Download or read book Towards Better Understanding of Algorithms and Complexity of Some Learning Problems written by Xin Yang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present several novel results on computational problems related to supervised learning.We focus on the computational resources required by algorithms to solve learning problems. The computational resources we consider are running time, memory usage and query complexity, which is the number of positions in the input that the algorithm needs to check. Some contributions include: time-space tradeoff lower bounds for problems of learning from uniformly random labelled examples. With our methods we can obtain bounds for learning concept classes of finite functions from random evaluations even when the sample space of random inputs can be significantly smaller than the concept class of functions and the function values can be from an arbitrary finite set. A simple and efficient algorithm for approximating the John Ellipsoid of a symmetric polytope. Our algorithm is near optimal in the sense that our time complexity matches the current best verification algorithm. Experimental results suggest that our algorithm significantly outperforms existing algorithms.The first algorithm for the total least squares problem, a variant of the ordinary least squares problem, that runs in time proportional to the sparsity of the input. The core to developing our algorithm involves recent advances in randomized linear algebra. \item A generic space efficient algorithm that is based on deterministic decision trees. The first algorithm for the linear bandits problem with prior constraints.
Download or read book Algorithms Design Techniques And Analysis written by M H Alsuwaiyel and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999-08-30 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problem solving is an essential part of every scientific discipline. It has two components: (1) problem identification and formulation, and (2) solution of the formulated problem. One can solve a problem on its own using ad hoc techniques or follow those techniques that have produced efficient solutions to similar problems. This requires the understanding of various algorithm design techniques, how and when to use them to formulate solutions and the context appropriate for each of them. This book advocates the study of algorithm design techniques by presenting most of the useful algorithm design techniques and illustrating them through numerous examples.
Download or read book Understanding Machine Learning written by Shai Shalev-Shwartz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces machine learning and its algorithmic paradigms, explaining the principles behind automated learning approaches and the considerations underlying their usage.
Download or read book The Algorithm Design Manual written by Steven S Skiena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-05 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly expanded and updated second edition of the best-selling classic continues to take the "mystery" out of designing algorithms, and analyzing their efficacy and efficiency. Expanding on the first edition, the book now serves as the primary textbook of choice for algorithm design courses while maintaining its status as the premier practical reference guide to algorithms for programmers, researchers, and students. The reader-friendly Algorithm Design Manual provides straightforward access to combinatorial algorithms technology, stressing design over analysis. The first part, Techniques, provides accessible instruction on methods for designing and analyzing computer algorithms. The second part, Resources, is intended for browsing and reference, and comprises the catalog of algorithmic resources, implementations and an extensive bibliography. NEW to the second edition: • Doubles the tutorial material and exercises over the first edition • Provides full online support for lecturers, and a completely updated and improved website component with lecture slides, audio and video • Contains a unique catalog identifying the 75 algorithmic problems that arise most often in practice, leading the reader down the right path to solve them • Includes several NEW "war stories" relating experiences from real-world applications • Provides up-to-date links leading to the very best algorithm implementations available in C, C++, and Java
Download or read book Discrete Structures Logic and Computability written by James L. Hein and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2001 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrete Structure, Logic, and Computability introduces the beginning computer science student to some of the fundamental ideas and techniques used by computer scientists today, focusing on discrete structures, logic, and computability. The emphasis is on the computational aspects, so that the reader can see how the concepts are actually used. Because of logic's fundamental importance to computer science, the topic is examined extensively in three phases that cover informal logic, the technique of inductive proof; and formal logic and its applications to computer science.
Download or read book Algorithms written by Robert Sedgewick and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is Part I of the fourth edition of Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne’s Algorithms, the leading textbook on algorithms today, widely used in colleges and universities worldwide. Part I contains Chapters 1 through 3 of the book. The fourth edition of Algorithms surveys the most important computer algorithms currently in use and provides a full treatment of data structures and algorithms for sorting, searching, graph processing, and string processing -- including fifty algorithms every programmer should know. In this edition, new Java implementations are written in an accessible modular programming style, where all of the code is exposed to the reader and ready to use. The algorithms in this book represent a body of knowledge developed over the last 50 years that has become indispensable, not just for professional programmers and computer science students but for any student with interests in science, mathematics, and engineering, not to mention students who use computation in the liberal arts. The companion web site, algs4.cs.princeton.edu contains An online synopsis Full Java implementations Test data Exercises and answers Dynamic visualizations Lecture slides Programming assignments with checklists Links to related material The MOOC related to this book is accessible via the "Online Course" link at algs4.cs.princeton.edu. The course offers more than 100 video lecture segments that are integrated with the text, extensive online assessments, and the large-scale discussion forums that have proven so valuable. Offered each fall and spring, this course regularly attracts tens of thousands of registrants. Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne are developing a modern approach to disseminating knowledge that fully embraces technology, enabling people all around the world to discover new ways of learning and teaching. By integrating their textbook, online content, and MOOC, all at the state of the art, they have built a unique resource that greatly expands the breadth and depth of the educational experience.
