Download or read book Biomarkers in Toxicology written by Ramesh C Gupta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-01-25 with total page 1149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers in Toxicology is a timely and comprehensive reference dedicated to all aspects of biomarkers that relate to chemical exposure and their effects on biological systems. This book includes both vertebrate and non-vertebrate species models for toxicological testing and development of biomarkers. Divided into several key sections, this reference volume contains chapters devoted to topics in molecular-cellular toxicology, as well as a look at the latest cutting-edge technologies used to detect biomarkers of exposure and effects. Each chapter also contains several references to the current literature and important resources for further reading. Given this comprehensive treatment, Biomarkers in Toxicology is an essential reference for all those interested in biomarkers across several scientific and biomedical fields. Written by international experts who have evaluated the expansive literature to provide you with one resource covering all aspects of toxicology biomarkers Identifies and discusses the most sensitive, accurate, unique and validated biomarkers used as indicators of exposure and effect of chemicals of different classes Covers special topics and applications of biomarkers, including chapters on molecular toxicology biomarkers, biomarker analysis for nanotoxicology, development of biomarkers for drug efficacy evaluation and much more

Download or read book Biomarkers in Toxicology written by Ramesh C. Gupta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 1246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers in Toxicology, Second Edition, is a timely and comprehensive reference dedicated to all aspects of biomarkers that relate to chemical exposure and their effects on biological systems. This revised and completely updated edition includes both vertebrate and non-vertebrate species models for toxicological testing and the development of biomarkers. Divided into several key sections, this reference volume contains new chapters devoted to topics in microplastics, neuroimmunotoxicity and nutraceuticals, along with a look at the latest cutting-edge technologies used to detect biomarkers. Each chapter contains several references to current literature and important resources for further reading. Given this comprehensive treatment, this book is an essential reference for anyone interested in biomarkers across the scientific and biomedical fields. Evaluates the expansive literature, providing one resource covering all aspects of toxicology biomarkers Includes completely revised chapters, along with additional chapters on the newest developments in the field Identifies and discusses the most sensitive, accurate, unique and validated biomarkers used as indicators of exposure Covers special topics and applications of biomarkers, including chapters on molecular toxicology biomarkers, biomarker analysis for nanotoxicology, development of biomarkers for drug efficacy evaluation, and much more

Download or read book Toxicity Biomarkers written by and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of civilization, humans have feared the unknown risks associated with the use of new natural herbs or other natural medications to cure their pain, aches and illnesses. In the ancient Indian Ayurvedic Medicine which is over 4000 years old, the Visha (poison) Tantra (wisdom) was developed as a discipline of medicine encompassing Toxicology and Preventive Medicines. Visha Tantra included the study of various toxic herbs and animals and their antidotes as well as the biomarkers of toxic effects. In the Visha Tantra and the practice of Ayurvedic medicine, there have been objective descriptions of the changes in colour and amount of urine, changes in the colour of nails, skin and eyes, breathing patterns, gastrointestinal disturbances, and precautionary measures to prevent adverse effects as biomarkers of toxicity associated with the use of herbal medicines and certain foods. The adverse effects are an inevitable outcome of the environmental and industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals; however, efforts are ongoing to prevent unexpected life-threatening toxicities and/or irreversible organ damage.The search for non-invasive biomarkers that can be objectively linked to adverse effects associated with manmade synthetic chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and environmental pollutants, is becoming an important priority for academicians, federal agencies, pharmaceutical and industrial companies. This publication is devoted to toxicity biomarkers of target organs of toxicity and molecular epidemiology. It provides a comprehensive review of a wide spectrum of biomarkers, including molecular epidemiology biomarkers of aflatoxin and hepatitis B virus induced hepatocarcinogenesis, cytokines as the biomarkers of hepatocellular injury, drug-induced vascular injury, nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity biomarkers.

