Download or read book Tide and Wave generated Sediment Transport in a Shallow Tidal Channel and Adjacent Tidal Flat written by Alyson Day and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Tidal Sedimentology written by Richard A. Davis Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive, contemporary review of tidal environments and deposits. Individual chapters, each written by world-class experts, cover the full spectrum of coastal, shallow-marine and even deep-marine settings where tidal action influences or controls sediment movement and deposition. Both siliciclastic and carbonate deposits are covered. Various chapters examine the dynamics of sediment transport by tides, and the morphodynamics of tidal systems. Several chapters explore the occurrence of tidal deposits in the stratigraphic context of entire sedimentary basins. This book is essential reading for both coastal geologists and managers, and geologists interested in extracting hydrocarbons from complex tidal successions.
Download or read book Intertidal Deposits written by Eisma Doeke and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intertidal Deposits: River Mouths, Tidal Flats, and Coastal Lagoons combines the authors personal and professional experience with the mass of available literature to present a cohesive overview of intertidal deposits and the widely diverse conditions of their formation worldwide. This includes the strong influence of water movements, climate, sediment particle characteristics, vegetation, fauna, and man. Intertidal areas are important for many reasons both scientifically and economically and recently, a growing concern for conservation of these fragile regions strives to preserve and protect their natural balance. This book, written by an international expert in the field, concentrates on the more important intertidal areas distinguished by size and morphology, tidal range, the degree and type of vegetational cover, the amount and type of benthic fauna, the extent of human exploitation, and the degree of previous study.
Download or read book Sediment Dynamics in Tidal Environments Spanning a Range of Fluvial Influence written by Daniel J. Nowacki and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A full understanding of the transport of sediment from terrestrial source to marine sink requires knowledge of dynamics in a multitude of intermediate environments with both fluvial and marine influences. Two of these environments, tidal flats and tidal rivers, are dramatically different in scale and setting but are unified by common sedimentary processes. This dissertation presents observations of flow and sediment transport on the tidal flats of Willapa Bay, Washington, USA; tidal channels along the tidal floodplain of the Amazon River, Brazil; and the mainstem of the tidal Mekong River, Vietnam. These three study sites are ideal locations to improve understanding of where, when, and how the annual worldwide total of 13 billion metric tons of sediment is delivered from land to ocean. The muddy tidal flats of southern Willapa Bay, Washington are tidally dominated and receive little direct freshwater input. Observations in channels of different size and their adjacent flats illustrate the hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics of each morphological setting under a range of seasonal and meteorological conditions, including rain and wind events. Interaction between the morphology of the channel/flat complex and tidal water-level variations produces well-defined velocity pulses during both flooding and ebbing tides. These pulses represent about 27% of the total along-channel water transport and 35% of the suspended-sediment transport of the system. Wind alters the typical flow regime in channels and on the flat, increasing the over-flat ebb flow in this study location while decreasing the ebb-pulse intensity. Wind speed was positively correlated with background suspended-sediment concentration (SSC). Residual along-channel water transport in channels and on nearby flats was flood dominant under all seasonal conditions sampled. Sediment flux was flood dominant during winter and spring deployments. In contrast to channels incising the Willapa flats, the channels connecting the mainstem Amazon River to its tidal floodplain have considerably more fluvial influence. Water level, flow velocity, temperature, and SSC were measured in floodplain channels along the tidal Amazon River, Brazil. Eleven deployments were made at four locations during low, rising, high, and falling seasonal river level. These observations are the first of their kind on the Amazon. In nearly all cases, tidal channels import water with high SSC from the mainstem to the tidal floodplain on flood tides and export water with low SSC back to the mainstem on ebb tides. The importance of sediment resuspension in transferring sediment to the tidal