Download or read book Tissue Engineering Strategies for Total Disc Replacement written by Marianne Lintz and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is implicated as one of the primary causes of lower back pain (LBP), the leading cause of disability worldwide. This degeneration is characterized by irreversible detrimental changes to the structure of the intervertebral disc (IVD) which then severely impairs its mechanical function in the spine. The gel-like nucleus pulposus (NP) at its core loses its ability to hydrate while damage propagates through the surrounding annulus fibrosus (AF) in the form of tears and lesions, rendering it unable to resist elastic deformation. Current surgical interventions treat the painful symptoms of the disease rather than the underlying causes, providing only a temporary solution. Tissue-engineered (TE) repair strategies have been proposed for the last two decades as a means of preventing disease advancement in the long term, aiming to restore the native disc's structure as well as repair damage to the cell population. While promising, recapitulating the disc's complex fibrous architecture and mechanical behavior represents an enduring challenge in the field, particularly in attempts to scale up to larger animal models for clinical translation.This thesis sought to augment engineered constructs in vitro by investigating the interplay between matrix composition and mechanical behavior, as well as provide mechanical support to constructs for in vivo delivery. In particular, it describes how the manipulation of fiber formation through media glucose content in vitro plays a critical role in governing matrix structure and mechanical integrity (Chapter 1); how these same mechanisms function in a diseased state in vivo to influence the developing disc (Chapter 2); and how providing a supplemental cage structure to immature TE-IVDs can prevent initial displacement and collapse following implantation to eventually ensure successful tissue integration. Collectively, the work presented here offers crucial insight into how to continue the advancement of biologically based TDR strategies towards use in the clinic.

Download or read book Biological Approaches to Spinal Disc Repair and Regeneration for Clinicians written by Roger Haertl and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Top Experts Share Clinical Insights on Biological Interventions for Spine-Related Disease Although there have been significant advancements in minimally invasive spinal surgery techniques in the last few decades, optimal outcomes for chronic low back pain remain elusive. A number of promising clinical trials have been conducted using tissue engineering and biological interventions for disc degeneration. Written by renowned innovators, this is the first book that covers implementation of these groundbreaking approaches for disc disease. The text begins with key fundamentals including anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, imaging and biomechanics to delineate healthy versus diseased spine. Subsequent sections discuss treatment strategies, research findings, and future developments. Throughout each chapter, renowned spine surgeons and scientists share clinical pearls gleaned from hands-on experience. Key Highlights The current state of the art in biological and tissue engineering procedures for spinal disorders Treatment methodologies including nucleus replacement and repair, annulus fibrosus repair, total disc transplantation, and mechanical total disc replacement Innovative treatment strategies for disc regeneration, such as genes and proteins Growth factors including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which has shown promise for the stimulation and acceleration of bone and soft tissue healing Cell-based therapy for spinal disc regeneration and repair including the use of stem cells and chondrocytes In-depth discussion of research including animal versus human model, in-vitro, and a summary of biologic clinical trials This is a must-have resource for trainee and practicing orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons who treat patients for spine-related conditions. It is essential reading for all clinicians who have an interest in cutting-edge tissue engineering and biological treatment interventions.

