Download or read book Three Essays on Economic Development in Developing Countries written by Zhengang Xu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Developing Countries written by Nitesh Saha and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Economic Development written by UN Asian Institute for Economic Development and Planning and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Trade and Development written by Tereso S. Tullao and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Economic Policy in Developing Countries written by Miguel Braun and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Globalization and Economic Development written by Benjamin Faber and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do falling barriers to flows of trade and information both within and across countries affect economic livelihoods in developing countries? The three chapters presented in this PhD thesis aim to contribute to our understanding of this question.

Download or read book Economic Policies in Developing and Emerging Market Economies written by Shengzu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Development Economics written by Céline Ferré and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Macroeconomic Policy Development Economics and Economic Growth written by Navarat Temsumrit and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to fulfil the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics and Finance, at the University of St. Gallen, after the completion of the course-work and research phases, I hereby to provide the cumulative dissertation. The dissertation consists of three essays on macroeconomic policy, development economics and economic growth. The first chapter examines empirically the relationship between the cyclical pattern of fiscal policy in democratic developing countries and their quality of political institutions. This chapter uses updated data to analyse 63 developing countries from 1980 to 2013 and robustly shows that pro-cyclical fiscal policy exist in both democratic and non-democratic developing countries. The main contributions of this chapter are controlling the endogeneity issue by using the instrumental variable method and investigating the interactions between political institutions variables and the cyclicality of fiscal policy. The results suggest that an improvement in the level of institutional quality plays an important role to restrain pro-cyclical fiscal policy. These effects are larger in democratic countries than non-democratic ones. Additionally, the maturity and stability of a democratic regime influence in restraining the implementation of pro-cyclical fiscal policy. The second chapter studies the effects of demographic transition and unfunded pension system in affecting the economic growth of Thailand. The chapter adds the aspect of the informal sector and investments in children's education into the Overlapping Generation (OLG) model. We modify the model to allow individuals heterogeneity in their ages and exogenously assign to work either in the formal or informal sector. The results from our model suggest that the non-contribution pension system or old-age security schemes hinder the economic growth of the economy with a high share of the informal sector and low fertility rate like Tha.

Download or read book Three Essays in Development Economics written by David Russell Hansen and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three chapters. All three deal with topics in development economics. The first chapter examines the effects on village institutions of introducing formal financial institution options into the village. The second addresses the effects of government policy on educational investment and crime. The third tests the explanatory power of various explanations of the gender gap in math test scores. The first chapter examines the effects of a transition from a ``traditional'' economy based on an uncertain source of income, with risk fully insured away by one's neighbors in a social network through costly network ties, to a ``modern'' economy in which some agents have access to partial insurance at a lower cost. A theoretical model is used to show that village social networks can break down as some members of the village no longer need the insurance the social network provides, producing a reduction in welfare (if the costs of reducing moral hazard are not too high) for at least some individuals and possibly the village as a whole. This loss of welfare can occur even when networks provide other benefits to those belonging to them and is likely to be heterogeneous, depending on the opportunities and networks available to individuals. This paper tests these predictions using Indonesian data to examine the effect of a change in the banking institutions available to a community on the strength of social networks (measured by community participation) and welfare (measured by household expenditure and by child health). The analysis finds that changing financial institution availability in general does not influence community participation or welfare, but that financial institutions that primarily serve certain groups do relatively reduce the welfare of households not in those groups, which is consistent with the hypotheses generated by the model. Crime is an important feature of economic life in many countries, especially in the developing world. Crime distorts many economic decisions because it acts like an unpredictable tax on earnings. In particular, the threat of crime may influence people's willingness to invest in schooling or physical capital. The second chapter explores the questions "What influence do crime rates and levels of investment have on one another?" and "How do government policies affect the relationship between investment and crime?" by creating a simple structural model of crime and educational investment and attempting to fit this model to Mexican data. A method of simulated moments procedure is used to estimate parameters of the model and the estimated parameters are then used to carry out policy simulations. The simulations show that increasing spending on police or increasing the severity of punishment reduces crime but has little effect on educational investment. Increased educational subsidies increase educational investment but reduce crime only slightly. Thus, one type of policy is insufficient to accomplish the goals of both reducing crime and increasing education. The third chapter is joint work with Prashant Bharadwaj, Giacomo De Giorgi, and Christopher Neilson. Boys tend to have better performances than girls in mathematical testing; in particular, there are significantly more boys than girls among high achievers and the score distribution appears to have a longer right tail for boys. We confirm such results on several low- and middle-income countries. In particular we find that the gender gap is already present by age 10 and substantially increases by age 14 and 15. We propose and try to test a series of explanations for such a gap: (i) parental investment, (ii) ability, (iii) school resources, (iv) individual investment and effort (not tested directly), (v) competitive environment, and (vi) cultural norms. We conclude that none of our proposed explanations can account for a substantial portion of the gap.