floodplain decreases with distance from the mainstem river mouth. Overbank flow in strongly tidal regions is an important characteristic of the flow regime and is controlled both by the seasonal water level and tidal conditions. A synthesis of the observations indicates that tidal-floodplain channels are important conduits of water and sediment along the tidal river, and a measurable but small percentage of the total mainstem water and sediment discharge is exchanged with the tidal floodplain. Export of sediment from intertidal environments, such as tidal-floodplain channels, to the coastal ocean is strongly influenced by mainstem tidal-river dynamics. Flow velocity, salinity, and SSC were measured for 25 hours at three cross-sections in the tidal Song Hau distributary of the Mekong River, Vietnam. Estuarine conditions varied dramatically between high and low seasonal discharge periods. The system transitioned from a tidal river with an ephemerally present salt wedge during high flow to a partially mixed estuary during low flow. The changing freshwater input, sediment sources, and estuarine conditions resulted in sediment export during high flow and import during low flow. The Dinh An channel of the Song Hau distributary exported sediment to the coast at a rate of about 1 t/s during high flow and imported sediment in a spatially varying manner at approximately 0.3 t/s during low flow. These values scale to a yearly sediment discharge of 40 Mt/y for the entire Mekong River, about 65% less than a generally accepted estimate of 110 Mt/y. Fluvial advection of sediment was primarily responsible for the high-flow sediment export, while exchange-flow and tidal processes, including local resuspension, were principally responsible for the low-flow import. The resulting bed-sediment grain size was coarser and more variable during high flow and finer during low flow. The residual flow patterns supported the maintenance of mid-channel islands.
Download or read book Estuarine and Coastal Hydrography and Sediment Transport written by R. J. Uncles and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-17 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to the latest techniques to measure sediments, seabed, water and transport mechanisms in estuaries and coastal waters. Covering a broad range of topics, enough background is included to explain how each technology functions. A review of recent fieldwork experiments demonstrates how modern methods apply in real-life scenarios.
Download or read book Suspended Sediment Transport Processes on a Wave exposed Tidal Flat in the Southern Firth of Thames written by Jordi Tablada and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediment accumulation rates in New Zealand estuaries have increased ten-fold following large-scale catchment deforestation that began in the mid-1800s. This increased sedimentation has led to rapidly prograding shorelines such as occur in the southern Firth of Thames (Waikato, North Island). Intertidal flats have been progressively colonised by mangroves since the early 1960s as the flats accrete above mean sea level and today mangroves occupy a 1 km-wide zone for former sand flat in the upper intertidal. Field data from an instrumented transect containing 5 sites (site 1 being the most landward and site 5 the most seaward) and spanning from the fringe of the mangrove forest, across the intertidal mudflats into the shallow subtidal waters of the Firth are used to analyse the sediments dynamics of the present-day mudflats. Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) values driven by waves and tides appeared to progressively increase from offshore to onshore as the water depth decreased. Detailed analysis of environmental variables during both calm conditions and an episodic, storm event showed a correlation between SSC and estimated significant wave height and peak period although SSC values remained non-negligible across the transect even in fair weather. Analysis of hydrodynamic measurements (e.g., current speed) allowed to infer sediment fluxes across the flat over calm and windy intervals. Results indicate a constant sediment flux seaward at site 1, while the tidal cycle dominates the fluxes at the rest of the sites. Storm conditions favour the advection of sediment seawards as the current peaks during the ebb tide, while calm conditions tend to favour onshore-directed fluxes. In the deeper waters of the transect, flux magnitudes registered during the storm event were greater than the aggregate of those registered during the rest of the experiment under calmer conditions, resulting in offshore net fluxes at site 5. Onshore net fluxes at sites 2 3 and 4, combined with the offshore flux at site 1, provide the basis for a new hypothesis of how the intertidal might be accreting; a prograding bar near the fringe of the forest that progressively moves seawards.