Download or read book Implementation of Novel Tissue engineering Strategies for Temporomandibular Joint Regeneration written by Natalia Vapniarsky Arzi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter provides evidence that minipig may be an optimal large animal model for human translational TMJ studies. Chapter 3 presents a comprehensive study that accomplishes the following: 1) It identifies a strategy for the development of allogeneic, biomimetic TMJ neotissue from minipig costal chondrocytes, using scaffold-free tissue-engineering and self-assembling process. 2) It addresses an urgent need for development of TMJ disc disease model in a large, skeletally mature animal. 3) It describes a novel strategy for surgical fixation of engineered tissue in the orthotopic environment. 4) It provides salient findings from an in vivo study evaluating the safety and efficacy of the tissue-engineered implants to repair TMJ disc defects in minipigs. Chapter 4 is a concise review discussing dermis as an alternative source of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The chapter first outlines the embryological development of human dermis stressing out the fact that although histologically similar, dermis in distinct anatomic locations has different developmental origin. Further, the chapter covers and compares different strategies utilized by various researchers to isolate and purify the MSC from dermis. Importantly, methods applied widely are evaluated for their accuracy in demonstrating stemness of these cells. The chapter culminates in summarizing applications of dermal MSC for tissue-engineering and regenerative cell therapies currently developed for various human pathologies, and providing future directions that would benefit the field. In summary, this dissertation delineates the cumulative progression of studies providing a successful platform for evaluation of novel tissue-engineering solutions for TMJ disc regeneration. The work begins with a comprehensive review of the disease, advantages, and limitations of the current treatment modalities and culminates in the demonstration of a novel strategy for disc regeneration in vivo. This work provides a solid foundation for future assessment of regenerative strategies directed at more advanced degenerative states of TMJ disc or larger, full thickness perforations. Furthermore, this platform can be optimized for regeneration of other fibrocartilaginous structures, such as the meniscus of the stifle joint and intervertebral disc.

Download or read book Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration written by Naznin Sultana and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration addresses the existing and future trends of tissue engineering approaches for organ/tissue regeneration or repair. This book provides a comprehensive summary of the recent improvement of biomaterials used in scaffold-based tissue engineering, and the tools and different protocols needed to design tissues and organs. The chapters in this book provide the in-depth principles for many of the supporting and enabling technologies including the applications of BioMEMS devices in tissue engineering, and the combination of organoid formation and three dimensional (3D) bioprinting. The book also highlights the advances and strategies for regeneration of three-dimensional microtissues in microcapsules, tissue reconstruction techniques, and injectable composite scaffolds for bone tissue repair and augmentation. Key Features: Addresses the current obstacles to tissue engineering applications Provides the latest improvements in the field of integrated biomaterials and fabrication techniques for scaffold-based tissue engineering Shows the influence of microenvironment towards cell-biomaterials interactions Highlights significant and recent improvements of tissue engineering applications for the artificial organ and tissue generation Describes the applications of microelectronic devices in tissue engineering Describes different current bioprinting technologies

Download or read book Advances In Tissue Engineering written by Julia M Polak and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008-08-20 with total page 947 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Tissue Engineering is a unique volume and the first of its kind to bring together leading names in the field of tissue engineering and stem cell research. A relatively young science, tissue engineering can be seen in both scientific and sociological contexts and successes in the field are now leading to clinical reality. This book attempts to define the path from basic science to practical application. A contribution from the UK Stem Cell Bank and opinions of venture capitalists offer a variety of viewpoints, and exciting new areas of stem cell biology are highlighted. With over fifty stellar contributors, this book presents the most up-to-date information in this very topical and exciting field./a

Download or read book Multiscale and Multimodal Structure Function Analysis of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Regeneration written by Beth Gayle Ashinsky and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and associated back pain place a significant burden on the population. IVD degeneration is a progressive cascade of cellular, compositional and structural changes, which results in a loss of disc height, disorganization of extracellular matrix architecture, herniation of the nucleus pulposus (NP), tears in the annulus fibrosus (AF), and remodeling of the boney and cartilaginous endplates. These changes often occur concomitantly, making it difficult to determine which factor initiates degeneration. Furthermore, assessment of the subcomponents and interfacial regions of the IVD have been largely qualitative to date, and the changes that occur at this length scale with degeneration are not yet well understood. This poor understanding of disease etiology hinders the development of therapies to restore native structure and function of the IVD, and so, current clinical treatments are focused on alleviation of symptoms rather than focused regeneration. As such, tissue engineering provides a promising treatment option and has the potential to restore both the structure and function of the native disc. The overall goal of this thesis is to establish quantitative microscale and macroscale outcomes that define the spectrum of degeneration and to inform regeneration. In Aim 1, we developed a quantitative dataset of the structural and functional features of degeneration over time in an in vivo rabbit model and identified the primary contributors to disc degeneration using a machine learning approach. We found that puncture acutely compromised disc macro and microscale mechanics, followed by progressive AF stiffening and remodeling. These dynamic changes were accompanied by increases in endplate bone volume fraction, increases in microscale stiffness of the soft tissue interfaces between the disc and vertebral bone, and reductions in endplate vascularity and small molecule transport into the disc as a function of degenerative state. Notably, our neural network model identified changes in diffusion into the disc (a measurement of disc nutrition) as the most significant predictor of disc degeneration. In order to extend the translatability of this animal model, we employed similar multimodal analyses in Aim 2, using human cadaveric spines of differing degenerative states. We observed widespread multiscale alterations to the IVD, endplates, bone, and whole motion segment. Interestingly, and in contrast to the rabbit model, we observed motion segment softening and endplate resorption with degeneration. We discerned several correlations between the quantitative variables, particularly between IVD and endplate measurements, suggesting crosstalk between these tissues during degeneration. To address a potential treatment strategy for end-stage degeneration, we sought to advance and optimize the composition and mechanics of a tissue-engineered whole disc replacement (DAPS). Our findings from Aims 1 & 2 indicated that AF structural integrity and micromechanical properties are severely affected during degeneration, and as such, in Aim 3, we included a soluble polymer into the AF region of the DAPS to promote cell ingress and improve matrix distribution. This modification better approximated native micro- and macro-mechanical properties of the DAPS, cellular colonization, and matrix elaboration, in the in vitro and vivo environments. Overall, the results from this Thesis identify the most significant contributors to disc degeneration, and advance new treatment strategies towards clinical use.

