Download or read book Trade and Payments Arrangements in Post CMEA Eastern and Central Europe written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suggestions about how trade and payments can be arranged on an interm basis among the countries of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance and the USSR now that the CMEA has collapsed.
Download or read book Trade and Payments Arrangements in Post CMEA Eastern and Central Europa written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Problems of Post CMEA Trade and Payments written by Dariusz K. Rosati and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade and Payments Arrangements for States of the Former USSR written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1992 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early 1992, trade among the 15 state of the former USSR had declined dramatically, and trade relations were in disarray. This study discusses the incentives in the interstate trading environment of 1992 that have led to interstate export controls and the decline in interstate trade and proposes solutions that address the incentive problem. The study proposes methods for allowing enterprise-to-enterprise trade after the introduction of new, possibly inconvertible, currencies by independent states. The advantages and disadvantages of a clearing union, and an auction market for rubles in countries with new currencies are discussed. The study explains why enterprises face little competition from imports from outside the former USSR now, but why external import competition may become a serious concern after the introduction of new currencies or convertibility. It evaluates the case for preferential trading arrangements among the 15 states as a transitional device for easing unemployment and elaborates why any differential protection provided should be moderate and transitory.
Download or read book Transitional Arrangements for Trade and Payments Among the CMEA Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1990-09-01 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade among the CMEA countries will soon be conducted at world prices and in convertible currencies. These are crucial steps in economic reform but will worsen Eastern Europe’s terms of trade and drive it into current account deficit with the USSR. Proposals have been made for a payments union, resembling the European Payments Union of 1950-1958, to ease the transition. But it would not be very helpful if confined to the countries of Eastern Europe and would not function well if it included the USSR, which would be a persistent creditor. Other ways must be found to deal with the transition.
Download or read book How Changes in the Former CMEA Area May Affect International Trade in Manufactures written by Refik Erzan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Europe will be the major trading partner of the Eastern European and former Soviet economies, but their trade with Japan, North America, and developing countries will also expand. Eastern Europe's greater access to Western markets may conflict with the export interests of other developing countries.
Download or read book The Transition from Socialism in Eastern Europe written by Arye L. Hillman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foreign Trade in the Transition written by Bart?omiej Kami?ski and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 323. Presents a framework for evaluating the level and composition of public expenditures. The paper applies the framework to the analysis of intrasectoral allocations within key sectors, intersectoral allocations across sectors, and allocations for major cross-sectoral expenditure categories. It identifies the elements that should be an integral part of an ongoing exercise in analyzing the level and composition of public spending and highlights the importance of the institutional policy environment that determines these allocations and their outcomes.
Download or read book Integrating Eastern Europe into the Global Economy written by J.M. Van Brabant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed as a modest contribution to the ongoing deliberations about how to ease the fairly tight constraints on the external payments of many countries of the eastern part of Europe. In the fIrst instance, this inquiry is addressed to those that have embarked on wide-ranging systemwide reforms. External constraints have been markedly hampering the introduction of market oriented economic mutations, thereby raising the cost of transition far above levels expected at the outset of the present wave of uniquely restructuring the countries involved. I explore here several angles of this discussion. But three stand out. One is the disintegration of the postwar framework for economic cooperation in that part of the world. Another is the disarray brought about by incisive economic transformations in the area. Finally, various national, regional, and international interest groups are at work there, hoping to mold somehow the drift of the reform, or at least key components thereof, in their own "image. " In the process it is often forgotten, as Ralf Dahrendorf (1990, p. 41) so pointedly remarked that "[ a]ll systems mean serfdom, including the . natural' system of a total . market order' in which no one tries to do anything other than guard certain rules of the game discovered by a mysterious sect of economic advisers.
Download or read book Russia And Eastern Europe After Communism written by Michael Kraus and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conference on "Russia and East Europe in Transition," held at Middlebury College in May 1994 under the auspices of the Center for Russian and East European Studies, provided the impetus for this volume. The two-day gathering was made possible by a Title VI grant from the U.S. Department of Education and the Jessica Swift Endowed Lecture Fund of Middlebury College, for which we are most grateful. Apart from the contributors to this volume, the conference participants included: George Bellerose, Raymond E. Benson, Valery Chalidze, Michael Claudon, David Colander, Guntram H. Herb, Lars Lib, Tamar Mayer, Noah M.J. Pickus, Sunder Ramaswamy, David A. Rosenberg, and Mitchell Smith. Acting as discussants, panel chairs, or interested participants, their efforts, individually and collectively, have made this a better book and their contribution to this project is gratefully acknowledged.
Download or read book International Economic Integration Integration schemes written by Miroslav Jovanovic and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1998 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Payments and Finance Problems in the CIS written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reforming Planned Economies in an Integrating World Economy written by Barry P. Bosworth and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2000-07-26 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The still chaotic states of the former Soviet Union, a growing China, and the divergent nations of Eastern Europe are striving to radically transform their economies. In their quest to become more integrated with the global economy, they are making historic changes to move toward market-based, private-enterprise systems. In this book, Barry P. Bosworth and Gur Ofer provide a balanced assessment of the progress of integration among the formerly centrally planned economies. So far, the results of the reform process range from amazing success in China to economic and political disarray in the states of the former Soviet Union. The authors outline the key issues that any successful reform program must address and the sequence in which these reforms should take place. A volume of Brookings' Integrating National Economies Series
Download or read book Transitional Arrangements for Trade and Payments Among the Cmea Countries written by Peter B. Kenen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade among the CMEA countries will soon be conducted at world prices and in convertible currencies. These are crucial steps in economic reform but will worsen Eastern Europe`s terms of trade and drive it into current account deficit with the USSR. Proposals have been made for a payments union, resembling the European Payments Union of 1950-1958, to ease the transition. But it would not be very helpful if confined to the countries of Eastern Europe and would not function well if it included the USSR, which would be a persistent creditor. Other ways must be found to deal with the transition.
Download or read book Berichte des Bundesinstituts f r stwissenschaftliche und Internationale Studien written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ruble Convertibility External and Internal Equilibrium and Perestroyka written by Jozef M. van Brabant and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subregional Economic Cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe written by Martin Dangerfield and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-26 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book will be a valuable addition to the existing literature in the area, appealing to academics and researchers in European and transition studies."--BOOK JACKET.
