Download or read book Three Essays on Economics of Early Childhood Education written by Atsuko Muroga and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These studies also help shed light on gaps in our current knowledge and lay out future research agenda.
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Xuejuan Su and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education and Early Childhood written by Francisco Haimovich Paz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these essays, I study the long-term effects of education policies and birth order on educational and labor market outcomes. In my first chapter I study the long-term effects of one of the first early education programs in the US - the Kindergarten Movement (1890-1910). I collected unique data on the opening of public kindergartens across cities in the US during this period. I then link over 100,000 children living in these cities to subsequent Censuses where their adult outcomes can be observed. I find that kindergarten attendance had large effects on adult outcomes. On average, the affected cohorts had about 0.6 additional years of schooling and six percent more income (as measured by occupational score). These effects were substantially larger for second generation immigrant children. The effects of this early intervention are most likely due to language acquisition and the attainment of various "soft skills" early in childhood. The second chapter was co-authored with Maria Laura Alzua and Leonardo Gasparini, who directed the project. In this chapter, we study the long-term effects of an educational reform in Argentina. In the nineties Argentina implemented a large education reform that mainly implied the extension of compulsory education in two additional years. The timing in the implementation substantially varied across provinces, providing a source of identification of the causal effects of the reform. The estimations from difference-in-difference models suggest that the reform had a positive impact on years of education and the probability of high school graduation. The impact on labor market outcomes was positive for the non-poor youths, but almost null for the poor. In my third chapter I use US historical data to empirically test whether long-term birth order effects differ across the leading and lagging regions of the country in the Pre-War World II period. To do so, I create a large panel dataset by linking more than two million children across the 1920 and the 1940 full census counts, and to the World War II army enlistment records. I then study birth order effects on various long-term outcomes (with emphasis on educational outcomes). I find that in general, birth order effects are positive in the "developing" south--i.e. younger siblings do better than older siblings-- and negative in the relatively modern north, which is consistent with the available evidence from contemporary data for developed and developing countries. I then exploit state level variation to show that birth order effects are positively correlated with the share of rural population, child labor rates and negatively correlated with the level mechanization in agriculture. I also show that, regardless the state of birth, the effects tend to be larger for the poor. Finally, I complement the analysis by looking at birth order effects on earnings and adult height. While I find relatively similar results for earnings, I find no birth order effects on adult height, which suggests that we can rule out improvements in health or nutrition as the potential mechanisms behind the effects on education and labor outcomes.
Download or read book Learning and earning written by Mary Jean Bowman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Tong Geng and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To expand our understanding of Children First, I first outline the key components of this education reform and review the literature on Children First and its associated policies. I also reassess the overall impact of Children First through the synthetic control method and find weak effects of this reform on student performance. Lastly, I provide an economic analysis to understand the advantages and weaknesses of Children First.
Download or read book Economic Perspectives on the Well being of Children and Mothers written by Katharina Heisig and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in the Economics of Education written by Quentin Owen Brummet and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in the Economics of Education written by Ben Safety Ost and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is a compilation of three essays. The first essay uses longitudinal administrative data on teachers to investigate the relative productivity benefits of acquiring general versus task-specific human capital. Within a school, elementary teachers frequently change grade assignments and I exploit the resulting variation in grade-specific tenure to separately identify the effect of general teaching experience and specific experience. Using a value-added model that controls for teacher fixed effects, I find that both general experience and grade-specific experience improve teacher performance. In addition to providing evidence that the productivity returns to human capital can be sensitive to seemingly small changes in task requirements, this study furthers our understanding of how teachers improve with experience. The second essay uses longitudinal administrative data from a large selective research university to analyze the role of peers and grades in determining major persistence in the life and physical sciences. In the physical sciences, analyses using within-course, across-time variation show that ex-ante measures of peer quality in a student's introductory courses has a lasting impact on the probability of persisting in the major. This peer effect exhibits important non-linearities such that weak students benefit from exposure to stronger peers while strong students are not dragged down by weaker peers. In both the physical and life sciences, I find evidence that students are "pulled away" by their high grades in non-science courses and "pushed out" by their low grades in their major field. The final essay examines the effect of undergraduate course letter grades on future course selection and major choice. Using a Regression-Discontinuity design, I exploit the fact that the probability of earning a particular letter grade jumps discontinuously around letter grade cutoffs. This variation in letter grades allows me to isolate the impact of letter grades on major choice and course selection. I collect original numerical scores for 65 introductory courses across 6 fields and merge this with administrative data including student-level characteristics and transcripts. Since grading cutoffs exist throughout the distribution of scores, I am able to estimate local treatment effects at a variety of localities to examine the distribution of treatment effects. Contrary to the findings of the previous literature, I find no evidence that students respond to their letter grades in terms of course or major choices.