Download or read book Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-03-06 with total page 4604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of estuaries and coasts has seen enormous growth in recent years, since changes in these areas have a large effect on the food chain, as well as on the physics and chemistry of the ocean. As the coasts and river banks around the world become more densely populated, the pressure on these ecosystems intensifies, putting a new focus on environmental, socio-economic and policy issues. Written by a team of international expert scientists, under the guidance of Chief Editors Eric Wolanski and Donald McClusky, the Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Ten Volume Set examines topics in depth, and aims to provide a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Most up-to-date reference for system-based coastal and estuarine science and management, from the inland watershed to the ocean shelf Chief editors have assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Approach focuses on the physical, biological, chemistry, ecosystem, human, ecological and economics processes, to show how to best use multidisciplinary science to ensure earth's sustainability Provides a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Features up-to-date chapters covering a full range of topics
Download or read book Fluvial Tidal Sedimentology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluvial-Tidal Sedimentology provides information on the 'Tidal-Fluvial Transition', the transition zone between river and tidal environments, and includes contributions that address some of the most fundamental research questions, including how the morphology of the tidal-fluvial transition zone evolves over short (days) and long (decadal) time periods and for different tidal and fluvial regimes, the structure of the river flow as it varies in its magnitude over tidal currents and how this changes at the mixing interface between fresh and saline water and at the turbidity maximum, the role of suspended sediment in controlling bathymetric change and bar growth and the role of fine-grained sediment (muds and flocs), whether it is possible to differentiate between 'fluvial' and 'tidally' influenced bedforms as preserved in bars and within the adjacent floodplain and what are the diagnostic sedimentary facies of tidal-fluvial deposits and how are these different from 'pure' fluvial and tidal deposits, amongst other topics. The book presents the latest research on the processes and deposits of the tidal-fluvial transition, documenting recent major field programs that have quantified the flow, sediment transport, and bed morphology in tidal-fluvial zones. It uses description of contemporary environments and ancient outcrop analogues to characterize the facies change through the tidal-fluvial transition. - Presents the latest outcomes from recent, large, integrated field programs in estuaries around the world - Gives detailed field descriptions (outcrop, borehole, core, contemporary sediments) of tidal-fluvial deposits - Accesses new models and validation datasets for estuarine processes and deposits - Presents descriptions of contemporary environments and ancient outcrop analogues to characterize the facies change through the tidal-fluvial transition
Download or read book Coastal Wetlands written by Gerardo M.E. Perillo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-01-18 with total page 975 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal wetlands are under a great deal of pressure from the dual forces of rising sea level and the intervention of human populations both along the estuary and in the river catchment. Direct impacts include the destruction or degradation of wetlands from land reclamation and infrastructures. Indirect impacts derive from the discharge of pollutants, changes in river flows and sediment supplies, land clearing, and dam operations. As sea level rises, coastal wetlands in most areas of the world migrate landward to occupy former uplands. The competition of these lands from human development is intensifying, making the landward migration impossible in many cases. This book provides an understanding of the functioning of coastal ecosystems and the ecological services that they provide, and suggestions for their management. In this book a CD is included containing color figures of wetlands and estuaries in different parts of the world. - Includes a CD containing color figures of wetlands and estuaries in different parts of the world.
Download or read book Coastal estuarine and Nearshore Processes written by Evelyn Sinha and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Fossils as Indicators of Sedimentary Environments written by Dirk Knaust and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integration of ichnological information into sedimentological models, and vice versa, is one of the main means by which we can improve our understanding of ancient depositional environments. Mainly intended for sedimentologists, this book aims to make ichnological methods as part of facies interpretation more popular, providing an analytical review of the ichnology of all major depositional environments and the use of ichnology in biostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysis. It starts with an introduction to the historical aspect of ichnology, introducing common concepts and methods, and then continues with parts treating the main depositional systems from continental, shallow-marine and deep-marine siliciclastics, and marine carbonates. The last part is dedicated to the ichnology in hydrocarbon reservoir and aquifer characterization. - First overview in 25 years of the status of ichnological studies in facies reconstructions of all major depositional environments - Written by a selected, well-experienced and specialized international authorship - Provides easy access to the comprehensive and widespread literature
Download or read book Turbulent Exchange of Fine Sediments in Tidal Flow written by Ronald van der Ham and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Tide Dominated Han River Delta Korea written by Don Cummings and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Tide-Dominated Han River Delta provides a thorough analysis of a river delta in which tidal currents have reworked the river-borne sediment, generating characteristic geomorphological and sedimentological signatures in the process. Such "tide-dominated" deltas are common in the modern ocean, forming the substrate upon which entire populations are built. Furthermore, ancient examples contain enormous volumes of hydrocarbon. Despite this, tide-dominated deltas remain less well understood than their wave- and river-dominated counterparts, largely because processes within them are inherently more complex and fewer modern examples have been investigated in detail. This multi-year study by a team of experts in coastal geoscience represents the most complete documentation of a tide-dominated delta to date. Results help advance, and are applicable to, a broad range of fields within sedimentary geology, including clastic sedimentology, seismic and sequence stratigraphy, and coastal geomorphology, in addition to petroleum geology and reservoir engineering.
