Download or read book Three Essays on Private Landowners Response to Incentives for Carbon Sequestration Through Forest Management and Afforestation written by Taeyoung Kim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays on private landowners' response to incentives for carbon sequestration in forests. The first essay examines private landowner response to incentives for carbon sequestration through various combinations of intermediate management practices. The second essay focuses on agricultural landowners' willingness to participate in an incentive program for carbon sequestration through afforestation, and estimates the potential for carbon sequestration from afforestation, as well as its cost. The third study examines relative performances of incentive targeting strategies for forest carbon sequestration under asymmetric information given spatially heterogeneous land types. The first essay uses an econometric approach to analyze the factors affecting non-industrial private forest landowners' choice of forest management practices, and examines how these choices might change in response to the use of incentives for carbon sequestration. I use estimated parameters to simulate the carbon sequestration potential for different combinations of management practices, and compare the effectiveness and costs of performance-based and practice-based incentive payment schemes in the Western U.S. The results suggest that incentive payments can increase the probability that desirable combinations of management practices are adopted, and particularly that incentives targeting increased fertilization yield the highest carbon sequestration potential. I also find that a performance-based payment scheme produces higher carbon sequestration than a practice-based payments scheme. However, the annual sequestration potential of intermediate forest management in response to incentive payment is not as large as the sequestration potential of afforestation. The second essay uses a survey-based stated preference approach to predict landowners' willingness to participate in a tree planting program for carbon sequestration as a function of various factors affecting landowners' decision making and different levels of incentive payments. The estimation results show that the annual payment for carbon sequestration significantly and positively affects landowners' stated level of enrollment in a tree planting program. I use the estimated parameters to conduct regional level simulations of carbon sequestration in response to incentive payments. These simulations show that the carbon supply function in the Pacific Northwest region is steeper than in the Southeast region because of the lower adoption rate and less available lands. The national level carbon supply functions derived from this study are steeper than those obtained from bottom-up engineering approaches and optimization models, and are in the same range as those from revealed preference approach studies. The third essay uses both a conceptual analysis and a numerical analysis to examine the relative performances of incentive programs for carbon sequestration using alternative targeting criteria in the presence of asymmetric information and heterogeneity in costs and benefits. The results show that in the presence of asymmetric information, the combination of high cost-high benefit variability and negative correlation, which is the combination that achieves the greatest benefit gains under perfect information, can result in the greatest benefit losses. Additionally, a comparison of two targeting schemes shows that if cost variability is greater than benefit variability with negative correlation, the benefit achieved under benefit-cost ratio targeting can be lower than that under acreage targeting, so that an optimal targeting strategy under perfect information may no longer be optimal under asymmetric information.
Download or read book Engaging Western Landowners in Climate Change Mitigation written by David D. Diaz and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are opportunities for forest owners and ranchers to participate in emerging carbon markets and contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon-oriented forest and range mgmt. activities. These activities often promote sustainable forestry and ranching and broader conservation goals while providing a new income stream for landowners. The authors describe current carbon market opportunities for landowners, discuss common steps they must undergo to take advantage of these opportunities, and address related questions. Also provides a synthesis of the existing scientific literature on how different forest and range mgmt. practices are thought to contribute to carbon sequestration, including current debates on this topic.
Download or read book Carbon Sequestration on Nonindustrial Private Forest Lands for Climate Change Mitigation in the Southern United States written by Puskar Nath Khanal and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To effectively implement climate change mitigation and carbon sequestration activities in the southern US, nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowner participation is necessary because of the significant number of acres of forest land under their ownership. This study intended to develop a typology of NIPF landowners based on their reasons of owning forestland, assess their attitude toward climate change and carbon sequestration, and evaluate their participation behavior toward forest carbon sequestration in the southern US. A mail survey of NIPF landowners in the southern US was used to collect the data necessary for this study. Study results indicated that landowners in the southern US could be segmented into multi-objective, timber and amenity oriented landowners; and landowner groups differed in terms of their ownership characteristics, management behavior, and interest toward forest carbon sequestration. Additionally, the southern landowner attitudes toward climate change and carbon sequestration could be grouped into positive, negative, and undecided types; with the undecided group composing the largest proportion of landowners. However, few landowners indicated having a good understanding of forest carbon sequestration, indicating the need for more education and outreach activities in this region. In addition, landowner willingness to participate in carbon sequestration practices was different when such practices were more profitable, revenue neutral or less profitable than timber management only. Although many landowners would require a significant profit to participate in carbon sequestration programs, others would participate with little or no incentives. Those having recreational goals for their property were the most likely landowners to participate in carbon sequestration. Similarly, positive attitudes toward climate change (i.e., with a belief that climate change is scientifically proven) and a good understanding of forest carbon sequestration positively affected landowner participation in forest carbon sequestration. Economic implementation of climate change policy could be achieved by designing education, incentives, or assistance programs to connect with recreational goal landowners in the southern US.