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Stephen V. Cameron and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Economics of Education written by Ricardo Meilman Lomaz Cohn and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is composed of three essays on economics of education. The first chapter is co-authored with Ciro Avitabile and Jesse Cunha and investigates the medium-term impact of early-life welfare transfers on children's learning. It studies children who were exposed to the randomized controlled trial of the Mexico's Food Support Program (Programa de Apoyo Alimentario), in which households were assigned to receive cash, in-kind food transfers, or nothing (a control). The findings show that in-kind transfers did not impact test scores, while cash transfers led to a significant and meaningful decrease in test scores. An analysis of the mechanisms driving these results reveals that both transfers led to an increase in child labor, which is likely detrimental to learning. In-kind food transfers, however, induced a greater consumption of several key micronutrients that are vital for brain development, which likely attenuated the negative impacts of child labor on learning. The second chapter, jointly with Jane Friesen and Simon Woodcock, studies sorting, peer effects and school effectiveness under a universal voucher program. Using student-level longitudinal data for the population of students enrolled in private and public schools, we estimate a model of test scores that includes student effects, school effects and peer effects. Our results provide both the first estimates of the contribution of peer ability to private school effectiveness and a novel set of estimates of the effect of private school cream-skimming on the achievement of public school students under a mature voucher program. We find evidence of substantial sorting that contributes meaningfully to achievement at private schools via peer effects but has little effect on the average outcomes of those left behind in public schools. The third chapter investigates the effect of a policy-induced increase in public school competition on private school enrollment and budget outcomes. I exploit a natural experiment created by the introduction of an open enrollment policy that expanded public school choice opportunities and increased competitive pressure on private schools. Using a new data set constructed from mandatory nonprofit information returns and school enrollment records, I find that an increase in public school competition modestly reduces private school enrollment. Catholic school enrollment is most responsive to increased public school choice, whereas other private schools such as Christian and other faith schools experience no reduction in enrollment. The negative enrollment effects are concentrated among high school age students. I find no evidence that private schools respond to this increased public school choice by adjusting their revenue and spending choices.
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Jennifer Gnagey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I conduct quantitative analyses of several recent national K-12 education initiatives of which Ohio has been an early adopter. In the first chapter, I examine the impact of Ohio's first four inclusive STEM high schools. In the second chapter, I use simulation analysis to evaluate four different methods for incorporating co-teachers into value-added models. In the third chapter, I analyze of the impact of student mobility on value-added teacher effect estimates.
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Isaac McFarlin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Cem Mete and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Tianheng Wang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Douglas N. Harris and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Mariesa Ann Herrmann and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our estimates suggest that the daily loss associated with one absence is 0.001 standard deviations in math and 0.0006 standard deviations in reading, the same as replacing an average teacher with one at the 10-20th percentile of teacher value-added. We also find evidence that the daily losses associated with an absence decline with the length of the absence spell, consistent with long-term substitutes being of higher quality or learning on the job.
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Education written by Naihobe Denisse Gonzalez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nevertheless, our results present a cautionary tale of the short-term effects of a rapid and large expansion in access to university education.