Download or read book Algorithmic Puzzles written by Anany Levitin and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithmic puzzles are puzzles involving well-defined procedures for solving problems. This book will provide an enjoyable and accessible introduction to algorithmic puzzles that will develop the reader's algorithmic thinking. The first part of this book is a tutorial on algorithm design strategies and analysis techniques. Algorithm design strategies — exhaustive search, backtracking, divide-and-conquer and a few others — are general approaches to designing step-by-step instructions for solving problems. Analysis techniques are methods for investigating such procedures to answer questions about the ultimate result of the procedure or how many steps are executed before the procedure stops. The discussion is an elementary level, with puzzle examples, and requires neither programming nor mathematics beyond a secondary school level. Thus, the tutorial provides a gentle and entertaining introduction to main ideas in high-level algorithmic problem solving. The second and main part of the book contains 150 puzzles, from centuries-old classics to newcomers often asked during job interviews at computing, engineering, and financial companies. The puzzles are divided into three groups by their difficulty levels. The first fifty puzzles in the Easier Puzzles section require only middle school mathematics. The sixty puzzle of average difficulty and forty harder puzzles require just high school mathematics plus a few topics such as binary numbers and simple recurrences, which are reviewed in the tutorial. All the puzzles are provided with hints, detailed solutions, and brief comments. The comments deal with the puzzle origins and design or analysis techniques used in the solution. The book should be of interest to puzzle lovers, students and teachers of algorithm courses, and persons expecting to be given puzzles during job interviews.
Download or read book Algorithms Part II written by Robert Sedgewick and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is Part II of the fourth edition of Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne’s Algorithms, the leading textbook on algorithms today, widely used in colleges and universities worldwide. Part II contains Chapters 4 through 6 of the book. The fourth edition of Algorithms surveys the most important computer algorithms currently in use and provides a full treatment of data structures and algorithms for sorting, searching, graph processing, and string processing -- including fifty algorithms every programmer should know. In this edition, new Java implementations are written in an accessible modular programming style, where all of the code is exposed to the reader and ready to use. The algorithms in this book represent a body of knowledge developed over the last 50 years that has become indispensable, not just for professional programmers and computer science students but for any student with interests in science, mathematics, and engineering, not to mention students who use computation in the liberal arts. The companion web site, algs4.cs.princeton.edu contains An online synopsis Full Java implementations Test data Exercises and answers Dynamic visualizations Lecture slides Programming assignments with checklists Links to related material The MOOC related to this book is accessible via the "Online Course" link at algs4.cs.princeton.edu. The course offers more than 100 video lecture segments that are integrated with the text, extensive online assessments, and the large-scale discussion forums that have proven so valuable. Offered each fall and spring, this course regularly attracts tens of thousands of registrants. Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne are developing a modern approach to disseminating knowledge that fully embraces technology, enabling people all around the world to discover new ways of learning and teaching. By integrating their textbook, online content, and MOOC, all at the state of the art, they have built a unique resource that greatly expands the breadth and depth of the educational experience.