Download or read book Understanding Private Forest Owner Participation in Future Carbon Offset Programs in the Catskills Region written by Derek Phillip Stenclik and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest carbon sequestration and storage is increasingly being considered as an attractive climate change mitigation strategy across the Northeast, the United States and the world. Recent research indicates that a significant percentage of U.S. reductions in carbon emissions could be achieved through improved forest management at costs competitive to other mitigation strategies and technologies. Given that the majority of forestland throughout the country is owned by many diverse private forest landowners, the success or failure of forest carbon management programs may depend on the willingness of these landowners to participate in voluntary carbon offset programs. The goal of this thesis is to provide a better understanding of future landowner participation in forest management programs specifically targeting carbon benefits. Using a mail survey of 1,200 landowners in the Catskills region of New York State, a landowner's willingness to accept incentive payments in return for improved forest management is determined using a contingent valuation approach. The landowner's utility-maximizing participation decision is estimated using a logit econometric model. Results of this study indicate that there is a strong interest among a broad spectrum of landowners for forest management, especially among those concerned with climate change issues. Participation rates ranged from 30 percent at relatively low incentive payment offers to 85 percent at high incentive payment offers. The median incentive payment necessary to induce participation is between $14 and $19 per acre, per year. The participation decision is influenced by the amount of incentive payment offered, property size, different ownership objectives, attitudes towards climate change issues and political orientation. These results indicate that forest management could be an efficient and effective climate change mitigation policy in the Catskills region of New York State, and possibly beyond.
Download or read book Economics of Carbon Sequestration in Forestry written by Terry J. Logan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-12-29 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1992 Earth Summit, there have been increased efforts on an international scale to address global climate change. Reducing the increased levels of CO2 and other "greenhouse gases," which are believed to be contributing to this climatic change, will require major effort on the part of the world's governments. This means that the environmental, economic, social, and political consequences of climate change must be understood, and that strategies to mitigate climate change must also address these issues. The workshop detailed in this book concentrated on how economic principles and analysis could contribute to the planning of forestry projects aimed at affecting terrestrial carbon balances. More than 30 international scientists came together for one week near Stockholm, Sweden and divided into working groups charged with addressing a specific issue and preparing a paper within this time frame. This book contains the majority of papers presented at this meeting, and includes both the working group papers and the individually presented papers.
Download or read book Enhancing Carbon Sequestration in Forests Agricultural Lands and Wetlands in the Nordic Countries Technical Measures and Policy Instruments written by Nainggolan, Doan and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2021-09-29 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-537/ The project reviews a range of relevant land-use measures, their climate mitigation effects and the associated policy instruments, with a focus on Denmark, Finland and Sweden. It identifies alternative policy instruments that can be introduced to further augment carbon sequestration in the LULUCF sector in the Nordic countries. Key findings of the project are 1) Several land-use measures relevant for climate mitigation exist (e.g. measures on organic soils, afforestation) although the implementations are rarely explicitly driven by climate goals; 2) Policy instruments are currently limited and less diverse in their forms; 3) Alternative policy instruments include performance based incentive mechanisms, carbon rent approach, and market based instruments. Follow-up research is needed to support, incentivize and augment climate mitigation in the LULUCF sector in the Nordic region.