Download or read book Handbook of Spine Technology written by Boyle C. Cheng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is the most authoritative and up-to-date reference on spine technology written for practitioners, researchers, and students in bioengineering and clinical medicine. It is the first resource to provide a road map of both the history of the field and its future by documenting the poor clinical outcomes and failed spinal implants that contributed to problematic patient outcomes, as well as the technologies that are currently leading the way towards positive clinical outcomes. The contributors are leading authorities in the fields of engineering and clinical medicine and represent academia, industry, and international government and regulatory agencies. The chapters are split into five sections, with the first addressing clinical issues such as anatomy, pathology, oncology, trauma, diagnosis, and imaging studies. The second section, on biomechanics, delves into fixation devices, the bone implant interface, total disc replacements, injury mechanics, and more. The last three sections, on technology, are divided into materials, commercialized products, and surgery. All appropriate chapters will be continually updated and available on the publisher’s website, in order to keep this important reference as up-to-date as possible in a fast-moving field.

Download or read book Principles of Tissue Engineering written by Robert Lanza and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-26 with total page 1679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fifth edition, Principles of Tissue Engineering has been the definite resource in the field of tissue engineering for more than a decade. The fifth edition provides an update on this rapidly progressing field, combining the prerequisites for a general understanding of tissue growth and development, the tools and theoretical information needed to design tissues and organs, as well as a presentation by the world's experts of what is currently known about each specific organ system. As in previous editions, this book creates a comprehensive work that strikes a balance among the diversity of subjects that are related to tissue engineering, including biology, chemistry, material science, and engineering, among others, while also emphasizing those research areas that are likely to be of clinical value in the future. This edition includes greatly expanded focus on stem cells, including induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, stem cell niches, and blood components from stem cells. This research has already produced applications in disease modeling, toxicity testing, drug development, and clinical therapies. This up-to-date coverage of stem cell biology and the application of tissue-engineering techniques for food production – is complemented by a series of new and updated chapters on recent clinical experience in applying tissue engineering, as well as a new section on the emerging technologies in the field. - Organized into twenty-three parts, covering the basics of tissue growth and development, approaches to tissue and organ design, and a summary of current knowledge by organ system - Introduces a new section and chapters on emerging technologies in the field - Full-color presentation throughout

