Download or read book Trace Element Emissions written by Leslie L. Sloss and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Elements written by Lee B. Clarke and published by London : IEA Coal Research. This book was released on 1992 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Elements from Coal Combustion written by M. Y. Lim and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal written by D.J. Swaine and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Happy he who could learn the causes of things (Virgil, Georgics 11) There is clearly a place for a book on the environmental aspects of trace elements in coal, especially with the increasing use of coal for power production. Our aim is to provide relevant background information and to update the situation regarding trace elements during beneficiation, combustion, .atmospheric deposition, leaching from wastes anti reclamation. The outcome is a balanced account of the overall situation. The initial chapter gives the rationale behind the planning of the book and puts the topics into the context of trace elements in the environment, while the final chapter summarises the subject matter and conclusions of each chapter. The choice of authors was based on their specialised knowledge. Although every effort has been made to ensure uniformity in layout, use of units, references and the like, authors have been given some latitude in expression and their styles have not been curbed. This book is intended primarily for coal scientists and technologists involved in environmental aspects of trace elements during the mining of coal, its beneficiation and usage, especially for power generation, and for regulatory bodies. It is considered to be suitable for relevant postgraduate courses. Just as it has been said that one of Bruckner's symphonies has enough melodies for a Beethoven to have written ten symphonies, so this book has several chapters that could be themes for other books.
Download or read book Trace Elements written by B. Markert and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-08-24 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses major areas of primary concern for the understanding of the complexity associated with ecological trace element research. These include sources and fates of trace elements; analytical techniques; and the distribution of trace elements in biota and soil and sediment reservoirs. Case studies, field work and laboratory studies intensively discussed in this volume are useful to enhance our knowledge about processes related to the biological response of trace metal stress under realistic environmental conditions.
Download or read book Emission and Control of Trace Elements from Coal Derived Gas Streams written by Yongchun Zhao and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-12 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emission and Control of Trace Elements from Coal-Derived Gas Streams presents an up-to-date and focused analysis on Trace element (TEs) emissions and control strategies during coal utilization. This book provides insights into how TE's in coal are distributed from different coal-forming periods, coal ranks and coal-bearing regions. As the emission and control of TEs during coal utilization are a significant concern, this book introduces TEs in coal and pollution in an accessible way before discussing why they occur and how they are distributed during various stages of coal forming, also considering various regions and countries. Specific types of TEs in relation to partition in coal combustion, coal fires, gasification and coal feed furnace are then analyzed, providing the reader with practical knowledge to apply to their own research or projects. This book is an essential reference for energy engineers researching and working in coal technology, with a specific focus on emission control, as well as graduate students and researchers in energy engineering, environmental, thermal and chemical engineering who have an interest in trace element emission and control from coal utilization. - Presents characteristics of TE emissions during coal utilization in laboratory-scale experiments, industrial furnaces and power plants - Considers different legislation and case studies from various regions and countries - Includes contributions from world renowned experts - Presents a concise and focused analysis on TE emissions and control strategies
Download or read book Trace Elements in Coal written by Dalway J. Swaine and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace Elements in Coal focuses on the compositions, reactions, and properties of trace elements in coal. The book first discusses the origin of trace elements in coal. The formation of peat; geological and geochemical aspects of coal seams; geology of Australian coals; constitution of coal; history of trace elements in coal; and coal mining in Australia are discussed. The text also clarifies the mode of occurrence of trace elements in coal. The identification of minerals in coal; silicon-rich minerals; carbonate minerals; sulfide minerals; lignites and brown coals; and phosphates are discussed. The book then underscores the methods of analysis. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry; atomic absorption spectrometry; spark source mass spectrometry; and neuron activation analysis are described. The text also focuses on the contents of trace elements in coal; comparisons of coal with shale and soil; relationship of radioactivity and coal; and relevance of trace elements in coal. The book is a good source of data for readers wanting to study the trace elements in coal.