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Competing Land Uses and Endogenous Tenure Security written by Anteneh T. Tesfaw and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is a compilation of three essays on the economics of land and forest use under endogenous tenure insecurity, incentive based strategies (e.g., payment for carbon sequestration and avoided deforestation), and intergenerational land transfer motive. The first essay explores, in a dynamic framework, how participation in carbon forestry financed by payment for environmental services (PES) schemes affects the land allocation decision of a smallholder with customary tenure between crop production and tree planting. Customary tenure arrangement presents an interesting feature to the model, because under this arrangement smallholder's risk of eviction is reduced through afforestation. Although there are studies linking the risk of eviction in agriculture and forestry to an agent's land allocation decision among alternative uses, this literature does not include the specific influence of customary tenure, nor does it covers the influence on carbon forestry projects. With this research gap in mind, we analyze the conditions under which a carbon forestry scheme can be targeted to smallholders with customary tenure, and how the incentives for undertaking carbon forestry are affected by any endogenous impact on tenure security through tree planting. The essay also explores how the potential endogeneity of tenure security is likely to influence carbon forestry payments. The existing empirical literature linking tenure security and forest management is largely inconclusive, implying that requiring absolute tenure security for REDD+ participation may sometimes be ill-advised. The second essay establishes this and shows that, under certain conditions, communities with insecure tenure can be successful providers of REDD+. To this end, this essay considers deforestation of a commonly owned forest in a dynamic game theory setting, allowing for tenure security endogeneity and payment for avoided deforestation. This framework helps identify conditions that yield forest conservation as Markov- perfect Nash equilibrium for endogenously insecure tenure. The third essay examines the implication of intergenerational land transfer motives on land conservation decision of rural parents. Farmers in general commit scarce resources on land conservation structures. One possible explanation is market incentive; that the improved productivity from soil conservation will be capitalized into land value or that a farmer invests in conservation structures only if it is profitable to do so. However, the market incentive explanation may be ill-suited to the realities particularly present in most farming economies, where land markets are either missing or imperfect. Alternatively, a strong intergenerational land transfer motive could explain a planning horizon for realizing the returns on soil conservation structure investments beyond the farmer's own life time. The latter explanation is the focus of this essay. Specifically, this essay identifies intergenerational land transfer motives and models how each impacts conservation decision of families in farming economies. In addition, recent studies from developing countries found that security of property right is important in explaining variations in smallholder's land conservation investment decision. Using our framework, we show that tenure security impacts land conservation investment decision of parents by weakening or strengthening this land transfer consideration. In this essay we also carry out empirical analysis of data from Ethiopia. Ethiopia presents an ideal case to test the theory as land degradation is alarming and inheritance is the only means of transferring land in perpetuity.
Download or read book Forest Resources for the Environment and the Economy Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Forests and Public Land Management and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest Transitions and Carbon Fluxes written by Matti Palo and published by Unu World Institute for Development Economics Research. This book was released on 1999 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Family Forest Landowners Interest in Forest Carbon Credit Programs written by Kristell A. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing the Effects of Forest Management Techniques on Sequestering Carbon in Northern Woodlots written by Karen Paquin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canadian woodlots can play an important role in mitigating climate change through increased carbon sequestration. I conducted a survey of private woodlot owners in Ontario to address three questions related to forest carbon storage and forest management techniques (FMT). The survey responses showed that the largest portion of woodlot owners in this study (46%) is not actively engaged in forest management on their properties, opting for natural succession. Using the data from the survey, I completed four sets of simulations with the CBM-CFS3 model. The simulation results indicated that current carbon storage on the woodlots is 240,753 tons and, if all the landowners let their forests grow without management (natural succession), in 300 years, carbon storage will increase to 501,236 tons. The FMT that stored the greatest amount of carbon over the long-term was a 10% commercial thinning (665,007 tons). Adding a 60-year rotation interval to the 10% commercial thinning increased carbon storage even more (791,027 tons). Conversely, clearcuts and wildfires had devastating effects on carbon storage. After a clearcut or wildfire, transitioning to a red pine forest recovered more lost carbon than any FMT or natural succession. All of these are long-term perspectives, but in the short-term, natural succession may be the best method for storing carbon. However, what made this investigation most interesting was the complexities of the woodlots themselves, their stand make-up, ownership and uses. The diversity of these woodlots may offer a path of least resistance to increasing carbon storage on them.