Download or read book Math for Programmers written by Paul Orland and published by Manning Publications. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Math for Programmers you’ll explore important mathematical concepts through hands-on coding. Filled with graphics and more than 300 exercises and mini-projects, this book unlocks the door to interesting–and lucrative!–careers in some of today’s hottest fields. As you tackle the basics of linear algebra, calculus, and machine learning, you’ll master the key Python libraries used to turn them into real-world software applications. Summary To score a job in data science, machine learning, computer graphics, and cryptography, you need to bring strong math skills to the party. Math for Programmers teaches the math you need for these hot careers, concentrating on what you need to know as a developer. Filled with lots of helpful graphics and more than 200 exercises and mini-projects, this book unlocks the door to interesting–and lucrative!–careers in some of today’s hottest programming fields. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the technology Skip the mathematical jargon: This one-of-a-kind book uses Python to teach the math you need to build games, simulations, 3D graphics, and machine learning algorithms. Discover how algebra and calculus come alive when you see them in code! About the book In Math for Programmers you’ll explore important mathematical concepts through hands-on coding. Filled with graphics and more than 300 exercises and mini-projects, this book unlocks the door to interesting–and lucrative!–careers in some of today’s hottest fields. As you tackle the basics of linear algebra, calculus, and machine learning, you’ll master the key Python libraries used to turn them into real-world software applications. What's inside Vector geometry for computer graphics Matrices and linear transformations Core concepts from calculus Simulation and optimization Image and audio processing Machine learning algorithms for regression and classification About the reader For programmers with basic skills in algebra. About the author Paul Orland is a programmer, software entrepreneur, and math enthusiast. He is co-founder of Tachyus, a start-up building predictive analytics software for the energy industry. You can find him online at www.paulor.land. Table of Contents 1 Learning math with code PART I - VECTORS AND GRAPHICS 2 Drawing with 2D vectors 3 Ascending to the 3D world 4 Transforming vectors and graphics 5 Computing transformations with matrices 6 Generalizing to higher dimensions 7 Solving systems of linear equations PART 2 - CALCULUS AND PHYSICAL SIMULATION 8 Understanding rates of change 9 Simulating moving objects 10 Working with symbolic expressions 11 Simulating force fields 12 Optimizing a physical system 13 Analyzing sound waves with a Fourier series PART 3 - MACHINE LEARNING APPLICATIONS 14 Fitting functions to data 15 Classifying data with logistic regression 16 Training neural networks
Download or read book How to Think About Algorithms written by Jeff Edmonds and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-19 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook, for second- or third-year students of computer science, presents insights, notations, and analogies to help them describe and think about algorithms like an expert, without grinding through lots of formal proof. Solutions to many problems are provided to let students check their progress, while class-tested PowerPoint slides are on the web for anyone running the course. By looking at both the big picture and easy step-by-step methods for developing algorithms, the author guides students around the common pitfalls. He stresses paradigms such as loop invariants and recursion to unify a huge range of algorithms into a few meta-algorithms. The book fosters a deeper understanding of how and why each algorithm works. These insights are presented in a careful and clear way, helping students to think abstractly and preparing them for creating their own innovative ways to solve problems.
Download or read book A Guide to Algorithm Design written by Anne Benoit and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a complementary perspective to standard books on algorithms, A Guide to Algorithm Design: Paradigms, Methods, and Complexity Analysis provides a roadmap for readers to determine the difficulty of an algorithmic problem by finding an optimal solution or proving complexity results. It gives a practical treatment of algorithmic complexity and guides readers in solving algorithmic problems. Divided into three parts, the book offers a comprehensive set of problems with solutions as well as in-depth case studies that demonstrate how to assess the complexity of a new problem. Part I helps readers understand the main design principles and design efficient algorithms. Part II covers polynomial reductions from NP-complete problems and approaches that go beyond NP-completeness. Part III supplies readers with tools and techniques to evaluate problem complexity, including how to determine which instances are polynomial and which are NP-hard. Drawing on the authors’ classroom-tested material, this text takes readers step by step through the concepts and methods for analyzing algorithmic complexity. Through many problems and detailed examples, readers can investigate polynomial-time algorithms and NP-completeness and beyond.
Download or read book The Computational Complexity of Machine Learning written by Michael J. Kearns and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We also give algorithms for learning powerful concept classes under the uniform distribution, and give equivalences between natural models of efficient learnability. This thesis also includes detailed definitions and motivation for the distribution-free model, a chapter discussing past research in this model and related models, and a short list of important open problems."
Download or read book Python Algorithms written by Magnus Lie Hetland and published by Apress. This book was released on 2011-02-27 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Python Algorithms explains the Python approach to algorithm analysis and design. Written by Magnus Lie Hetland, author of Beginning Python, this book is sharply focused on classical algorithms, but it also gives a solid understanding of fundamental algorithmic problem-solving techniques. The book deals with some of the most important and challenging areas of programming and computer science, but in a highly pedagogic and readable manner. The book covers both algorithmic theory and programming practice, demonstrating how theory is reflected in real Python programs. Well-known algorithms and data structures that are built into the Python language are explained, and the user is shown how to implement and evaluate others himself.