Download or read book Tissue Engineering in Regenerative Medicine written by Harold S. Bernstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-28 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, significant advances in the fields of stem cell biology, bioengineering, and animal models have converged on the discipline of regenerative medicine. Significant progress has been made leading from pre-clinical studies through phase 3 clinical trials for some therapies. This volume provides a state-of-the-art report on tissue engineering toward the goals of tissue and organ restoration and regeneration. Examples from different organ systems illustrate progress with growth factors to assist in tissue remodeling; the capacity of stem cells for restoring damaged tissues; novel synthetic biomaterials to facilitate cell therapy; transplantable tissue patches that preserve three-dimensional structure; synthetic organs generated in culture; aspects of the immune response to transplanted cells and materials; and suitable animal models for non-human clinical trials. The chapters of this book are organized into six sections: Stem Cells, Biomaterials and the Extracellular Environment, Engineered Tissue, Synthetic Organs, Immune Response, and Animal Models. Each section is intended to build upon information presented in the previous chapters, and set the stage for subsequent sections. Throughout the chapters, the reader will observe a common theme of basic discovery informing clinical translation, and clinical studies in animals and humans guiding subsequent experiments at the bench.

Download or read book Computational Biomechanics written by Kozaburo Hayashi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of readily available computing power and progress in numerical techniques has made nonlinear systems - the kind that only a few years ago were ignored as too complex - open to analysis for the first time. Now realistic models of living systems incorporating the nonlinear variation and anisotropic nature of physical properties can be solved numerically on modern computers to give realistically usable results. This has opened up new and exciting possibilities for the fusing of ideas from physiology and engineering in the burgeoning new field that is biomechanics. Computational Biomechanics presents pioneering work focusing on the areas of orthopedic and circulatory mechanics, using experimental results to confirm or improve the relevant mathematical models and parameters. Together with two companion volumes, Biomechanics: Functional Adaptation and Remodeling and the Data Book on Mechanical Properties of Living Cells, Tissues, and Organs, this monograph will prove invaluable to those working in fields ranging from medical science and clinical medicine to biomedical engineering and applied mechanics.

Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Regeneration written by Benjamin Gantenbein and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a brief snapshot of recent research on the subject of intervertebral disc degeneration and how this specific organ could be regenerated. It provides stimuli to the reader in representing research from different angles in this cross-disciplinary field of spine surgeons, mechanical engineers and biologists. In particular, it is instructive as to how disc herniations could be successfully induced in vitro and, also, to how novel cell-based therapies using rare autochthonous stem cells could potentially be used in the future.

Download or read book Advances in Regenerative Medicine Role of Nanotechnology and Engineering Principles written by Venkatram Prasad Shastri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-14 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on “Nanoengineered Systems for Regenerative Medicine” that was organized under the auspices of the NATO Security through Science Program. I would like to thank NATO for supporting this workshop via a grant to the co-directors. The objective of ARW was to explore the various facets of regenerative me- cine and to highlight role of the “the nano-length scale” and “nano-scale systems” in defining and controlling cell and tissue environments. The development of novel tissue regenerative strategies require the integration of new insights emerging from studies of cell-matrix interactions, cellular signalling processes, developmental and systems biology, into biomaterials design, via a systems approach. The chapters in the book, written by the leading experts in their respective disciplines, cover a wide spectrum of topics ranging from stem cell biology, developmental biology, ce- matrix interactions, and matrix biology to surface science, materials processing and drug delivery. We hope the contents of the book will provoke the readership into developing regenerative medicine paradigms that combine these facets into cli- cally translatable solutions. This NATO meeting would not have been successful without the timely help of Dr. Ulrike Shastri, Sanjeet Rangarajan and Ms. Sabine Benner, who assisted in the organization and implementation of various elements of this meeting. Thanks are also due Dr. Fausto Pedrazzini and Ms. Alison Trapp at NATO HQ (Brussels, Belgium). The commitment and persistence of Ms.