Download or read book Accelerating the Development of Biomarkers for Drug Safety written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-20 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers can be defined as indicators of any biologic state, and they are central to the future of medicine. As the cost of developing drugs has risen in recent years, reducing the number of new drugs approved for use, biomarker development may be a way to cut costs, enhance safety, and provide a more focused and rational pathway to drug development. On October 24, 2008, the IOM's Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held "Assessing and Accelerating Development of Biomarkers for Drug Safety," a one-day workshop, summarized in this volume, on the value of biomarkers in helping to determine drug safety during development.

Download or read book Drug Discovery Toxicology written by Yvonne Will and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-16 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a guide for pharmaceutical professionals to the issues and practices of drug discovery toxicology, this book integrates and reviews the strategy and application of tools and methods at each step of the drug discovery process. • Guides researchers as to what drug safety experiments are both practical and useful • Covers a variety of key topics – safety lead optimization, in vitro-in vivo translation, organ toxicology, ADME, animal models, biomarkers, and –omics tools • Describes what experiments are possible and useful and offers a view into the future, indicating key areas to watch for new predictive methods • Features contributions from firsthand industry experience, giving readers insight into the strategy and execution of predictive toxicology practices

Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Download or read book Genomic and Epigenomic Biomarkers of Toxicology and Disease written by Saura C. Sahu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-05-02 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic and Epigenomic Biomarkers of Toxicology and Disease The latest developments in biomarker research applicable to toxicology and medicine Research on genomic and epigenomic biomarkers is developing rapidly with cutting-edge studies scattered throughout the academic literature, making the status of ongoing scientific activity in this area difficult to ascertain. Genomic and Epigenomic Biomarkers of Toxicology and Disease: Clinical and Therapeutic Actions delivers a comprehensive and authoritative compilation of up-to-date developments in the application of genomic and epigenomic biomarkers to toxicology, disease prevention, cancer detection, therapeutics, gene therapy, and other areas. With contributions from a collection of internationally recognized investigators, this edited volume offers unique insights into current trends and future directions of research in the discussed areas. Combining state-of-the-art information on genomic and epigenomic biomarkers from a range of specialists from around the world, this monograph includes: A thorough introduction to microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers of toxicity and chemical hazard Comprehensive explorations of extracellular vesicle-associated miRNAs as toxic biomarkers, as well as transcriptomic applications in toxicology and medicine Practical discussions of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of metal exposure, as well as microRNAs biomarkers of malignant mesothelioma In-depth examinations of the role of noncoding RNAs in innate immune responses perturbed by environmental arsenic with a focus on microRNAs Perfect for researchers, toxicologists, risk assessors, and regulators, Genomic and Epigenomic Biomarkers of Toxicology and Disease: Clinical and Therapeutic Actions will also earn a place in the libraries of graduate students with an interest in biomarkers, toxicology, agriculture, or the environment.

Download or read book Molecular Biological Markers for Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by Bruce A. Fowler and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Biological Markers for Toxicology and Risk Assessment provides an introduction to the exciting field of biomarkers and their use in toxicology and risk assessment. In recent years, new classes of molecular biomarkers capable of detecting early manifestations of ongoing chemical-induced cell injury and cell death have been developed as a result of advances in analytical chemistry, molecular biology, and computational modeling. The interplay between these emergent tools of science has resulted in new insights into initial mechanisms of chemical-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity. Molecular Biological Markers for Toxicology and Risk Assessment guides the reader through a broad range of molecular biological markers, including the "omic" biomarkers, and provides an examination of the various elements in the evolution of these modern tools. It then explores possible ways in which these markers may be applied to advance the field of chemical risk assessment. Since molecular biomarkers and related technologies are inherently complex, the book concludes with a section on risk communication in order that readers may appreciate both the strengths and limitations of molecular biological marker approaches to risk assessment practice. Introduces the use of molecular biomarkers to detect toxic effects of chemicals as early as possible Provides an accessible overview of this emerging, interdisciplinary field, to best inform decision making in chemical and pharmaceutical safety Includes a section on risk communication of these complex concepts, essential for effective risk assessment Provides new insights into the initial mechanisms of chemical-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity

