economic history in chronological order. It will fulfil the needs of students and teachers of this subject and prove immensely useful to the aspirants of Civil Services and other competitive examinations.
Download or read book Transitions History Civics ICSE Class 9 written by Sheila Bhattacharya, Monica Bose and published by Vikas Publishing House. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transitions 9–10 is our completely revised and updated edition mapped to CISCE Curriculum for History and Civics. A plethora of beautiful photographs, images, timelines, maps and stories have been incorporated to help learners learn in an organised manner. Comprising exciting visuals and new features, the series aims to make the study of the past and present a joyous learning experience for middle school learners. In Focus: encapsulates the area of study in each chapter Timelines: help place historical events in a proper chronological sequence Move Forward: introduces the topic and probes prior knowledge Add On: contains additional information and facts Connecting Bridges: indicates parallel historical developments in other parts of the world Time to Think: poses thought-provoking questions Glossary: enhances the vocabulary of the learners Picture Study: reinforces learning and improves retention Webcharts: gives a short summary of the chapter Web Links: enable further exploration of topics Root of the Word: explains the origin of key concepts in Civics Model Test Papers: two test papers help in assessment Double Spreads: attractive infographics based on specific concepts Comics by Amar Chitra Katha to shed more light on the concepts taught
Download or read book The World of the Tamil Merchant written by Kanakalatha Mukund and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did the Tamil merchant become India's first link to the outside world? The tale of the Tamil merchant is a fascinating story of the adventure of commerce in the ancient and early medieval periods in India. The early medieval period saw an economic structure dominated by the rise of powerful Tamil empires under the Pallava and Chola dynasties. This book marks the many significant ways in which the Tamil merchants impacted the political and economic development of south India.
Download or read book written by and published by Arihant Publications India limited. This book was released on with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade And Trade Routes In Ancient India written by Moti Chandra and published by Abhinav Publications. This book was released on with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indian History written by and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on with total page 1418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Trading World of the Tamil Merchant written by Kanakalatha Mukund and published by Orient Blackswan. This book was released on 1999 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the changes in the trading world of the Tamil merchants in the southern Coromandel region, with the arrival of European trading companies and the concomitant creation of European port enclaves and the rapid expansion of demand for Coromandel cotton textiles. The author uses impressive range of original sources literary, inscriptional and archival to cover a long period of history (beginning with the maritime trade in the Sangam period) to argue that the merchants evolved over the centuries into a distinct class of merchant capitalists with a conscious perception of their identity as an economic and social class.
Download or read book UGC NET JRF SET History Papers II and III written by Vikas Experts and published by Vikas Publishing House. This book was released on with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test Prep for UGC-NET/JRF/SET History
Download or read book Perspectives in Indian History written by M. Jankiraman Ph.D. and published by Notion Press. This book was released on 2020-11-03 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perspectives in Indian History deals with the history of India from 10,000 BC until 1857 AD. It delves into the story of the Indus-Saraswati civilization and the development of the Vedas. Such a book has been written for the first time, wherein India’s history has been analyzed from the early Hindu period. Hitherto most history books have emphasized the Muslim period or the British period. These have been written by Muslim historians or European colonists, which was often skewed by their fundamental bias that no civilization could equal their own. During this retelling, the author covers the interesting aspects of each age starting with the Ramayana. He then examines hotly debated issues like whether Alexander the Great won or lost in India. The author carries out an analysis of the causes of the conquest of India by the Muslims. The author analyses detailed battleplans of major battles, which affected India’s history, like Panipat, Plassey, and many others, and discusses the weaponry and tactics used in these wars.
