Download or read book Toward a Hydrologic Modeling System written by Mukesh Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface water, plant water, soil and groundwater, and the atmosphere are all linked components of the hydrologic continuum. Understanding the interaction between these components and the ability to predict the availability, variability and quality on large scale, requires an accurate and efficient solution strategy. Here we present the underpinnings of a framework referred to as Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS), to couple physics, numerics, data and computation, with the goal to simulate coupled hydrologic process interactions at multiple spatio-temporal scales. The primary component of the framework is a physics-based, spatially distributed, fully coupled, constrained unstructured mesh based Finite-Volume model that simultaneously solves integrated hydrologic processes in heterogeneous, anisotropic domains. The holistic approach developed here, emphasizes the need for efficient simulations through spatially adaptive domain decomposition strategies, use of multi-processor clusters, and seamless and dynamic flow of data between data-management systems and hydrologic models. The modeling framework has been applied from hillslope (10-100m) to catchment (100-1000m) to synoptic scales (>100km) by using different number and approximation of process equations depending on model purpose and computational constraint. Examples will demonstrate how this model provides insight into the influence of drainage from unsaturated zone on delayed water table drawdown, the role of water table position on infiltration and surface runoff, and the interaction of overland flow-groundwater exchanges in relation to the dynamics of infiltrating/exfiltrating surfaces on the hillslopes. Large scale implementation of the model in Little-Juniata Watershed (845 km2) unfolds a range of multiscale/multiprocess interactions including the influence of local upland topography and stream morphology on spatially distributed, asymmetric right-left bank river-aquifer interactions, and, the role of macropore and topography on ground water recharge magnitude, time scale and spatial distribution. Finally, the computational challenges posed by using such complex model will be addressed, along with an outlook for future efforts along these lines.
Download or read book The Hydrologic Modeling System HEC HMS written by Hydrologic Engineering Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Hydrologic Modeling System HEC HMS written by William J. Charley and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toward a New Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service AHPS written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-07-28 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Weather Service (NWS) is responsible for providing flood forecasts and warnings in the United States. The agency established the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Services (AHPS) program in 1997 to advance technology for hydrologic services, specifically to provide accurate forecasts that support timely warnings for all users of hydrologic predictions. AHPS strives to provide information at the right time to facilitate adequate responses to mitigate damages to life, livelihoods, and property. AHPS is slated to be fully implemented nationwide in 2013. With seven years still remaining in its development and implementation timeline, a review of the program now is critical to providing NWS with information it needs to maximize the effectiveness of the AHPS program. This report assesses AHPS in respect to hydrologic science and technology research, river routing and mechanics, "systems" engineering aspects, and implementation. Overall, this report finds AHPS to be an ambitious program that promises to provide services and products that are timely and necessary. The report calls for AHPS to develop a detailed and comprehensive, multi-year implementation plan and for the program's goals and budget to be brought into closer alignment.
Download or read book Toward Improving National Weather Service Distributed Hydrologic Modeling Via Addressing Subsurface Water Exchanges and Calibration Strategies written by Behnaz Khakbaz and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting (SAC-SMA) is an empirical and lumped conceptual model that represents the core hydrologic component of the current National Weather Service River Forecast System (NWSRFS). The NWS vision for continuing development and modifications of the NWSRFS include, among other considerations: (a) transitioning from lumped system to a system based on finer spatial and temporal scales, (b) incorporating physically-based models and/or physically-based model parameterization, and (c) developing more effective model calibration schemes that are consistent with distributed modeling paradigm. The NWS's Distributed Model Intercomparison Project (DMIP) is the main vehicle by which researchers from the NWS and the academia can test the capabilities of new modeling strategies. The main premise of this dissertation is that development of hydrologic forecasting systems, which combine the advantages of lumped models, distributed-physically based parameters, and at the same time, capture the heterogeneities in basin characteristics and hydrometeorological forcing would be an important step towards a smooth transition from lumped to fully distributed models. As such, this dissertation attempts to contribute to the above-described transition by addressing unresolved issues related to the two primary components of operational forecasting systems that are based on distributed models. These components are namely, (a) model structure, and (b) calibration strategies. To accomplish this objective, the dissertation study first introduces a semi-distributed version of SAC-SMA with different methodologies to route the fast and slow response components of the water balance component. Then, effective parameterization strategies that take the advantage of the strengths of both distributed and lumped approaches are investigated. In the second part, it investigates the value of modifying the NWS distributed hydrologic model (i.e., HL-RDHM) structure in terms of sub-surface water interactions between model elements (i.e., small sub-basins and/or grid cells).