Download or read book Toxicologic Biomarkers written by Anthony P. DeCaprio and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responding to the explosion of advances in the use of biomarkers to efficiently, rapidly, and economically evaluate the health effects of chemical entities, this authoritative reference provides a detailed overview of the theory, development, and practical application of biomarkers in the toxicological, environmental, forensic, and pharmaceutical s

Download or read book Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-09-27 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury is widespread in our environment. Methylmercury, one organic form of mercury, can accumulate up the aquatic food chain and lead to high concentrations in predatory fish. When consumed by humans, contaminated fish represent a public health risk. Combustion processes, especially coal-fired power plants, are major sources of mercury contamination in the environment. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is considering regulating mercury emissions from those plants. Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury reviews the health effects of methylmercury and discusses the estimation of mercury exposure from measured biomarkers, how differences between individuals affect mercury toxicity, and appropriate statistical methods for analysis of the data and thoroughly compares the epidemiological studies available on methylmercury. Included are discussions of current mercury levels on public health and a delineation of the scientific aspects and policy decisions involved in the regulation of mercury. This report is a valuable resource for individuals interested in the public health effects and regulation of mercury. The report also provides an excellent example of the implications of decisions in the risk assessment process for a larger audience.

Download or read book Toxicogenomics written by Saura C. Sahu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-20 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicogenomics is the integration of genomics to toxicology. This technology is a powerful tool for collecting information from a large number of biological samples simultaneously and thus it is very useful for large-scale screening of potential toxicants. Toxicogenomics: A Powerful Tool For Toxicity Assessment provides up-to-date state-of-the-art information presented by the recognized experts, and is therefore an authoritative source of current knowledge in this field of research. The potential link between toxicology, genetics and human diseases makes this book very useful to investigators in many and varied disciplines of science and toxicology. Topics covered include: mechanistic toxicogenomics analysis and interpretation of toxicogenomic data principles of data mining in toxicogenomics design issues in toxicogenomics studies sources of variability in toxicogenomic assays Escherichia coli stress response as a tool for detection of toxicity toxicogenomics as a tool to assess immunotoxicity toxicogenomics and ecogenomics for studying endocrine disruption and basic biology use of toxicogenomics as an early predictive tool for hepatotoxicity nutrigenomics: the application of genomic signatures in nutrition-related research application of toxicogenomics in drug discovery potential uses of toxicogenomic biomarkers in occupational health and risk assessment usefulness of toxicogenomics in the regulatory environment perspectives on toxicogenomics at the US Environmental Protection Agency Toxicogenomics: A Powerful Tool For Toxicity Assessment is an essential resource for research scientists currently engaged in toxicogenomics, and will also be of interest to researchers working in toxicology, genetics, medicine, pharmacology, and food sciences, and to regulators and risk assessors of drug, food, environmental and agricultural products.

Download or read book Biomarkers of Toxic Metals written by Vanda Maria Falcão Espada Lopes de Andrade and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-08-04 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current exposure of human populations to toxic metals makes the prevention and control of such exposures crucial. Biomarkers are undoubtably recognized as vital tools to achieve these goals. This book is for researchers, toxicologists, physicians, pharmacologists and those working in governmental regulatory agencies and other public health fields. The first part of this book covers general aspects of biomarkers of toxic metals, while parts 2 and 3 cover biomarkers of xenobiotic metals and essential metals with potential for toxicity, respectively. In part 4, novel approaches to metal biomarkers are focused.

Download or read book Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by Diane S. Henshel and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers presented at symposium as in title, held 3-5 April 1995, Denver, Colo.