Download or read book Trace Element Emissions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) is carrying out an investigation that will provide methods to predict the fate of selected trace elements in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) systems to aid in the development of methods to control the emission of trace elements determined to be air toxics. The goal of this project is to identify the effects of critical chemical and physical transformations associated with trace element behavior in IGCC and IGFC systems. The trace elements included in this project are arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, nickel, selenium, and lead. The research seeks to identify and fill, experimentally and/or theoretically, data gaps that currently exist on the fate and composition of trace elements. The specific objectives are to (1) review the existing literature to identify the type and quantity of trace elements from coal gasification systems, (2) perform laboratory-scale experimentation and computer modeling to enable prediction of trace element emissions, and (3) identify methods to control trace element emissions.
Download or read book Control and Fate of Atmospheric Trace Metals written by Jozef M. Pacyna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing production of industrial goods, heat, and energy, as well as traffic, has led to the release of considerable amounts of toxic trace metals to the atmosphere. The result is elevated concentrations of toxic metals in local populations and eco systems. Recently the problem of atmospheric long-range transport of trace metals has also been recognized. Significant amounts of these pollutants are disposed and deposited both on regional and global scales. In the atmosphere they may influence the chemical reactions. Of particular interest is their catalytic effect on the oxidation prosesses taking place in water droplets or on the surface of wet particles (e. g. the oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphate), however, the main environmental impact starts when the atmospheric trace metals are deposited on ground and vegetation and subsequently brought into the water circulation. During the later years significant progress has been made in the development of equipment to reduce and control the atmospheric emissions of toxic trace metals. This particularly applies to electrostatic precipitators and wet scrubbers for the collection of fine particles. The main objective of the workshop was to survey present knowledge concerning the sources, atmospheric fluxes, sinks and chemical impact of the atmospheric trace metals, and to review the developments of emission control equipment and the perspectives to reduce the potential risks from toxic metals. During the first two days of the meeting, 15 invited review papers were presented.
Download or read book Emissions of Organically Bound Trace Elements During Brown Coal Air and Oxyfuel Combustion written by Fiona Chai Foong Low and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The significant and consistent use of coal as a major source for power generation results in the emissions of various hazardous trace elements into the environment. Coupled with the advancement of oxyfuel combustion, a promising CO2 abatement technology, there is a pressing need to fully understand trace element behaviour. Therefore, this research project aims at contributing towards fundamental understanding regarding the mechanisms governing the behaviour of trace elements under the conditions that are typically encountered in brown coal air and oxyfuel combustion. To address literature gaps regarding trace element emissions and partitioning, both laboratory-scale and pilot-scale studies have been conducted. The highlight of these studies is the focused use of brown coals (lignites), e.g. Victorian brown coal (VBC), due to the limited knowledge for these coals which possess distinct properties and burns differently from high-rank coals that have been studied intensively in the literature. In terms of mode of occurrence in the original coal, trace elements in brown coals are mostly organically bound rather than being present in discrete minerals typical to that of other high-rank coals. For these coals, a wide variety of trace elements have been examined, including As, Ba, Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, and Zn. Of these, As and Cr are highlighted as elements of major environmental concern based on their known adverse health and ecological effects. These two elements are studied in greater detail since their speciation affects their toxicity. To accomplish trace element quantification and characterisation for these purposes, a number of advanced analytical instruments and methods were utilised, including inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The scope of this thesis includes firstly establishing and standardising the trace element quantification analysis method, microwave-assisted digestion performed in conjunction with ICP-OES, for accurate communication of the main body results. The laboratory-scale studies, which utilises a drop-tube furnace, then compare the trace element behaviour derived from a VBC to that from a Chinese lignite. For this, the emission dynamics of their respective trace elements during pyrolysis and char oxidation, different stages of the coal combustion process, were studied in both air and oxyfuel gaseous environments. Further to that, the laboratory-scale studies encompass the additional focus on the emission and speciation of As and Cr. For the study on As, three coals of different type and origin were tested for its As valency using the synchrotron-based XANES during coal combustion in air and oxyfuel combustion mode. On the other hand, the novel study on Cr mechanisms for speciation involved monitoring the evolution of Cr species from reacting reagent-grade compounds using in-situ high-temperature XRD. Finally, as means to validate the laboratory-scale results on a larger-scale, the Chinese lignite was then subjected to air combustion in a pilot-scale 30MWth pulverised coal-fired boiler. Here, a side objective of this work was to investigate the effects of using a silica additive on the emissions and partitioning of trace elements in brown coal. The use of fuel additives is commonly adopted by various facilities as they have been proven to inhibit ash slagging and fouling issues, however, their effects on trace element emissions have not been fully documented. Overall, clarifying trace element emissions and partitioning behaviour is of mainstream interest, and this research ultimately provide a clearer picture for the management of trace elements derived from the use of brown coal for power generation.
