Download or read book Time Synchronization in Distributed Systems Without a Central Clock written by Takin Tadayon and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time synchronization and a common understanding of the concept of time is an essential and important aspect of modern computing. Among the drawbacks of current and popular methods, such as the Network Time Protocol, (NTP), or the Precision Time Protocol, (PTP), are the need for live synchronization, and the use of a central reference clock. While these methods are ideal in an environment with constant, uninterruptible, and reliable internet connection, they may prove impracticable in a number of scenarios including Internet of Things (IoT) devices. In cases where there is no access to a central clock, or where the accuracy of two clocks is paramount yet there exists no reliable network access, new methods for synchronization are needed. Our proposed method utilizes existing hardware, without the need for onerous algorithms, in order to establish time-accuracy between two devices. The method effectively establishes a master-slave relationship between two computers, and endeavors to find the difference in time between the two devices, over a period of time. This reduces the reliance on constant, and on-going connection to a central clock. Further, in cases where methods such as NTP, or PTP may be preferred, our proposed solution can bolster those protocols.
Download or read book Clock synchronization in distributed systems a comparison written by Harald Bachner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-03-01 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Computer Science - Technical Computer Science, grade: 1,0, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Vienna (Informations- und Kommunikationssysteme), language: English, abstract: Clock synchronization is a necessary and critical part in most distributed systems. For many years NTP was the state-of-the-art way of synchronizing computer clocks distributed in space. However, as recent advances in miniaturization lead to the construction of smaller, more powerful and less power consuming computers, embedded devices, sensors and actuators, the need for more precise time synchronization grew. This work thus sets out to compare selected approaches to clock synchronization in distributed systems. The well known Global Positioning System is disseminating accurate time and frequency information from the International Institutes that keep the time, NTP can still do the same, but at different levels of accuracy as well as cost. Clock synchronization protocols like IEEE1588 or TTP and bus architectures like FlexRay evolved from the need to further propagate the timing information within small networks and therefore staying within the specified limits of preciseness.
Download or read book Clock Synchronization in Distributed Systems a Comparison written by Harald Bachner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-07-26 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Computer Science - Technical Computer Science, grade: 1,0, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Vienna (Informations- und Kommunikationssysteme), 29 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Clock synchronization is a necessary and critical part in most distributed systems. For many years NTP was the state-of-the-art way of synchronizing computer clocks distributed in space. However, as recent advances in miniaturization lead to the construction of smaller, more powerful and less power consuming computers, embedded devices, sensors and actuators, the need for more precise time synchronization grew. This work thus sets out to compare selected approaches to clock synchronization in distributed systems. The well known Global Positioning System is disseminating accurate time and frequency information from the International Institutes that keep the time, NTP can still do the same, but at different levels of accuracy as well as cost. Clock synchronization protocols like IEEE1588 or TTP and bus architectures like FlexRay evolved from the need to further propagate the timing information within small networks and therefore staying within the specified limits of preciseness.
Download or read book Information Technologies and Intelligent Decision Making Systems written by Arthur Gibadullin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-09 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes selected papers presented at the First International Scientific and Practical Conference on Information Technologies and Intelligent Decision Making Systems, ITIDMS 2021, held as Virtual Event in January, 2021. The 13 presented papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 41 submissions. The conference was held with the aim of summarizing international experience in the field of information, digital and intellectual development, within which proposals were formulated for digital and information transformation, the development of computer models, information technologies, automated and computing processes. A distinctive feature of the conference is that it presented reports of authors from China, Uzbekistan, Lebanon, Poland, Kazakhstan, Bulgaria and Russia. Researchers from different countries presented the process of transition of the information and digital path of development, presented the main directions and developments that can improve the efficiency and development.
Download or read book Principles of Distributed Systems written by Marina Papatriantafilou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-08-16 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems, OPODIS 2003, held at La Martinique, French West Indies in December 2003. The 19 revised full papers presented together with abstracts of 3 invited talks were carefully selected from 61 submissions during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are organized in topical sections on distributed and multiprocessor algorithms; peer-to peer systems and middleware; real-time and embedded systems; and verification, modeling, and performance of distributed systems.