Download or read book Biomarkers of Environmental Toxicants written by Kun Lu and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2020-10-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers of environmental toxicants are measures of exposures, some of which can serve to assess disease risk and inter-individual susceptibilities. Metabolites, protein and DNA adducts also serve to elucidate the mechanisms of the bioactivation and detoxication of reactive toxicant intermediates. Some environmental chemicals act as modulators of gene and protein activity, and induce the dysbiosis of the microbiome, which impacts the metabolome and overall health. In this Special Issue on "Biomarkers of Environmental Toxicants", review articles and original research studies are featured, covering the latest bioanalytical, biochemical and mass spectrometry-based technologies, to monitor exposures through targeted and non-targeted methods, and mechanistic studies that examine the biological effects of environmental toxicants in cells and humans. Diverse topics, such as exposome, microbiome, DNA/protein adducts and t-RNA modifications, as well as important environment toxicants, including heavy metals, benzene, phthalates, aldehydes, glycidol, tobacco smoke and aristolochic acids, are covered. Novel analytical methods, such as protein adductomics, DNA adduct analysis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, site-specific mutagenesis assay and accelerator mass spectrometry, are also included. This collection provides a valuable update of the most recent biochemical and analytical tools that employ biomarkers in toxicology research, biomarker discovery, and exposure and risk assessment in population-based studies.

Download or read book Biomarkers for Agrochemicals and Toxic Substances written by Jerry N. Blancato and published by Amer Chemical Society. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relationship of biomarkers of exposure to risk assessment and risk management; proposed use of human exposure biomarkers in environmental legislation toxic substances control act; the use of reference range concentrations in environmental health investigations; possible biomarkers for assessing health risks in susceptible individuals exposed to agrochemicals with emphasis on developing countries; plood cholinesterase activity inhibition as an indicator of adverse effct; neurotoxic esterase inhibition predictor of potential for organophosphorus induced delayed neuropathy; increased urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid as a biomarker of exposure to organophosphorus insecticides; serum protein a possible biomarker for exposure to insecticides; breast milk as a biomarker for monitoring human exposure to environmental pollutants; carnitine and its as potential biomarkers of environmental toxicological to nongenotoxic tumorigens; carnitine as a detoxicant of nonmtabolizable acyl coenzyme a; the use of human 101l cells as a biomarker p 450 rgs for assessing the potential risk of environmental samples; field application of fluorescence based catalytic assays for measuring cytochome p 450 induction in birds; initial results for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric determination of trace elements in organs of striped bass from lake mead U.S.A.; aquatic toxicity of chemical agent simulants as determined by quantitative structure relationships and acute bioassays; use of a multiple pathway and multiroute physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for predicting organophosphorus pesticide toxicity; use of spot urine sample results in physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of absorbed malathion doses in humans; symbolic solutions of small linear physiologically based pharmacokinetic models useful in risk assessment and experimental desing; comparison of symbolic numeral area under the concentration curves of small linear physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.

Download or read book Biomarkers in Drug Development written by Michael R. Bleavins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how biomarkers can boost the success rate of drug development efforts As pharmaceutical companies struggle to improve the success rate and cost-effectiveness of the drug development process, biomarkers have emerged as a valuable tool. This book synthesizes and reviews the latest efforts to identify, develop, and integrate biomarkers as a key strategy in translational medicine and the drug development process. Filled with case studies, the book demonstrates how biomarkers can improve drug development timelines, lower costs, facilitate better compound selection, reduce late-stage attrition, and open the door to personalized medicine. Biomarkers in Drug Development is divided into eight parts: Part One offers an overview of biomarkers and their role in drug development. Part Two highlights important technologies to help researchers identify new biomarkers. Part Three examines the characterization and validation process for both drugs and diagnostics, and provides practical advice on appropriate statistical methods to ensure that biomarkers fulfill their intended purpose. Parts Four through Six examine the application of biomarkers in discovery, preclinical safety assessment, clinical trials, and translational medicine. Part Seven focuses on lessons learned and the practical aspects of implementing biomarkers in drug development programs. Part Eight explores future trends and issues, including data integration, personalized medicine, and ethical concerns. Each of the thirty-eight chapters was contributed by one or more leading experts, including scientists from biotechnology and pharmaceutical firms, academia, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Their contributions offer pharmaceutical and clinical researchers the most up-to-date understanding of the strategies used for and applications of biomarkers in drug development.

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Lead written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: