Download or read book Tooth Enamel Microstructure written by W. von Koenigswald and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enamel, the shiny material covering the teeth of vertebrates is the hardest tissue the vertebrate body can produce and one of the most impressive products of biomineralization. This hard tissue is closely related to feeding, the first part in the energy intake process so basic to vertebrate life. Enamel has a complex internal microstructure full of phylogenetic and biomechanic information. Topics covered: Ontogeny; Crystallite level; Prism level; Enamel type level; Schmelzmuster level; Dentition level; Evolution; Biomechanical level; Glossary.
Download or read book The Microstructure of Reptilian Tooth Enamel written by P. Martin Sander and published by . This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of the enamel microstructure of 43 reptilian taxa reveals great structural variety and complexity. With the exception of the agamid lizard Uromastyx, all taxa have enamel without prisms. Reptilian enamel is thus not comparable to that of the Mammalia. The development of a new terminology was necessary to describe reptilian enamel and to address questions of functional vs. phylogenetic constraints on its microstructure. This new terminology was developed using a similar approach to one developed for mammalian enamel. It is hierarchical and free of amelogenetic or phylogenetic connotations. Starting at the smallest structures, five levels of complexity are recognized: crystallite level, module level, enamel type level, schmelzmuster level, and dentition level. Detailed microstructural analysis of the 43 taxa using the new terminology indicates that phylogenetic constraints are of little significance. Only two higher taxa, advanced ornithopod dinosaurs and the Ichthyosauria, show distinctive enamel synapomorphies. Biomechanical constraints on the internal structure of reptilian enamel are even more difficult to discern. The major factor determining microstructure is enamel surface morphology, i.e. the ridges and wrinkles on the surface of many teeth which presumably are adaptive. Reptilian amelogenesis is largely responsible for the creation of this morphology as the boundary plane between the dentin and the enamel (the EDJ) is smooth and not ridged or wrinkled. The concept of amelogenesis as enamel surface morphogenesis is best illustrated by a comparison of durophagous reptiles. Numerous unrelated groups convergently evolved the typical bulbous tooth shape but each group has an autapomorphic enamel microstructure. Other ecomorphotypes such as ziphodont carnivores exhibit convergent evolution of enamel microstructure. The structures observed raise important questions about reptilian amelogenesis. There certainly is no one-to-one correspondence between structural units and the ameloblast matrix as opposed to the situation in mammals. Such a correspondence has been assumed in the current models of the evolutionary origins of mammalian enamel prisms, and its absence invalidates these models.
Download or read book Dental Enamel written by Derek J. Chadwick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular mechanisms and protein species associated with the mineralization of mature dental enamel are active areas of research. This book focuses on specific areas of research including the structural chemistry, protein biochemistry and genetics of enamel development.
Download or read book Development Function and Evolution of Teeth written by Mark F. Teaford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this field there has been an explosion of information generated by scientific research. One of the beneficiaries of this has been the study of morphology, where new techniques and analyses have led to insights into a wide range of topics. Advances in genetics, histology, microstructure, biomechanics and morphometrics have allowed researchers to view teeth from alternative perspectives. However, there has been little communication between researchers in the different fields of dental research. This book brings together overviews on a wide range of dental topics linking genes, molecules and developmental mechanisms within an evolutionary framework. Written by the leading experts in the field, this book will stimulate co-operative research in fields as diverse as paleontology, molecular biology, developmental biology and functional morphology.
Download or read book An Investigation on the Crack Growth Resistance of Human Tooth Enamel written by Mobin Yahyazadehfar and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enamel of human teeth is generally regarded as a brittle material with low fracture toughness. Consequently, the contributions of this tissue in resisting tooth fracture and the importance of its complex microstructure have been largely overlooked. The primary objective of this dissertation is to characterize the role of enamel's microstructure and degree of decussation on the fracture behavior of human enamel. The importance of the protein content and aging on the fracture toughness of enamel were also explored. Incremental crack growth in sections of human enamel was achieved using a special inset Compact Tension (CT) specimen configuration. Crack extension was achieved in two orthogonal directions, i.e. longitudinal and transverse to the prism axes. Fracture surfaces and the path of crack growth path were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the fundamental mechanisms of crack growth extension. Furthermore, a hybrid approach was adopted to quantify the contribution of toughening mechanisms to the overall toughness.
Download or read book Ten Cate s Oral Histology Pageburst on VitalSource written by Antonio Nanci and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-09-26 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take your understanding to a whole new level with Pageburst digital books on VitalSource! Easy-to-use, interactive features let you make highlights, share notes, run instant topic searches, and so much more. Best of all, with Pageburst, you get flexible online, offline, and mobile access to all your digital books. Understand oral histology and learn to apply your knowledge in the clinical setting with this definitive reference. Updated and enhanced, it provides insight on contemporary research and trends in oral histology, embryology, physiology, oral biology, and postnatal growth and development essential to your success in dentistry! Topics for Consideration boxes present expert perspectives on current trends and encourage additional research. Content outlines provide quick reference to specific topics within chapters. Logical organization enhances your understanding of chapter content and helps you review more effectively. Up-to-date recommended readings direct you to additional sources of relevant information. Concise, user-friendly writing style makes complex concepts easier to grasp. Companion CD includes over 300 multiple choice questions and over 100 labeling exercises that help you assess your comprehension and prepare for Part I of the board exam. Hundreds of full-color illustrations visually acquaint you with the oral structures and microscopic anatomy you'll encounter in dental care. Electronic image collection included on the companion CD is now in full-color, giving you clear, vibrant visual references for convenient study and review.
Download or read book The microstructure of reptilian tooth enamel written by Paul Martin Sander and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship of Enamel Microstructure and Microwear written by Mary Carol Maas and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials written by Besim Ben-Nissan and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials presents a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the latest advances in developing calcium phosphate biomaterials and their applications in medicine. It covers the fundamental structures, synthesis methods, characterization methods, and the physical and chemical properties of calcium phosphate biomaterials, as well as the synthesis and properties of calcium phosphate-based biomaterials in regenerative medicine and their clinical applications. The book brings together these new concepts, mechanisms and methods in contributions by both young and “veteran” academics, clinicians, and researchers to forward the knowledge and expertise on calcium phosphate and related materials. Accordingly, the book not only covers the fundamentals but also open new avenues for meeting future challenges in research and clinical applications. Besim Ben-Nissan is a Professor of Chemistry and Forensic Science at the University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
Download or read book Hypsodonty in Mammals written by Richard H. Madden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the central importance of soil ingestion and earth surface processes in driving the evolution of tooth shape in mammals.
Download or read book Dental Ceramics written by Carlos Bergmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-22 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an introduction to the mechanical behavior and degradation of dental ceramics and guides the reader through their performance under effect of oral environments. It addresses the different kinds of dental ceramics, their properties, degradation and mechanical aspects with less emphasys on the physics and chemistry involved, which makes the reading interesting for beginners in the field. In each chapter, the reader will learn about the mechanical behavior of dental ceramics and each phenomenon involved in their application, besides finding some practical examples of their use in dental clinics, their manufacturing procedures and types of degradation. The clear language and the application-oriented perspective of the book makes it suitable for both professionals and students who want to learn about dental ceramics.
Download or read book The Tales Teeth Tell written by Tanya M. Smith and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What teeth can tell us about human evolution, development, and behavior. Our teeth have intriguing stories to tell. These sophisticated time machines record growth, diet, and evolutionary history as clearly as tree rings map a redwood's lifespan. Each day of childhood is etched into tooth crowns and roots—capturing birth, nursing history, environmental clues, and illnesses. The study of ancient, fossilized teeth sheds light on how our ancestors grew up, how we evolved, and how prehistoric cultural transitions continue to affect humans today. In The Tales Teeth Tell, biological anthropologist Tanya Smith offers an engaging and surprising look at what teeth tell us about the evolution of primates—including our own uniqueness. Humans' impressive set of varied teeth provides a multipurpose toolkit honed by the diet choices of our mammalian ancestors. Fossil teeth, highly resilient because of their substantial mineral content, are all that is left of some long-extinct species. Smith explains how researchers employ painstaking techniques to coax microscopic secrets from these enigmatic remains. Counting tiny daily lines provides a way to estimate age that is more powerful than any other forensic technique. Dental plaque—so carefully removed by dental hygienists today—records our ancestors' behavior and health in the form of fossilized food particles and bacteria, including their DNA. Smith also traces the grisly origins of dentistry, reveals that the urge to pick one's teeth is not unique to humans, and illuminates the age-old pursuit of “dental art.” The book is generously illustrated with original photographs, many in color.