Download or read book Introduction to the Physics of Cohesive Sediment Dynamics in the Marine Environment written by Johan C. Winterwerp and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-08-20 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the physical processes of cohesive sediment in the marine environment. It focuses on highly dynamic systems, such as estuaries and coastal seas. Processes on the continental shelf are also discussed and attention is given to the effects of chemistry, biology and gas.The process descriptions are based on hydrodynamic and soil mechanic principles, which integrate at the soil-water interface. This approach is substantiated through a classification scheme of sediment occurrences in which distinction is made between cohesive and granular material. Emphasis is also placed on the important interactions between turbulent flow and cohesive sediment suspensions, and on the impact of flow-induced forces on the stability of the seabed. An overview of literature on cohesive sediment dynamics is presented and a number of new developments are highlighted, in particular in relation to floc formation, settling and sedimentation, consolidation, bed failure and liquefaction and erosion of the bed. Moreover, it presents a summary on methods and techniques to measure the various sediment properties necessary to quantify the various parameters in the physical-mathematical model descriptions. A number of examples and case studies have been included.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Coastal Science written by M. Schwartz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-08 with total page 1243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new Encyclopedia of Coastal Science stands as the latest authoritative source in the field of coastal studies, making it the standard reference work for specialists and the interested lay person. Unique in its interdisciplinary approach. This Encyclopedia features contributions by 245 well-known international specialists in their respective fields and is abundantly illustrated with line-drawings and photographs. Not only does this volume offer an extensive number of entries, it also includes various appendices, an illustrated glossary of coastal morphology and extensive bibliographic listings.
Download or read book Contemporary Issues in Estuarine Physics written by Arnoldo Valle-Levinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estuaries are of high socioeconomic importance with twenty-two of the thirty-two largest cities in the world located on river estuaries. Estuaries bring together fluxes of fresh and saline water, as well as fluvial and marine sediments, and contain high biological diversity. Increasingly sophisticated field observation technology and numerical modeling have produced significant advances in our understanding of the physical properties of estuaries over the last decade. This book introduces a classification for estuaries before presenting the basic physics and hydrodynamics of estuarine circulation and the various factors that modify it in time and space. It then covers special topics at the forefront of research such as turbulence, fronts in estuaries and continental shelves, low inflow estuaries, and implications of estuarine transport for water quality. Written by leading authorities on estuarine and lagoon hydrodynamics, this volume provides a concise foundation for academic researchers, advanced students and coastal resource managers.
Download or read book Sediment Flux and Trapping on the Skagit Tidal Flats written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term objective is to determine the hydrodynamic processes controlling sediment transport and the associated morphologic response on tidal flats. The objectives of our research program were: * quantify the influence of barotropic (tidal) convergence on the lower Skagit tidal flats as a mechanism of sediment trapping and creation of ephemeral mud and sand deposits; * determine the role of density fronts in creating and transporting high concentration sediment suspensions, and assess the influence of these processes on sediment deposition and short-term morphological change; * distinguish the influence of wave-induced sediment transport from tidal/fluvial processes, and determine how variations in tidal, fluvial and wind/wave forcing alter the bedform geometry, transport pathways, surficial sediment characteristics and tide-flat morphology.