Download or read book Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle written by Soroosh Sorooshian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-18 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of a selected number of articles based on presentations at the 2005 L’Aquila (Italy) Summer School on the topic of “Hydrologic Modeling and Water Cycle: Coupling of the Atmosphere and Hydrological Models”. The p- mary focus of this volume is on hydrologic modeling and their data requirements, especially precipitation. As the eld of hydrologic modeling is experiencing rapid development and transition to application of distributed models, many challenges including overcoming the requirements of compatible observations of inputs and outputs must be addressed. A number of papers address the recent advances in the State-of-the-art distributed precipitation estimation from satellites. A number of articles address the issues related to the data merging and use of geo-statistical techniques for addressing data limitations at spatial resolutions to capture the h- erogeneity of physical processes. The participants at the School came from diverse backgrounds and the level of - terest and active involvement in the discussions clearly demonstrated the importance the scienti c community places on challenges related to the coupling of atmospheric and hydrologic models. Along with my colleagues Dr. Erika Coppola and Dr. Kuolin Hsu, co-directors of the School, we greatly appreciate the invited lectures and all the participants. The members of the local organizing committee, Drs Barbara Tomassetti; Marco Verdecchia and Guido Visconti were instrumental in the success of the school and their contributions, both scienti cally and organizationally are much appreciated.
Download or read book Distributed Hydrologic Modeling Using GIS written by Baxter E. Vieux and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During ten years serving with the USDA Soil Conservation Service (SCS), now known as the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), I became amazed at how millions of dollars in contract monies were spent based on simplistic hydrologic models. As project engineer in western Kansas, I was responsible for building flood control dams (authorized under Public Law 566) in the Wet Walnut River watershed. This watershed is within the Arkansas-Red River basin, as is the Illinois River basin referred to extensively in this book. After building nearly 18 of these structures, I became Assistant State Engineer in Michigan and, for a short time, State Engineer for NRCS. Again, we based our entire design and construction program on simplified relationships variously referred to as the SCS method. I recall announcing that I was going to pursue a doctoral degree and develop a new hydrologic model. One of my agency's chief engineers remarked, "Oh no, not another model!" Since then, I hope that I have not built just another model but have significantly advanced the state of hydrologic modeling for both researchers and practitioners. Using distributed hydrologic techniques described in this book, I also hope one day to forecast the response of the dams I built.
Download or read book Advances In Data based Approaches For Hydrologic Modeling And Forecasting written by Bellie Sivakumar and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-08-10 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively accounts the advances in data-based approaches for hydrologic modeling and forecasting. Eight major and most popular approaches are selected, with a chapter for each — stochastic methods, parameter estimation techniques, scaling and fractal methods, remote sensing, artificial neural networks, evolutionary computing, wavelets, and nonlinear dynamics and chaos methods. These approaches are chosen to address a wide range of hydrologic system characteristics, processes, and the associated problems. Each of these eight approaches includes a comprehensive review of the fundamental concepts, their applications in hydrology, and a discussion on potential future directions.
Download or read book Atmospheric Data Analysis written by Roger Daley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-11-26 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended to fill a void in the atmospheric science literature, this self-contained text outlines the physical and mathematical basis of all aspects of atmospheric analysis as well as topics important in several other fields outside of it, including atmospheric dynamics and statistics.
Download or read book Hillslope Hydrology written by M. J. Kirkby and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1978 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to the behavior of water on graded land Hillslope Hydrology provides a comprehensive introduction to the behavior of water on a slope. Describing the fates of precipitation, the mechanics of runoff, and the calculations involved in assessment, this book clarifies the complex interplay of soils, sediment, subsurface flow, overland flow, saturation, erosion, and more. An ideal resource for graduate students of Earth science, environmental science, civil engineering, architecture, landscape management, and related fields, this informative guide provides the essential information needed to work effectively with graded land or predict outcomes of precipitation.
Download or read book Toward the Use of Modern Hydrologic Modeling Tools in Paleoclimate Studies written by Cornelia Barth and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, paleoclimatological proxy data such as tree rings, stable isotope data, and shore line dating of pluvial lakes, have been used to reconstruct past climate by means of simple water and energy balances. The lack of spatial and temporal resolution in these often lumped basin-average approaches might preclude the user from taking full advantage of the proxy information, which by nature offer only snapshot views of past conditions. Modern hydrologic modeling tools provide a means to investigate hydrologic system response to past climate conditions in high spatial and temporal resolution. This work presents the application of a spatially distributed monthly water balance model, the U.S. Geological Survey's Thornthwaite model, to explore the link between past climates, paleoclimate proxies, and hydrologic system response in two closed basin-lake systems in the Great Basin. A model calibration strategy is tested on a present-day application to explore modern proxy data that can be useful in calibrating and driving hydrologic models in ungauged watersheds. In two paleo applications, the model is used with proxy data such as shoreline dating and relict tree stumps to investigate how climate and hydrologic conditions in the two systems differed from today's conditions; to evaluate the differences in watershed response to past climate conditions when explored with the traditional lumped water balance approach vs. the spatially and temporally distributed combined water and energy balance model; and to explore specific research questions that would be difficult to answer with a lumped approach.
Download or read book Hydrologic and Hydraulic Modeling Support written by David R. Maidment and published by ESRI, Inc.. This book was released on 2000 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital elevation model issues in water resources modeling - Preparation of DEMs for use in environmental modeling analysis - Source water protection project : a comparison of watershed delineation methods in ARC/INFO and arcView GIS - DEM preprocessing for efficient watershed delineation - Gis tools for HMS modeling support - Hydrologic model of the buffalo bayou using GIS - Development of digital terrain representation for use in river modeling - HEC-GeoRAS : linking GIS to hydraulic analysis using ARC/INFO and HEC-RAS - Floodplain determination using arcView GIS and HEC-RAS - The accuracy and efficiency of GIS-Based floodplain determinations.
Download or read book Hydrologic Modeling System HEC HMS written by David Ford and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Towards Immersive Virtual Environments for GIS Based Hydrologic Modeling written by Hardeep Bajwa and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tools of Geographic Information Systems have become increasingly valuable in hydrologic assessments and play an integral role in decision-making processes for flood prediction and mitigation. On the other hand, a quite distinct activity has been the development of GIS-based simulation modeling and visualization systems including realistic landscape visual simulations. Typically GIS, hydrologic simulation models, and virtual reality technology have been utilized as stand alone problem-solving domains. The increasing availability of high performance computation and visualization tools, offers new opportunities to combine sophisticated GIS modeling tools and emerging immersive visualization and decision support environments. This research describes the development of an interactive environment that utilizes the tools of virtual reality and GIS to enhance spatial hydrologic modeling. More specifically this research involves development and application of an interactive virtual modeling environment for spatially explicit hydrologic modeling in support of flood mitigation and flood management decision-making for the Squaw Creek watershed in central Iowa. The environment contains tools to manipulate and display geospatial data, spatial explicit output flow predicted by the Hydrological Engineering Center's Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and an immersive virtual environment that uses the Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) to increase perception and realism. A component of the study was to develop tools to perform spatial hydrologic modeling in a microcomputer-based three-dimensional virtual environment using a head mounted haptic display. The unique combination of spatially explicit hydrologic models with geospatial and virtual reality visualization tools improves hydrologic analysis of "what-if" land-use and land management options and their hydrological impacts provides an opportunity for rapid assessment of hydrological conditions for improved collaborative environmental decision-making, and enhance the ability of resources planners to navigate and interact with the synthetic landscape environment.
Download or read book Congo Basin Hydrology Climate and Biogeochemistry written by Raphael M. Tshimanga and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-03-22 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New scientific discoveries in the Congo Basin as a result of international collaborations The Congo is the world's second largest river basin and home to 120 million people. Understanding the cycling of water, sediments, and nutrients is important as the region faces climatic and anthropogenic change. Congo Basin Hydrology, Climate, and Biogeochemistry: A Foundation for the Future explores variations in and influences on rainfall, hydrology and hydraulics, and sediment and carbon dynamics. It features contributions from experts in the region and their international collaborators. Volume highlights include: New in-situ and remotely sensed measurements and model results Use of historic data to assess precipitation and hydrologic changes Exploration of water exchange between wetlands and rivers Biogeochemical processes in the Congo's forests and wetlands A scientific foundation for hydrologic resource management in the region Studies from different parts of the Congo river and its adjoining basins This book is available in English and French. The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book in this short video and this article.
Download or read book Toward Improved Assessment of Sources of Uncertainty in Hydrological Modeling written by Newsha Khodatalab Ajami and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrologic Modeling System HEC HMS written by W. Scharffenberg and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