Download or read book If Someone Wants My Carbon Let Them Pay written by Joanna Di Tommaso and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a response to global climate change, policies have increasingly incorporated forest carbon offset projects into mitigation efforts. To this end, California has implemented the first US forest carbon offset program within a compliance cap-and-trade system. Improved Forest Management projects allow for the production of forest products while also providing landowners with an alternative revenue stream. Therefore, the inclusion of these projects may have important implications for landowner livelihoods and the health of their forests. Landowners have a variety of motivations for participating within this type of program. However, nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) owner behavior is particularly complex and motivated by multiple objectives, including economic incentives. This research aimed to identify motivations and barriers to NIPF participation within this carbon offset program. Although studies have provided information on landowner behavior within hypothetical markets, this research focused specifically on NIPF participation within California’s newly implemented forest carbon offset program. A mail questionnaire was used to assess NIPF perceptions of forest project requirements. Most respondents were interested in participating in this program in order to receive additional revenue and to improve forest health, regardless of forest ownership objectives. However, participants also identified possible constraints in joining the market, such as the lengthy time commitment, high costs, and protocol complexity. The results of this study contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding NIPF behavior within incentive-based management programs.
Download or read book Carbon Mitigation and Climate Change Through Forest Management written by Jennifer P. Munster and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change is a widespread and growing concern that has led to extensive international discussions and negotiations. Responses to this concern have focused on reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, and on measuring carbon absorbed by and stored in forests, soils, and oceans. One option for slowing the rise of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus possible climate change, is to increase the amount of carbon removed by and stored in forests. This book examines the issues of carbon sequestration in forests. Also discussed are the existing federal programs that could affect forest carbon sequestration.
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Impacts of Incentive Payments for Forest based Carbon Sequestration written by Juhee Lee and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis consists of two essays on impacts of incentive payments for forest-based carbon sequestration, focusing particularly on spatial and temporal aspects in the first and second essays, respectively. The purpose of the first essay is to determine if a county-level tax-based subsidy approach is a valid alternative to existing subsidy approaches for forest carbon sequestration. A land use change model is used to test the hypothesis based on a case study of Bureau of Economic Analysis Area 88 (BEAA 88). The empirical results show that the increased net return from waiving the property tax increases the share of forestland in BEAA 88, which in turn increases accumulation of carbon in the forest ecosystem. Also, the annualized county-level cost of supplying forest-based carbon sequestration was estimated to range between $16.47 and $573.31 per carbon ton across the 18 counties in BEAA 88. The estimates from the analysis can be used to anticipate reduced property tax collections required to reach forest-based carbon sequestration goals and considered as a reference bar to target selective counties for better cost efficiency in adoption of the county-level tax-based subsidy approach. The second essay was to determine the different payments to forestland owners needed to achieve a target level of carbon sequestration under three different market conditions, namely the 2001-2006 real estate upturn, the 2006-2011 period that includes real estate downturn, and the 2001-2011 period that combines the two periods (referred to as "pooled period" or "average market conditions"). The empirical results for the BEAA 88 case study show that (i) a payment system may be more effective during a upturn than during pooled period or during downturn, (ii) higher payments are required for any given target level of carbon supplied during pooled period or during downturn than during upturn and the gap between required payment increases as target levels of carbon supplied increase, and (iii) a higher maximum amount of carbon supplied can be achieved during a market upturn than during pooled period or during a downturn. This results will help policymakers anticipate optimal budget allocations and contract prices under different market conditions.
Download or read book Getting it Right written by Michael Totten and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Getting it Right" is part of inititial research mounted by Forest Trends, in conjunction with the World Resources Institute. We have tried, in the pages that follow, to set out the potential for businesses and the environmental community to find common solutions that use forests to mitigate the climate-warming dangers of greenhouse gases. While there are a number of outstanding issues to be resolved around measurement, time frames, methodologies, and verification, the momentum to create a market for forests as sinks of carbon emissions is clearly accelerating.
Download or read book Carbon Forestry who Will Benefit Proceedings of Workshop on Carbon Sequestration and Sustainable Livelihoods written by Daniel Murdiyarso and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings is a collection of 14 papers presenting the lessons learned from a number of case studies, and ranging from small to large scale projects, from community-based to corporate operations, and from development to conservation activities. These papers presented topics on afforestration and peatland restoration and management under the Clean Development Mechanism, forest management, carbon forestry markets, carbon sequestration, climate change, and livelihood sustainability.
Download or read book Cash for Carbon written by Lenny D. Farlee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