Download or read book Handbook of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Volume Two written by Masoud Mozafari and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Volume Two provides a comprehensive and authoritative review on recent advancements in the application and use of composite scaffolds in tissue engineering. Chapters focus on specific tissue/organ (mostly on the structure and anatomy), the materials used for treatment, natural composite scaffolds, synthetic composite scaffolds, fabrication techniques, innovative materials and approaches for scaffolds preparation, host response to the scaffolds, challenges and future perspectives, and more. Bringing all the information together in one major reference, the authors systematically review and summarize recent research findings, thus providing an in-depth understanding of scaffold use in different body systems. - Dedicated to the specialist topic of composite scaffolds, featuring all human body systems - Covers basic fundamentals and advanced clinical applications - Includes up-to-date information on preparation methodology and characterization techniques - Highlights clinical data and case studies

Download or read book Principles of Regenerative Medicine written by Anthony Atala and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 1203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtually any disease that results from malfunctioning, damaged, or failing tissues may be potentially cured through regenerative medicine therapies, by either regenerating the damaged tissues in vivo, or by growing the tissues and organs in vitro and implanting them into the patient. Principles of Regenerative Medicine discusses the latest advances in technology and medicine for replacing tissues and organs damaged by disease and of developing therapies for previously untreatable conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, and renal failure. - Key for all researchers and instituions in Stem Cell Biology, Bioengineering, and Developmental Biology - The first of its kind to offer an advanced understanding of the latest technologies in regenerative medicine - New discoveries from leading researchers on restoration of diseased tissues and organs

Download or read book Developmental Biology and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering written by Martin J. Stoddart and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental Biology and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering: Principles and Applications focuses on the regeneration of orthopedic tissue, drawing upon expertise from developmental biologists specializing in orthopedic tissues and tissue engineers who have used and applied developmental biology approaches. Musculoskeletal tissues have an inherently poor repair capacity, and thus biologically-based treatments that can recapitulate the native tissue properties are desirable. Cell- and tissue-based therapies are gaining ground, but basic principles still need to be addressed to ensure successful development of clinical treatments. Written as a source of information for practitioners and those with a nascent interest, it provides background information and state-of-the-art solutions and technologies. Recent developments in orthopedic tissue engineering have sought to recapitulate developmental processes for tissue repair and regeneration, and such developmental-biology based approaches are also likely to be extremely amenable for use with more primitive stem cells. - Brings the fields of tissue engineering and developmental biology together to explore the potential for regenerative medicine-based research to contribute to enhanced clinical outcomes - Initial chapters provide an outline of the development of the musculoskeletal system in general, and later chapters focus on specific tissues - Addresses the effect of mechanical forces on the musculoskeletal system during development and the relevance of these processes to tissue engineering - Discusses the role of genes in the development of musculoskeletal tissues and their potential use in tissue engineering - Describes how developmental biology is being used to influence and guide tissue engineering approaches for cartilage, bone, disc, and tendon repair

Download or read book Comprehensive Biomaterials II written by Kevin Healy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 4865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Biomaterials II, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set brings together the myriad facets of biomaterials into one expertly-written series of edited volumes. Articles address the current status of nearly all biomaterials in the field, their strengths and weaknesses, their future prospects, appropriate analytical methods and testing, device applications and performance, emerging candidate materials as competitors and disruptive technologies, research and development, regulatory management, commercial aspects, and applications, including medical applications. Detailed coverage is given to both new and emerging areas and the latest research in more traditional areas of the field. Particular attention is given to those areas in which major recent developments have taken place. This new edition, with 75% new or updated articles, will provide biomedical scientists in industry, government, academia, and research organizations with an accurate perspective on the field in a manner that is both accessible and thorough. Reviews the current status of nearly all biomaterials in the field by analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, performance, and future prospects Covers all significant emerging technologies in areas such as 3D printing of tissues, organs and scaffolds, cell encapsulation; multimodal delivery, cancer/vaccine - biomaterial applications, neural interface understanding, materials used for in situ imaging, and infection prevention and treatment Effectively describes the many modern aspects of biomaterials from basic science, to clinical applications

Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Phuc Van Pham and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Isolation, Characterization, and Applications thoroughly presents the isolation, characterization, and some applications of mesenchymal stem cells in the clinic. The book has two parts: "Isolation and Characterization" and "Clinical Perspectives and Applications." In Part I, the subsequent chapters introduce some techniques in isolation, characterization, and purification of mesenchymal stem cells in different tissues. In Part II, some applications of mesenchymal stem cells in the popular diseases, which include cartilage regeneration, spinal cord injury, and osteoarthritis, are discussed. This book provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of mesenchymal stem cells for advanced students, graduate students, and researchers.