Download or read book Dental Anthropology written by Simon Hillson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accessible and engaging, this is the definitive textbook on using teeth to study the demography and ways of life in ancient human communities. Based on extensive laboratory and field experience, this new edition combines archaeological approaches with new technologies and methodologies, covering the key advances in anatomy, forensics, 3D imaging, stable isotopes, and proteomics. Hillson provides a biological context for teeth, a guide on key skills, an introduction to current debates, and advice for the excavation, conservation and recording of dental remains. He also showcases the microscopic structure of dental tissues alongside methods of age-determination. Discover solutions to problems such as identifying worn, fragmentary human teeth or understanding their condition. This is the ideal reference for advanced courses in anthropology or archaeology, and for everyone interested in dental remains from archaeological sites, museum collections or forensic cases. Online teaching resources include videos of lectures and practicals.
Download or read book Teeth A Very Short Introduction written by Peter S. Ungar and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teeth are amazing - the product of half a billion years of evolution. They provide fuel for the body by breaking apart other living things; and they must do it again and again over a lifetime without themselves being broken in the process. This means that plants and animals have developed tough or hard tissues for protection, and teeth have evolved ways to sharpen or strengthen themselves to overcome those defences. And just as different jobs require different tools, animals with different diets have different shaped teeth to deal with the variety of foods that they eat. In this Very Short Introduction, Peter S. Ungar, an award-winning author and leading scientist, presents the story of teeth. Ungar outlines the key concepts, including insights into the origin of teeth and their evolution. Considering why teeth are important, he describes how they are made, and how they work, including their fundamental importance in the fossil record. Ungar finishes with a review of mammal teeth, looking at how they evolved and how recent changes to our diet are now affecting dental health. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Download or read book The Teeth of Mammalian Vertebrates written by Barry K. B. Berkovitz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-10 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Teeth of Mammalian Vertebrates presents a comprehensive survey of mammalian dentitions that is based on material gathered from museums and research workers from around the world. The teeth are major factors in the success of mammals, and knowledge of tooth form and function is essential in mammalian biology. Illustrated with high-quality color photographs of skulls and dentitions, together with X-rays, CT images and histology, this book reveals the tremendous variety of tooth form and structure in mammals. Written by two internationally-recognized experts in dental anatomy, the book provides an up-to-date account of how teeth are adapted to acquiring and processing food. With its companion volume, this book provides a complete survey of the teeth of vertebrates. It is the ideal resource for students and researchers in zoology, biology, anthropology, archaeology and dentistry. Provides a comprehensive account of mammalian dentitions, together with helpful reading lists Illustrated by 900 high-quality photographs, X-rays, CT scans and histological images from leading researchers and world class museum collection Depicts lateral and occlusal views of the skull and dentition, which conveys a much greater level of morphological detail than line drawings Contains clear-and-concise, up-to-date reviews of the structure and properties of dental tissues, especially the enamel and tooth support system, both of which play vital roles in the functioning of the mammalian dentition
Download or read book What Teeth Reveal about Human Evolution written by Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-22 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the insights that fossil hominin teeth provide about human evolution, linking findings with current debates in palaeoanthropology.
Download or read book Dental Biomechanics written by Arturo N. Natali and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-04-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dental Biomechanics provides a comprehensive, timely, and wide-reaching survey of the relevant aspects of biomechanical investigation within the dental field. Leading the reader through the mechanical analysis of dental problems in dental implants, orthodontics, and natural tooth mechanics, this book covers an increasingly important and popular sub