Download or read book Complexity Theory written by Ingo Wegener and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-04-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflects recent developments in its emphasis on randomized and approximation algorithms and communication models All topics are considered from an algorithmic point of view stressing the implications for algorithm design
Download or read book Algorithms and Complexity written by Herbert S. Wilf and published by A K PETERS. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introductory textbook on the design and analysis of algorithms. The author uses a careful selection of a few topics to illustrate the tools for algorithm analysis. Recursive algorithms are illustrated by Quicksort, FFT, fast matrix multiplications, and others. Algorithms associated with the network flow problem are fundamental in many areas of graph connectivity, matching theory, etc. Algorithms in number theory are discussed with some applications to public key encryption. This second edition will differ from the present edition mainly in that solutions to most of the exercises will be included.
Download or read book Dividing the Indivisible written by Fredrik Präntare and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-04-18 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allocating resources, goods, agents (e.g., humans), expertise, production, and assets is one of the most influential and enduring cornerstone challenges at the intersection of artificial intelligence, operations research, politics, and economics. At its core—as highlighted by a number of seminal works [181, 164, 125, 32, 128, 159, 109, 209, 129, 131]—is a timeless question: How can we best allocate indivisible entities—such as objects, items, commodities, jobs, or personnel—so that the outcome is as valuable as possible, be it in terms of expected utility, fairness, or overall societal welfare? This thesis confronts this inquiry from multiple algorithmic viewpoints, focusing on the value-maximizing combinatorial assignment problem: the optimization challenge of partitioning a set of indivisibles among alternatives to maximize a given notion of value. To exemplify, consider a scenario where an international aid organization is responsible for distributing medical resources, such as ventilators and vaccines, and allocating medical personnel, including doctors and nurses, to hospitals during a global health crisis. These resources and personnel—inherently indivisible and non-fragmentable—necessitate an allocation process designed to optimize utility and fairness. Rather than using manual interventions and ad-hoc methods, which often lack precision and scalability, a rigorously developed and demonstrably performant approach can often be more desirable. With this type of challenge in mind, our thesis begins through the lens of computational complexity theory, commencing with an initial insight: In general, under prevailing complexity-theoretic assumptions (P ≠ NP), it is impossible to develop an efficient method guaranteeing a value-maximizing allocation that is better than “arbitrarily bad”, even under severely constraining limitations and simplifications. This inapproximability result not only underscores the problem’s complexity but also sets the stage for our ensuing work, wherein we develop novel algorithms and concise representations for utilitarian, egalitarian, and Nash welfare maximization problems, aimed at maximizing average, equitable, and balanced utility, respectively. For example, we introduce the synergy hypergraph—a hypergraph-based characterization of utilitarian combinatorial assignment—which allows us to prove several new state-of-the-art complexity results to help us better understand how hard the problem is. We then provide efficient approximation algorithms and (non-trivial) exponential-time algorithms for many hard cases. In addition, we explore complexity bounds for generalizations with interdependent effects between allocations, known as externalities in economics. Natural applications in team formation, resource allocation, and combinatorial auctions are also discussed; and a novel “bootstrapped” dynamic-programming method is introduced. We then transition from theory to practice as we shift our focus to the utilitarian variant of the problem—an incarnation of the problem particularly applicable to many real-world scenarios. For this variation, we achieve substantial empirical algorithmic improvements over existing methods, including industry-grade solvers. This work culminates in the development of a new hybrid algorithm that combines dynamic programming with branch-and-bound techniques that is demonstrably faster than all competing methods in finding both optimal and near-optimal allocations across a wide range of experiments. For example, it solves one of our most challenging problem sets in just 0.25% of the time required by the previous best methods, representing an improvement of approximately 2.6 orders of magnitude in processing speed. Additionally, we successfully integrate and commercialize our algorithm into Europa