Download or read book Computer Network Time Synchronization written by David L. Mills and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carefully coordinated, reliable, and accurate time synchronization is vital to a wide spectrum of fields—from air and ground traffic control, to buying and selling goods and services, to TV network programming. Ill-gotten time could even lead to the unimaginable and cause DNS caches to expire, leaving the entire Internet to implode on the root servers. Written by the original developer of the Network Time Protocol (NTP), Computer Network Time Synchronization: The Network Time Protocol on Earth and in Space, Second Edition addresses the technological infrastructure of time dissemination, distribution, and synchronization—specifically the architecture, protocols, and algorithms of the NTP. This system has been active in one form or another for almost three decades on the Internet and numerous private networks on the nether side of firewalls. Just about everything today that can be connected to a network wire has support for NTP. This book: Describes the principal components of an NTP client and how it works with redundant servers and diverse network paths Provides an in-depth description of cryptographic and other critical algorithms Presents an overview of the engineering principles guiding network configuration Evaluating historic events that have taken place since computer network timekeeping started almost three decades ago, the author details a number of systems and drivers for current radio, satellites, and telephone modem dissemination and explains how we reckon the time, according to the stars and atoms. The original 16 chapters of the first edition have been rewritten, updated, and enhanced with new material. Four new chapters cover new algorithms and previously uncovered concepts, including timekeeping in space missions. Praise for the first edition: "... For those that need an exhaustive tome on all of the minutiae related to NTP and synchronization, this is the source. ... definitive ... this book should be considered the last word on the topic." —Ben Rothke on Slashdot.org "... the bible of the subject... contains enough information to take you just as far as you want to go....Dr. Mills is the original developer of NTP." —Books On-Line
Download or read book A Self Stabilizing Distributed Clock Synchronization Protocol for Arbitrary Digraphs written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-14 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a self-stabilizing distributed clock synchronization protocol in the absence of faults in the system. It is focused on the distributed clock synchronization of an arbitrary, non-partitioned digraph ranging from fully connected to 1-connected networks of nodes while allowing for differences in the network elements. This protocol does not rely on assumptions about the initial state of the system, other than the presence of at least one node, and no central clock or a centrally generated signal, pulse, or message is used. Nodes are anonymous, i.e., they do not have unique identities. There is no theoretical limit on the maximum number of participating nodes. The only constraint on the behavior of the node is that the interactions with other nodes are restricted to defined links and interfaces. We present an outline of a deductive proof of the correctness of the protocol. A model of the protocol was mechanically verified using the Symbolic Model Verifier (SMV) for a variety of topologies. Results of the mechanical proof of the correctness of the protocol are provided. The model checking results have verified the correctness of the protocol as they apply to the networks with unidirectional and bidirectional links. In addition, the results confirm the claims of determinism and linear convergence. As a result, we conjecture that the protocol solves the general case of this problem. We also present several variations of the protocol and discuss that this synchronization protocol is indeed an emergent system. NASA/TM-2011-217054, L-19976, NF1676L-12041 Malekpour, Mahyar R. Langley Research Center
Download or read book A Model based Approach to Clock Synchronization in Distributed Systems written by Joydeep Ganguly and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stabilization Safety and Security of Distributed Systems written by Ajoy K. Datta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, SSS 2006, held in Dallas, TX, USA in November 2006. The 36 revised full papers and 12 revised short papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 2 invited lectures address all aspects of self-stabilization, safety and security, recovery oriented systems and programming.
Download or read book Stabilization Safety and Security of Distributed Systems written by Andréa W. Richa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-09-28 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, SSS 2012, held in Toronto, Canada, in October 2012. The 21 full papers and 10 brief announcements presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 75 submissions. The conference provides a wide spectrum of topics, covered in the following tracks: self-stabilization, ad-hoc and sensor networks, fault-tolerance and dependable systems, safety and security, cloud computing, formal methods, social networks, peer-to-peer, self-organizing and autonomic systems.