Download or read book Trace Metals and Stationary Conventional Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Benefit cost Framework for Analysis of Trace Element Emissions from Coal fired Power Plants 103 References written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major conclusions of this report may be summarized in the following four points: (1) It is probable that atmospheric emissions of trace elements from Southwestern coal-fired power plants will not cause major problems over the next 20 years. But monitoring for trace element build-up (especially mercury, selenium, and arsenic) in the mountains of southern Colorado, Navajo Reservoir, and other local hot spots would be an important and desirable step. (2) It appears that damage from trace elements in disposed ash is more likely than damage from atmospheric trace element emissions. But whether damage from disposed ash will actually occur is highly uncertain. We recommend that additional research be conducted on the entire range of issues surrounding ash disposal. (3) In the area of legislation and regulation, there may be some need for review of regulations concerning trace element atmospheric emissions. Present regulation of ash disposal is very likely to need revision and extension. (4) Future research on the environmental problems of coal-fired power plants should place emphasis on atmospheric emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides; consequent problems of acid precipitation also need exploration. Environmental research on coal-fired power plants does not need to exclude other problems. But issues surrounding sulfur emissions, nitrogen emissions, sulfate transformations, and acid precipitation appear to merit major emphasis. Perhaps the most important aspect of the preceding list of conclusions is that more questions are raised than are answered. As work on the subject proceeded, it became apparent that an important task was to point future research in the right direction.
Download or read book Modern Methods for Trace Element Determination written by C. Vandecasteele and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1997-03-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spurenanalyse von den theoretischen Grundlagen über die apparative Ausrüstung bis zur Probenpräparation - dieses Buch bringt Ihr Wissen über ICP-MS, HPLC-AAS, HPLC-ICP-MS und konventionellere Methoden auf den aktuellsten Stand. Viele Illustrationen und Beispiele aus der Praxis - so der biologischen Analytik und der Analytik hochreiner Materialien - empfehlen das Buch besonders für fortgeschrittene Studenten und Graduierte.
Download or read book Trace Element Emissions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Elements written by Hosam El-Din M. Saleh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, we have witnessed increasing efforts dedicated to the scientific investigation and characteristics of trace elements. Especially in the field of human and animal nutrition, trace elements display a considerably attractive issue for research because they play an essential role in the nutrition of both animals and humans. Aquatic environments contaminated with trace elements are an emerging research area due to the toxicity, abundance, and environmental persistence of trace elements. Accumulation of heavy metals as a class of trace elements in various environments, and the subsequent transition of these elements into the food and feed chain, severely affects human health. The determination of type and concentration of trace elements is regarded as the first and most important step to follow the mechanisms controlling the dispersal and accumulation of trace elements. Element speciation in different media (water, soil, food, plants, coal, biological matter, food, and fodder) is pivotal to assess an element's toxicity, bioavailability, environmental mobility, and biogeochemical performance. Recently, new analytical techniques have been developed, which greatly simplified the quantitation of many trace elements and considerably extended their detection range. In this context, the development of reproducible and accurate techniques for trace element analysis in different media using spectroscopic instrumentation is continuously updated.
Download or read book Trace Element Emissions Semi annual Report October 1994 February 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Element Emissions from Coal fired Power Plants written by K. Schwitzgebel and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