Download or read book Three Essays on Development Economics written by Mizuhiro Suzuki (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies how households and individuals in developing countries deal with economic shocks and economic needs. In the first chapter, I study a Latin American ceremony, quincean̳eras, and how households manage the large expenditures on the expensive ceremony. I explore the coping strategy of households in Mexico and how such expensive events can affect economic outcomes such as household businesses and social networks. While the large expenditures on festivals and ceremonies in developing have been documented in the literature on development economics, few empirical studies have been conducted, especially on how poor households afford the events and what the economic consequences of such events are. This study fills the gap in the literature. The second and third chapters investigate the effect of weather shocks on individual behaviors in the context of developing countries. In the second chapter, I explore how temperature affects the work performance of bureaucrats. In particular, I study how the contents of corruption reports are affected by temperature during fieldwork. Using the federal audit program in Brazil, I find evidence that heat increases the probability of reporting corruption. This suggests that the work performance of bureaucrats is affected by external and seemingly irrelevant factors such as temperature. In the third chapter, I investigate the effect of temperature on exam performance and the interaction between exam stakes and exam performance. I approach these research questions by using exam score data in a centralized exam in Brazil and an institutional reform that increased the stakes of the exam. I find that the high temperature negatively affects the students' exam scores and the temperature effect becomes smaller when exam stakes are higher.

Download or read book Three Essays on Development Economics written by Mizuhiro Suzuki (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies how households and individuals in developing countries deal with economic shocks and economic needs. In the first chapter, I study a Latin American ceremony, quincean̳eras, and how households manage the large expenditures on the expensive ceremony. I explore the coping strategy of households in Mexico and how such expensive events can affect economic outcomes such as household businesses and social networks. While the large expenditures on festivals and ceremonies in developing have been documented in the literature on development economics, few empirical studies have been conducted, especially on how poor households afford the events and what the economic consequences of such events are. This study fills the gap in the literature. The second and third chapters investigate the effect of weather shocks on individual behaviors in the context of developing countries. In the second chapter, I explore how temperature affects the work performance of bureaucrats. In particular, I study how the contents of corruption reports are affected by temperature during fieldwork. Using the federal audit program in Brazil, I find evidence that heat increases the probability of reporting corruption. This suggests that the work performance of bureaucrats is affected by external and seemingly irrelevant factors such as temperature. In the third chapter, I investigate the effect of temperature on exam performance and the interaction between exam stakes and exam performance. I approach these research questions by using exam score data in a centralized exam in Brazil and an institutional reform that increased the stakes of the exam. I find that the high temperature negatively affects the students' exam scores and the temperature effect becomes smaller when exam stakes are higher.