Download or read book Model Checking a Self Stabilizing Distributed Clock Synchronization Protocol for Arbitrary Digraphs written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-13 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the mechanical verification of a self-stabilizing distributed clock synchronization protocol for arbitrary digraphs in the absence of faults. This protocol does not rely on assumptions about the initial state of the system, other than the presence of at least one node, and no central clock or a centrally generated signal, pulse, or message is used. The system under study is an arbitrary, non-partitioned digraph ranging from fully connected to 1-connected networks of nodes while allowing for differences in the network elements. Nodes are anonymous, i.e., they do not have unique identities. There is no theoretical limit on the maximum number of participating nodes. The only constraint on the behavior of the node is that the interactions with other nodes are restricted to defined links and interfaces. This protocol deterministically converges within a time bound that is a linear function of the self-stabilization period. Malekpour, Mahyar R. Langley Research Center NASA/TM-2011-217152, L-20029, NF1676L-12772
Download or read book Distributed Systems written by Ratan K. Ghosh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-02-07 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributed Systems Comprehensive textbook resource on distributed systems—integrates foundational topics with advanced topics of contemporary importance within the field Distributed Systems: Theory and Applications is organized around three layers of abstractions: networks, middleware tools, and application framework. It presents data consistency models suited for requirements of innovative distributed shared memory applications. The book also focuses on distributed processing of big data, representation of distributed knowledge and management of distributed intelligence via distributed agents. To aid in understanding how these concepts apply to real-world situations, the work presents a case study on building a P2P Integrated E-Learning system. Downloadable lecture slides are included to help professors and instructors convey key concepts to their students. Additional topics discussed in Distributed Systems: Theory and Applications include: Network issues and high-level communication tools Software tools for implementations of distributed middleware. Data sharing across distributed components through publish and subscribe-based message diffusion, gossip protocol, P2P architecture and distributed shared memory. Consensus, distributed coordination, and advanced middleware for building large distributed applications Distributed data and knowledge management Autonomy in distributed systems, multi-agent architecture Trust in distributed systems, distributed ledger, Blockchain and related technologies. Researchers, industry professionals, and students in the fields of science, technology, and medicine will be able to use Distributed Systems: Theory and Applications as a comprehensive textbook resource for understanding distributed systems, the specifics behind the modern elements which relate to them, and their practical applications.
Download or read book A Byzantine Fault Tolerant Self Stabilizing Protocol for Distributed Clock Synchronization Systems written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedded distributed systems have become an integral part of safety-critical computing applications, necessitating system designs that incorporate fault tolerant clock synchronization in order to achieve ultra-reliable assurance levels. Many efficient clock synchronization protocols do not, however, address Byzantine failures, and most protocols that do tolerate Byzantine failures do not self-stabilize. Of the Byzantine self-stabilizing clock synchronization algorithms that exist in the literature, they are based on either unjustifiably strong assumptions about initial synchrony of the nodes or on the existence of a common pulse at the nodes. The Byzantine self-stabilizing clock synchronization protocol presented here does not rely on any assumptions about the initial state of the clocks. Furthermore, there is neither a central clock nor an externally generated pulse system. The proposed protocol converges deterministically, is scalable, and self-stabilizes in a short amount of time. The convergence time is linear with respect to the self-stabilization period. Proofs of the correctness of the protocol as well as the results of formal verification efforts are reported.
Download or read book Clock Synchronization in Distributed Systems written by Martin Horauer and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur. This book was released on 2009 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A system-wide global time base with known precision is frequently of pivotal importance for the design and operation of distributed systems and services. The requirements and the large scale often demand a high-precision below the microsecond-range. The IEEE-1588 standard addresses these issues and proposes ways for a suitable implementation. Complementing these solutions, an alternative architecture for network interfaces and networked devices is proposed that renders a worst-case precision in the 100 ns-range possible. Furthermore, an analysis and an experimental evaluation reveals actual values for the worst-case precision that might be achieved.
Download or read book NASA Tech Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distributed Systems written by Sukumar Ghosh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most applications in distributed computing center around a set of common subproblems. Distributed Systems: An Algorithmic Approach presents the algorithmic issues and necessary background theory that are needed to properly understand these challenges. Achieving a balance between theory and practice, this book bridges the gap betwee
Download or read book Software Engineer s Reference Book written by John A McDermid and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software Engineer's Reference Book provides the fundamental principles and general approaches, contemporary information, and applications for developing the software of computer systems. The book is comprised of three main parts, an epilogue, and a comprehensive index. The first part covers the theory of computer science and relevant mathematics. Topics under this section include logic, set theory, Turing machines, theory of computation, and computational complexity. Part II is a discussion of software development methods, techniques and technology primarily based around a conventional view of the software life cycle. Topics discussed include methods such as CORE, SSADM, and SREM, and formal methods including VDM and Z. Attention is also given to other technical activities in the life cycle including testing and prototyping. The final part describes the techniques and standards which are relevant in producing particular classes of application. The text will be of great use to software engineers, software project managers, and students of computer science.