Universalis IV—one of the world’s most popular strategy games, with a player base exceeding millions. In this dynamic and challenging setting, our algorithm efficiently manages complex strategic agent interactions, highlighting its potential to improve computational efficiency and decision-making in real-time, multi-agent scenarios. This also represents one of the first instances where a combinatorial assignment algorithm has been applied in a commercial context. We then introduce and evaluate several highly efficient heuristic algorithms. These algorithms—while lacking provable quality guarantees—employ general-purpose heuristic and random-sampling techniques to significantly outperform existing methods in both speed and quality in large-input scenarios. For instance, in one of our most challenging problem sets, involving a thousand indivisibles, our best algorithm generates outcomes that are 99.5% of the expected optimal in just seconds. This performance is particularly noteworthy when compared to state-of-the-art industry-grade solvers, which struggle to produce any outcomes under similar conditions. Further advancing our work, we employ novel machine learning techniques to generate new heuristics that outperform the best hand-crafted ones. This approach not only showcases the potential of machine learning in combinatorial optimization but also sets a new standard for combinatorial assignment heuristics to be used in real-world scenarios demanding rapid, high-quality decisions, such as in logistics, real-time tactics, and finance. In summary, this thesis bridges many gaps between the theoretical and practical aspects of combinatorial assignment problems such as those found in coalition formation, combinatorial auctions, welfare-maximizing resource allocation, and assignment problems. It deepens the understanding of the computational complexities involved and provides effective and improved solutions for longstanding real-world challenges across various sectors—providing new algorithms applicable in fields ranging from artificial intelligence to logistics, finance, and digital entertainment, while simultaneously paving the way for future work in computational problem-solving and optimization.
Download or read book Algorithms written by Rob Botwright and published by Rob Botwright. This book was released on 101-01-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing "ALGORITHMS: COMPUTER SCIENCE UNVEILED" - Your Path to Algorithmic Mastery! Are you fascinated by the world of computer science and the magic of algorithms? Do you want to unlock the power of algorithmic thinking and take your skills to expert levels? Look no further! This exclusive book bundle is your comprehensive guide to mastering the art of algorithms and conquering the exciting realm of computer science. 📘 BOOK 1 - COMPUTER SCIENCE: ALGORITHMS UNVEILED 📘 · Dive into the fundamentals of algorithms. · Perfect for beginners and those new to computer science. · Learn the building blocks of algorithmic thinking. · Lay a strong foundation for your journey into the world of algorithms. 📘 BOOK 2 - MASTERING ALGORITHMS: FROM BASICS TO EXPERT LEVEL 📘 · Take your algorithmic skills to new heights. · Explore advanced sorting and searching techniques. · Uncover the power of dynamic programming and greedy algorithms. · Ideal for students and professionals looking to become algorithmic experts. 📘 BOOK 3 - ALGORITHMIC MASTERY: A JOURNEY FROM NOVICE TO GURU 📘 · Embark on a transformative journey from novice to guru. · Master divide and conquer strategies. · Discover advanced data structures and their applications. · Tackle algorithmic challenges that demand mastery. · Suitable for anyone seeking to elevate their problem-solving abilities. 📘 BOOK 4 - ALGORITHMIC WIZARDRY: UNRAVELING COMPLEXITY FOR EXPERTS 📘 · Push the boundaries of your algorithmic expertise. · Explore expert-level techniques and conquer puzzles. · Unleash the full power of algorithmic mastery. · For those who aspire to become true algorithmic wizards. Why Choose "ALGORITHMS: COMPUTER SCIENCE UNVEILED"? 🌟 Comprehensive Learning: Covering the entire spectrum of algorithmic knowledge, this bundle caters to beginners and experts alike. 🌟 Progression: Start with the basics and gradually advance to expert-level techniques, making it accessible for learners at all stages. 🌟 Real-World Application: Gain practical skills and problem-solving abilities that are highly sought after in the world of computer science. 🌟 Expert Authors: Written by experts in the field, each book provides clear explanations and hands-on examples. 🌟 Career Advancement: Enhance your career prospects with a deep understanding of algorithms, an essential skill in today's tech-driven world. Unlock the Secrets of Computer Science Today! Whether you're a student, a professional, or simply curious about computer science, "ALGORITHMS: COMPUTER SCIENCE UNVEILED" is your gateway to a world of knowledge and expertise. Don't miss this opportunity to acquire a valuable skill set that can propel your career to new heights. Get your copy now and embark on a journey to algorithmic mastery!