Download or read book A Catalogue of the Sangam Age Pandya and Chola Coins in the National Museum Colombo Sri Lanka written by National Museum of Colombo (Sri Lanka) and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CUET PG History Practice Question Bank Book 3000 Question Answer As Per Updated Syllabus written by and published by DIWAKAR EDUCATION HUB. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CUET-PG History Question Bank 3000+ Chapter wise question With Explanations As per Updated Syllabus [ cover all 4 Chapters] Highlights of CUET-PG History Question Bank- 3000+ Questions Answer [MCQ] 750 MCQ of Each Chapter [Unit wise] As Per the Updated Syllabus Include Most Expected MCQ as per Paper Pattern/Exam Pattern All Questions Design by Expert Faculties & JRF Holder
Download or read book The Indo Roman Pepper Trade and the Muziris Papyrus written by Federico De Romanis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a systematic and fresh interpretation of a mid-second-century AD papyrus - the so-called Muziris papyrus - which preserves on its two sides fragments of a unique pair of documents: on one side, a loan agreement to finance a commercial enterprise to South India and, on the other, an assessment of the fiscal value of a South Indian cargo imported on a ship named the Hermapollon. The two texts, whose informative potential has long been underexploited, clarify several aspects of the early Roman Empire's trade with South India, including transport logistics, financial and legal elements in the loan agreement funding the commercial enterprise, the trade goods included in the South Indian cargo, and the technicalities of calculating and collecting Roman customs duties on the Indian imports. This study also considers imperial fiscal policy as it related to the South Indian trade, the overall evolution of Rome's trade relations with South India, the structure and organization of South Indian trade stakeholders, and the role played by private tax-collectors. The in-depth analysis sheds new light on this important sector of the Roman economy during the first two centuries AD in two innovative ways: through a balanced consideration of South Indian sources and data, and by drawing comparisons with the pepper trade from late antiquity, the Middle Ages, and early modernity, resulting in a longue durée perspective on the western trade in South Indian pepper.
Download or read book Merchants of Tamilakam written by Kanakalatha Mukund and published by Penguin Books India. This book was released on 2012 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the relationship between the state, the temple, and society in the region of Tamilakam, and traces the distribution of power among these entities. The book provides an account of the different ports and dominions that existed during that period. It highlights the role played by the different dynasties such as the Cholas and Pallavas in the overall development of international trade. The book paints a picture of the business connections that the Tamil provinces shared with different parts of the world, from Rome to the South East. It further divulges the factors that led to the administrative developments during this period and the pivotal role played by the traders in bolstering the economy in Southern India.
Download or read book Arun Deep s Self Help to ICSE Total History Civics Class 9 2023 24 Edition Based on Latest ICSE Syllabus written by Protima Mander and published by Ravinder Singh and sons. This book was released on with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-Help to I.C.S.E. History & Civics Class 9 has been written keeping in mind the needs of students studying in 10th I.C.S.E. This book has been made in such a way that students will be fully guided to prepare for the exam in the most effective manner, securing higher grades. The purpose of this book is to aid any I.C.S.E. student to achieve the best possible grade in the exam. This book will give you support during the course as well as advice you on revision and preparation for the exam itself. The material is presented in a clear & concise form and there are ample questions for practice. KEY FEATURES Chapter At a glance : It contains the necessary study material well supported by Definitions, Facts, Figures, Flow chart, etc. Solved Questions : The condensed version is followed by Solved Questions and Map based & Picture based questions along with their Answers. This book also includes the Answers to the Questions given in the Textbook of Total History & Civics Class 9. Questions from the previous year Question papers. This book includes Questions and Answers of the previous year asked Questions from I.C.S.E. Board Question Papers. Multiple Choice Questions : It includes some special questions based on the pattern of Olympiad and other competitions to give the students a taste of the questions asked in competitions. To make this book complete in all aspects, Solved Specimen Question Paper- 2023 and 3 Unsolved Model Questions Papers based on the latest exam pattern & Syllabus have also been given. At the end it can be said that Self-Help to I.C.S.E. History & Civics for 10th class has all the material required for examination and will surely guide students to the Way to Success. We are highly thankful to Arundeep's Self-Help Series for giving us such an excellent opportunity to write this book. The role of Arundeep's DTP Unit and Proof Reading team is praise worthy in making of this book.
Download or read book The History Compendium for IAS Prelims General Studies Paper 1 State PSC Exams 3rd Edition written by Disha Experts and published by Disha Publications. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thouroughly Revised & Updated 3rd Edition of the book History Compendium for General Studies CSAT Paper 1 & State PCS provides the MOST UPDATED material for the exam. The USP of the book is that the information is captured in a self-explanatory and easy to remember methodology which comprises of Mind Maps, Infographics, Charts, Tables and latest exam pattern MCQs. The emphasis of the book has been on capturing each and every detail pertaining to the Indian History which is important from the point of view of the exam. The book captures most of the important questions with explanations of the past years of the IAS Prelim exam, CDS, NDA and other competitive exams distributed in the various chapters. The book is divided into 3 parts (Ancient, Medieval & Modern) which are further divided into 32 chapters. Each chapter is followed by 2 levels of exercises with 1500+ Simple MCQs & statement based MCQs.
Download or read book Free Sample Indian History Culture Compendium for IAS Prelims General Studies Paper 1 State PSC Exams 4th Edition written by Disha Experts and published by Disha Publications. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