Download or read book Three Essays on Capital Flows Financial Development and Economic Growth in Less Developed Countries written by Heinz P. Rudolph and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Science Ideology and Development written by Archie Mafeje and published by Scandinavian Institute of African Studies. This book was released on 1978 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on The Formation and Mobility of Human Capital in Developing Countries written by Maggie Yuanyuan Liu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and economic growth take place through the more efficient allocation of inputs into more productive uses. Human capital is a key input since it is the main asset of the majority of the population, especially of the poor, in developing countries. What factors attribute to existing barriers to physical and social mobility of human capital in developing countries? How has expanded global trade affected the allocation and accumulation of skill in developing economies? In three chapters, I study the education and internal migration in China and India, and provide answer to these questions.

Download or read book Three Essays in the Economics of Gender and Development written by David Aimé Zoundi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Ph.D. thesis explores barriers to gender equality in developing countries. It is composed of three essays. The first essay (chapter 1) explores the roots of gender inequality favoring boys in education. It analyzes the effect of culture interaction with poor household economic on the school dropout probabilities of boys' and girls', using Malawi data. Malawi's suitability for this analysis stems from the coexistence in its territory of two different customs of post-marital residence for couples: patrilocal and matrilocal customs. Estimation results show that gender inequality in education is rooted in the interaction of household economic conditions and the custom of patrilocality—when a married couple settles near or with the husband's family after marriage. The essay concludes that public policies that make it unnecessary for parents to rely on traditional customs to organize their family life can eliminate gender inequality favoring boys' education. The last two essays analyze the issue of polygyny—when a man can have multiples wives simultaneously. This marriage institution has disappeared globally but remains confined in a cluster of sub-Saharan African countries, particularly in the Sahel region. Economic theory predicts that increasing women's education leads to the disappearance of polygyny. Still, empirical evidence is yet to establish this causal link, settling instead for a negative correlation between education and women's polygyny probabilities. The second essay examines the effect of education on women's polygyny probabilities, using primarily Uganda data. For identification, we use an estimation approach that jointly addresses sample selection and education endogeneity problems. We estimate a three-equation model comprising a polygyny (main) equation, a marriage (selection), and an education (endogeneity) equation. Estimation results confirm economic theory's prediction that increasing women's education leads to the disappearance of polygyny. The third and final essay provides evidence on the cause of the clustering of polygyny in drought-prone countries. Evidence shows that in village economies dependent on rainfed agriculture, the breakdown of informal risk-sharing arrangements following covariate shocks such as droughts increases the value of having a large family, both in size and composition, as a lever of resilience strategies. We find that polygyny allows households to build resilience to the adverse effects of drought on crop yields. These three essays contribute to advancing our knowledge of the barriers to gender inequalityin sub-Saharan Africa. It mainly draws attention to the importance for developing countries to invest in girls' schooling (Essay 2) and promote public policies that make it less attractive for parents to resort to traditional institutions to support their livelihoods (Essay 1). Additionally, policies such as those promoting smallholder farmers as a development strategy can contribute to the persistence of polygyny in drought-prone communities if done without weaning the rural population of its dependence on rainfed agriculture. In these settings, promoting resilience and adaptation strategies independent of household size can lead to polygyny and child marriage's disappearance (Essay 3).

Download or read book Three Essays in Trade and International Development written by Nii Amon Neequaye and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies how society views corruption at different stages of economic development. It develops a theoretical framework that shows that at low levels of income or development, corruption increases and at high levels of income and development, corruption decreases. This theoretical proposition is also investigated empirically. The empirical analyses support the proposed theory and hint that fiscal policy, socioeconomic conditions, and incidences of war play significant roles in determining a country0́9s corruption level. In addition, this dissertation also explores the relationship between merchandise and service trade. I show theoretically that the two are related and determined simultaneously. An empirical investigation also confirms this proposition. Lastly, I investigate the issue of pollution in developing countries. I explore the existence of an inverted u-shaped relationship between emissions and income. I examine the role played by foreign investment in improving emissions in developing countries. The results support the inverted u-shaped relationship and suggest that environmental aid does not reduce emissions in developing countries.